Montana · individual fact

Montana education

Adult credentials, student learning, graduation, and public-school funding.

High school or higher94.6%2020–2024 · #3 of 50 · highest first
Associate degree or higher44.7%2020–2024 · #23 of 50 · highest first
Bachelor’s degree or higher35.2%2020–2024 · #23 of 50 · highest first

Montana over time

Explore Montana readings, major events and reviewed actions on the same date scale. Montana officeholders appear in separate lanes. National event evidence describes national context; it does not measure a Montana effect.

Major events & context · A curated selection, including uncertain effects. Milestone dates do not establish that an event caused a Montana change.

Enacted / issuedDid not proceedPending / in progressStatus unclear

Colors show the latest recorded status. Passing one chamber is not enactment. A number groups actions with the same date, body and status.

Grade 4 reading Montana · source units
MontanaPublished U.S. benchmark

Move across the chart to inspect the nearest observation. Click or tap to keep a reading selected, or focus the chart and use the arrow keys. Hover over or focus a marker to explore; click or tap to pin. Press Escape to clear.

Grade 4 reading2024: 217.2213.6220.9228.1Montana, 2003: 222.7Montana, 2005: 224.6Montana, 2007: 226.7Montana, 2009: 224.7Montana, 2011: 225.1Montana, 2013: 223Montana, 2015: 224.8Montana, 2017: 222.3Montana, 2019: 221.7Montana, 2022: 218.7Montana, 2024: 217.2200320132024
✦ Major events & context · 20National context · Student-aid law ends new FFEL lending and expands Pell funding · 2010-03-30Student-aid reformNational context · Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act signed · 2014-07-22Workforce and adult educationNational context · Every Student Succeeds Act signed · 2015-12-10ESSA signedNational context · Career and technical education law reauthorized · 2018-07-31Perkins V signedNational context · FUTURE Act continues support for minority-serving institutions · 2019-12-19FUTURE Act signedNational context · Pandemic education relief through the CARES Act · 2020-03-27COVID-19 education reliefNational context · Additional pandemic relief for colleges and students · 2020-12-27Second education relief lawNational context · American Rescue Plan expands education relief · 2021-03-11Education recovery fundingNational context · Supreme Court rejects Harvard and UNC race-conscious admissions programs · 2023-06-29College-admissions rulingNational context · Supreme Court rejects the 2022 student-loan cancellation plan · 2023-06-30Student-loan rulingNational context · Pell eligibility restored for qualifying prison education programs · 2023-07-01Prison education Pell accessNational context · Federal student-loan payments resume after pandemic pause · 2023-10-01Student-loan payments resumeNational context · Executive order directs steps toward closing the Education Department · 2025-03-20Federal education orderNational context · 2025 law changes federal student aid and creates Workforce Pell · 2025-07-04Student-aid law signedNational context · Education and Treasury announce student-aid partnership · 2026-03-19Student-aid partnershipNational context · Education announces final student-loan and repayment regulations · 2026-04-30Student-loan final ruleNational context · Education Department announces Workforce Pell final rule · 2026-05-18Workforce Pell ruleNational context · Education announces earnings-accountability final rule · 2026-06-29College earnings accountabilityNational context · Main student-loan limits and new repayment plans take effect · 2026-07-01Student-loan changes beginNational context · First Workforce Pell program approved · 2026-08-04First Workforce Pell approval● Montana Legislature · 2● U.S. Congress · Montana delegation · 0No reviewed actions match these filters.◆ Governor · 0No reviewed actions match these filters.■ Montana agencies · 0No reviewed actions match these filters.2003-12-012026-08-31

2 of 2 reviewed Montana actions match · 2 date markers shown. 20 major events shown separately.

Montana · 2024: 217.2 · Rank #12 of 50, highest first · U.S. benchmark: 215

FactVote uses NAEP Data Service mean scale scores for all public-school students in Montana. The series uses the total student group and the main reading and mathematics composite scales for Grade 4 and Grade 8. NAEP is generally administered every two years; the 2021 administration was postponed, so the timeline moves from 2019 to 2022. NAEP results are estimates from a sample. Statistical significance, not a visual gap alone, determines whether scores differ. Each grade and subject has its own scale. Follow one line over time rather than comparing the numeric distance between grades or subjects. Annual observations use December 31; monthly observations use the first of the month. Lines connect consecutive readings and do not supply values between them. Missing observations break the lines.

View observations and export data
Montana Grade 4 reading · source units
PeriodMontanaRankU.S. benchmark
2024217.2#12 of 50215
2022218.7#11 of 50217.5
2019221.7#18 of 50220.5
2017222.3#24 of 50221.9
2015224.8#18 of 50222.5
2013223#24 of 50221.8
2011225.1#10 of 50221.2
2009224.7#13 of 50220.9
2007226.7#7 of 50221
2005224.6#9 of 50219
2003222.7#11 of 50Not available
How major events are selected

The timeline combines the corresponding national fact’s reviewed event catalog, labeled National context, with individually reviewed state milestones. State events use primary sources and distinguish signing, effective and filing dates. Each milestone keeps its source-check date, geographical limits and evidence limits. This curated selection is not a complete history.

Date ranges affect events and actions. Action type, status and official-name search affect government records only. Events remain separate from action counts. An event after the latest observation extends context without creating a new reading.

Montana · state comparison

Adult educational attainment

Adults age 25 and older. Higher credentials overlap: these measures must not be added together.

Montana · 2020–202494.6%
Montana rank#3among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark89.6%Same measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

High school or higher

Share of adults age 25+ with the stated credential or a higher credential.

Point-estimate ranks are not tests of statistical significance.

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Montana stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Montana has a dark outline.

Lower value · 84.7%Higher value · 94.9%Striped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

Montana · 94.6%2020–2024 · Rank #3 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare Montana with every state · 50 ranked
High school or higher · 2020–2024 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1Vermont94.9%—
#2Maine94.8%—
#3Montana · your comparison94.6%—
#4New Hampshire94.4%—
#5Wyoming94.2%—
#6North Dakota94%—
#7Minnesota93.9%—
#8Wisconsin93.6%—
#9Alaska93.6%—
#10Utah93.4%—
#11Iowa93.3%—
#12South Dakota93.2%—
#13Hawaii93.2%—
#14Colorado92.9%—
#15Washington92.3%—
#16Nebraska92.2%—
#17Pennsylvania92.1%—
#18Michigan92.1%—
#19Kansas92%—
#20Idaho91.9%—
#21Missouri91.9%—
#22Oregon91.8%—
#23Ohio91.8%—
#24Delaware91.7%—
#25Virginia91.6%—
#26Connecticut91.5%—
#27Massachusetts91.4%—
#28Maryland91.1%—
#29New Jersey90.7%—
#30Illinois90.5%—
#31Indiana90.4%—
#32North Carolina90.1%—
#33South Carolina90.1%—
#34Tennessee90%—
#35Florida89.9%—
#36Rhode Island89.7%—
#37Oklahoma89.4%—
#38Arizona89.4%—
#39West Virginia89.3%—
#40Georgia89.2%—
#41Kentucky88.9%—
#42Arkansas88.7%—
#43Alabama88.6%—
#44New Mexico88%—
#45New York88%—
#46Nevada87.5%—
#47Louisiana87.3%—
#48Mississippi87.1%—
#49Texas86%—
#50California84.7%—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

Adults with at least a high school diploma

94.6%2020–2024 estimate

Share of Montana residents age 25 and older whose reported attainment is a regular high school diploma or equivalent (including GED or an alternative credential), some college, or an associate’s or higher degree.

This source snapshot keeps its own definition and period. A rank shown elsewhere applies only to that comparison’s measure and period.

Method and limitations

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate.

  • This is an adult educational-attainment measure, not a current high-school graduation rate or a measure of school quality.
  • A statewide estimate can obscure differences across communities and demographic groups.
Montana · state comparison

Are students learning?

NAEP state comparisons use public-school students in the same grade and subject. National benchmarks include public and private schools.

Montana · 2024217.2
Montana rank#12among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark215Same measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

Grade 4 reading

FactVote uses NAEP Data Service mean scale scores for all public-school students in Montana. The series uses the total student group and the main reading and mathematics composite scales for Grade 4 and Grade 8.

NAEP is generally administered every two years; the 2021 administration was postponed, so the timeline moves from 2019 to 2022. NAEP results are estimates from a sample. Statistical significance, not a visual gap alone, determines whether scores differ. Each grade and subject has its own scale. Follow one line over time rather than comparing the numeric distance between grades or subjects.

Hover to inspect. Click or tap to compare that period with every state. Focus the graph and use arrow keys, Home or End to select a period. Press Escape to return to the latest period.

Montana
Grade 4 reading history in Montana213.3220.9228.420032024
2024 · Montana: 217.2 · Rank #12 of 50, highest first · U.S. benchmark: 215 · Selected for state comparison
View history and select a period
Montana Grade 4 reading history
PeriodMontanaCompare
2003222.7
2005224.6
2007226.7
2009224.7
2011225.1
2013223
2015224.8
2017222.3
2019221.7
2022218.7
2024217.2

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Montana stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Montana has a dark outline.

Lower value · 200.6Higher value · 224.8Striped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

Montana · 217.22024 · Rank #12 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare Montana with every state · 50 ranked
Grade 4 reading · 2024 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1Massachusetts224.8—
#2Wyoming221.9—
#3New Jersey221.6—
#4New Hampshire221.5—
#5Colorado220.9—
#6Indiana220.1—
#7Utah219.3—
#8Connecticut219.2—
#9Mississippi218.5—
#10Florida218.2—
#11Kentucky218—
#12Montana · your comparison217.2—
#13Rhode Island216.3—
#14Louisiana216—
#14Ohio216—
#16Hawaii215.8—
#16Pennsylvania215.8—
#18Idaho215.7—
#18Washington215.7—
#20Maryland215.6—
#21North Dakota215.5—
#22Wisconsin215.3—
#23Tennessee215.1—
#24South Carolina214.9—
#25Iowa214.6—
#25New York214.6—
#27Georgia214.4—
#27Minnesota214.4—
#29Illinois214.2—
#30South Dakota214.1—
#30Virginia214.1—
#32North Carolina213.4—
#33Alabama213.2—
#34Kansas213.1—
#34Nevada213.1—
#36Vermont212.7—
#37Missouri211.9—
#37Texas211.9—
#39California211.7—
#39Nebraska211.7—
#41Arkansas209.7—
#42Maine209.6—
#43Delaware209.5—
#44Michigan209.1—
#45Arizona208.1—
#46Oklahoma207.3—
#47Oregon207—
#48West Virginia205.9—
#49Alaska201.6—
#50New Mexico200.6—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

Montana · state comparison

Where does school funding go?

Compare spending per pupil and the composition of school revenue and current spending.

Montana · FY2024$13,656
Montana rank#38among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$17,619Same measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

Current spending per pupil

Public elementary-secondary current spending per enrolled pupil.

Current spending excludes capital spending. More spending is not itself a measure of student outcomes.

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Montana stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Montana has a dark outline.

Lower value · $11.06KHigher value · $31.92KStriped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

Montana · $13,656FY2024 · Rank #38 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare Montana with every state · 50 ranked
Current spending per pupil · FY2024 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1New York$31,918—
#2Vermont$28,818—
#3New Jersey$27,234—
#4Connecticut$26,316—
#5Massachusetts$24,429—
#6Hawaii$23,878—
#7New Hampshire$22,978—
#8Delaware$22,201—
#9Rhode Island$22,110—
#10Illinois$21,776—
#11Pennsylvania$21,091—
#12Alaska$21,004—
#13California$20,791—
#14Wyoming$20,521—
#15Maryland$20,208—
#16Maine$19,962—
#17Washington$18,564—
#18Michigan$18,314—
#19Oregon$18,083—
#20New Mexico$17,664—
#21Ohio$17,257—
#22Virginia$17,104—
#23North Dakota$17,102—
#24Minnesota$17,098—
#25Nebraska$16,147—
#26Wisconsin$15,952—
#27Colorado$15,908—
#28Georgia$15,833—
#29West Virginia$15,640—
#30Louisiana$15,581—
#31Kansas$15,558—
#32South Carolina$15,060—
#33Nevada$14,812—
#34Kentucky$14,596—
#35Iowa$14,369—
#36Missouri$14,241—
#37Arkansas$13,873—
#38Montana · your comparison$13,656—
#39Alabama$13,627—
#40Indiana$13,622—
#41North Carolina$12,995—
#42Texas$12,895—
#43Tennessee$12,882—
#44South Dakota$12,828—
#45Florida$12,693—
#46Mississippi$12,324—
#47Oklahoma$12,162—
#48Arizona$12,003—
#49Utah$11,347—
#50Idaho$11,060—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

Montana · state comparison

Are students finishing school?

The federal comparison uses a common adjusted cohort and school year. A newer state graduation snapshot, where retained, uses its own source and period; adult attainment is a separate measure.

Montana · 2021–2286%
Montana rank#25among 48 states with data
U.S. benchmark87%Same measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

Federal public-school cohort graduation rate

Share of the adjusted ninth-grade public-school cohort graduating in four years. From 2017–18, the federal measure counts regular diplomas and eligible state-defined alternate diplomas for students with the most significant cognitive disabilities; earlier years count regular diplomas only.

Published NCES state comparison through 2021–22. Rounded whole percentages produce tied ranks. Missing or suppressed values are excluded. Any newer state graduation snapshot uses its own period and cannot inherit this rank.

Hover to inspect. Click or tap to compare that period with every state. Focus the graph and use arrow keys, Home or End to select a period. Press Escape to return to the latest period.

Montana
Federal public-school cohort graduation rate history in Montana79%83.5%88.1%2011–122021–22
2021–22 · Montana: 86% · Rank #25 of 48, highest first · U.S. benchmark: 87% · Selected for state comparison
View history and select a period
Montana Federal public-school cohort graduation rate history
PeriodMontanaCompare
2011–1284%
2012–1384%
2013–1485%
2014–1586%
2015–1686%
2016–1786%
2017–1886%
2018–1987%
2019–2086%
2020–2186%
2021–2286%

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Montana stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Montana has a dark outline.

Lower value · 77%Higher value · 91%Striped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

Montana · 86%2021–22 · Rank #25 of 48, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare Montana with every state · 48 ranked, 2 unavailable
Federal public-school cohort graduation rate · 2021–22 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1West Virginia91%—
#2Iowa90%—
#2Kentucky90%—
#2Massachusetts90%—
#2Missouri90%—
#2Tennessee90%—
#2Texas90%—
#2Wisconsin90%—
#9Connecticut89%—
#9Kansas89%—
#9Mississippi89%—
#9Virginia89%—
#13Alabama88%—
#13Arkansas88%—
#13Delaware88%—
#13Indiana88%—
#13New Hampshire88%—
#13Utah88%—
#19California87%—
#19Florida87%—
#19Illinois87%—
#19Nebraska87%—
#19New York87%—
#19Pennsylvania87%—
#25Hawaii86%—
#25Maine86%—
#25Maryland86%—
#25Montana · your comparison86%—
#25North Carolina86%—
#25Ohio86%—
#31New Jersey85%—
#31North Dakota85%—
#33Georgia84%—
#33Minnesota84%—
#33South Carolina84%—
#33Washington84%—
#37Louisiana83%—
#37Rhode Island83%—
#37Vermont83%—
#40Colorado82%—
#40Nevada82%—
#40South Dakota82%—
#40Wyoming82%—
#44Michigan81%—
#44Oregon81%—
#46Idaho80%—
#47Alaska78%—
#48Arizona77%—
—New MexicoNot availableNo comparable published observation for this period; excluded from rank.
—OklahomaNot availableNo comparable published observation for this period; excluded from rank.

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

Montana · state comparison

College costs, attendance, and earnings

Published charges describe prices before aid. Costs and outcomes require their own definitions and populations.

Montana · 2022–23$7,299
Montana rank#45among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$9,750Same measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

Public four-year in-state tuition and fees

Average published annual charges at degree-granting postsecondary institutions in the state.

2022–23 academic year, current dollars. Tuition averages are weighted by undergraduate enrollment; room and board use the NCES reporting universe. Charges exclude aid and do not equal a typical student’s net cost.

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Montana stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Montana has a dark outline.

Lower value · $4.54KHigher value · $17.6KStriped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

Montana · $7,2992022–23 · Rank #45 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare Montana with every state · 50 ranked
Public four-year in-state tuition and fees · 2022–23 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1Vermont$17,600—
#2New Hampshire$17,019—
#3Pennsylvania$16,217—
#4Connecticut$15,763—
#5New Jersey$15,265—
#6Illinois$14,921—
#7Virginia$14,825—
#8Rhode Island$14,744—
#9Michigan$14,718—
#10Massachusetts$14,345—
#11Minnesota$12,873—
#12South Carolina$12,604—
#13Oregon$12,424—
#14Delaware$11,922—
#15Arizona$11,768—
#16Kentucky$11,299—
#17Alabama$11,081—
#18Ohio$10,922—
#19Maine$10,813—
#20Hawaii$10,484—
#21Tennessee$10,437—
#22Iowa$10,121—
#23Maryland$10,041—
#24Missouri$9,926—
#25Indiana$9,886—
#26Louisiana$9,843—
#27Colorado$9,798—
#28North Dakota$9,728—
#29Kansas$9,274—
#30Mississippi$9,120—
#31South Dakota$9,079—
#32Wisconsin$8,974—
#33Arkansas$8,879—
#34Nebraska$8,862—
#35West Virginia$8,715—
#36California$8,637—
#37New York$8,575—
#38Oklahoma$8,519—
#39Alaska$8,291—
#40Texas$8,195—
#41Washington$8,006—
#42Idaho$7,640—
#43New Mexico$7,526—
#44North Carolina$7,327—
#45Montana · your comparison$7,299—
#46Utah$7,215—
#47Georgia$7,075—
#48Nevada$6,723—
#49Wyoming$5,100—
#50Florida$4,540—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

What candidates are saying

Explore statements about schools, learning, college costs and educational attainment from FactVote’s Montana candidate profiles. Compare candidates within each recorded race, with each person’s matching statements kept together. These are candidate and campaign statements, not verified outcomes.

33 statements from 6 candidates

2026 Montana U.S. House — District 1 — General Election

2 candidates with matching statements · 2 statements

Aaron Flint

1 statement

Republican · U.S. House District 1 · MT

Schools & education

1. Ban Wall Street from buying single-family homes. 2. The HELPER Act which authorizes federally backed mortgages for first responders and school teachers to buy a home in the community they serve. 3. Invest in programs that lead to good-paying jobs like the trades, logging, and manufacturing. 4. Ma…

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: On the Issues

Candidate campaign source

1. Ban Wall Street from buying single-family homes. 2. The HELPER Act which authorizes federally backed mortgages for first responders and school teachers to buy a home in the community they serve. 3. Invest in programs that lead to good-paying jobs like the trades, logging, and manufacturing. 4. Make permanent the recent working families tax breaks like no tax on tips, overtime, and Social Security. 5. Unleash American energy for abundant and affordable energy to power our homes and businesses.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 18, 2026

Aaron Flint campaign source 2 ↗

2026 Montana U.S. House — District 2 — General Election

2 candidates with matching statements · 9 statements

Brian J. Miller

1 statement

Democratic · U.S. House District 2 · MT

Schools & education

I'll finish with this. When I was in law school, I took constitutional law from a professor by the name of Robert Natelson. Some of you may be familiar with Professor Natelson, as he was a longtime conservative political figure here in Montana and once ran for Governor of Montana (he now lives in Co…

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Democracy, ethics, and the rule of law

Candidate campaign source

I'll finish with this. When I was in law school, I took constitutional law from a professor by the name of Robert Natelson. Some of you may be familiar with Professor Natelson, as he was a longtime conservative political figure here in Montana and once ran for Governor of Montana (he now lives in Colorado, I believe). One of the things I remember that Professor Natelson told us was this: He said that the Founders, most of whom were lawyers, practiced the law of estates, and that in estate law, there is a concept of known as the “fiduciary duty”, meaning that the person who is overseeing this estate or the will has a fiduciary duty to the beneficiaries of the will to always act in their best interest and not their own. Professor Natelson told us that this was how the Founders intended the relationship between the people and the representatives in Congress to be, and that Members of Congress were to act as fiduciaries for the People they represent. I've always taken this lesson seriously to heart, and if you put me in Congress, I'll do the best I can to implement it. I will always act with the best interests of the People in mind.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 16, 2026

Brian J. Miller — candidate-owned primary source 6 ↗

Independent · U.S. House District 2 · MT

Schools & education

I do not think that it was wise to shut down the federal Department of Education. The department currently oversees vital programs like Title I ($18.4 billion for low-income schools), Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA; $15.5 billion for special education), and the federal student loa…

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

I do not think that it was wise to shut down the federal Department of Education. The department currently oversees vital programs like Title I ($18.4 billion for low-income schools), Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA; $15.5 billion for special education), and the federal student loan system ($1.6 trillion in loans). The arguments about the federal Department of Education controlling school curricula or agenda items is largely false. The very high majority of control over public school curriculum is shared between local school boards and state education departments.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Michael D. Eisenhauer — candidate-owned primary source 4 ↗
View 7 more statements from Michael D. Eisenhauer
Schools & education

Abolishing the Department of Education entirely

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

Abolishing the Department of Education entirely

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Michael D. Eisenhauer — candidate-owned primary source 4 ↗
Schools & education

Incentives for students seeking trade school or community college education

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

Incentives for students seeking trade school or community college education

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Michael D. Eisenhauer — candidate-owned primary source 4 ↗
Schools & education

Fund school lunches for those who need it, without question

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

Fund school lunches for those who need it, without question

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Michael D. Eisenhauer — candidate-owned primary source 4 ↗
Schools & education

Increased transportation funding for rural or consolidated schools

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

Increased transportation funding for rural or consolidated schools

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Michael D. Eisenhauer — candidate-owned primary source 4 ↗
Schools & education

Programs to freeze or reduce tuition and fees for colleges and universities

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

Programs to freeze or reduce tuition and fees for colleges and universities

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Michael D. Eisenhauer — candidate-owned primary source 4 ↗
Schools & education

Resources for teacher training

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

Resources for teacher training

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Michael D. Eisenhauer — candidate-owned primary source 4 ↗
Schools & education

Blanket student loan forgiveness

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

Blanket student loan forgiveness

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Michael D. Eisenhauer — candidate-owned primary source 4 ↗

2026 Montana U.S. Senate — General Election

2 candidates with matching statements · 22 statements

Alani Bankhead

21 statements

Democratic · U.S. Senate · MT

Schools & education

✓ Keep federal education dollars in public schools: defend Title I funding for the schools serving Montana’s highest-need kids, and oppose federal voucher and tax-credit schemes that route public money to private schools with no accountability to the families paying for it.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

✓ Keep federal education dollars in public schools: defend Title I funding for the schools serving Montana’s highest-need kids, and oppose federal voucher and tax-credit schemes that route public money to private schools with no accountability to the families paying for it.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
View 20 more statements from Alani Bankhead
Schools & education

✓ Invest in infrastructure to replace crumbling schools.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

✓ Invest in infrastructure to replace crumbling schools.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Catch disabilities early, and get the assessment right. Fund IDEA Part C early intervention so kids are identified before they fall behind, require culturally and linguistically valid evaluation so no child is mislabeled, and meet the federal government’s direct obligation to Bureau of Indian Educ…

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

✓ Catch disabilities early, and get the assessment right. Fund IDEA Part C early intervention so kids are identified before they fall behind, require culturally and linguistically valid evaluation so no child is mislabeled, and meet the federal government’s direct obligation to Bureau of Indian Education schools.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Defend Section 504 and the ADA in schools, and oppose Montana’s participation in the multistate lawsuit against Section 504.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Civil rights and individual freedom

Candidate campaign source

✓ Defend Section 504 and the ADA in schools, and oppose Montana’s participation in the multistate lawsuit against Section 504.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Protect the federal funding underneath Indian Education for All: Title VI Indian Education, Johnson-O’Malley, and Impact Aid for districts serving reservation communities.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

✓ Protect the federal funding underneath Indian Education for All: Title VI Indian Education, Johnson-O’Malley, and Impact Aid for districts serving reservation communities.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Fund multiple pathways: college, vo-tech, and small-business ownership.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

✓ Fund multiple pathways: college, vo-tech, and small-business ownership.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Keep politics out of medicine: honest medical guidance free of ideology, in what schools teach and what insurance covers.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Health care

Candidate campaign source

✓ Keep politics out of medicine: honest medical guidance free of ideology, in what schools teach and what insurance covers.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Close the services cliff at 21, so young people aging out of school services are not left with nowhere to land.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

✓ Close the services cliff at 21, so young people aging out of school services are not left with nowhere to land.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Invest in American leadership in AI, quantum computing, and biotechnology through public research, our universities, and the people who power it, and keep us ahead of our adversaries.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: National security, foreign policy, technology, and veterans

Candidate campaign source

✓ Invest in American leadership in AI, quantum computing, and biotechnology through public research, our universities, and the people who power it, and keep us ahead of our adversaries.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Protect the Medicaid dollars that pay for school services. Montana schools and cooperatives bill Medicaid for the speech, occupational and physical therapy, school psychologist, audiology and personal-care paraprofessional services written into a child’s IEP. A Medicaid cut is a special-education …

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Health care

Candidate campaign source

✓ Protect the Medicaid dollars that pay for school services. Montana schools and cooperatives bill Medicaid for the speech, occupational and physical therapy, school psychologist, audiology and personal-care paraprofessional services written into a child’s IEP. A Medicaid cut is a special-education cut, and it lands hardest on the rural districts that already share those staff.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Rebuild the staffing pipeline with the federal levers that already exist: IDEA Part D personnel preparation grants, Title II-A, TEACH Grants, and Teacher Quality Partnership grants, so districts can hire and keep special-education teachers and paraeducators.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

✓ Rebuild the staffing pipeline with the federal levers that already exist: IDEA Part D personnel preparation grants, Title II-A, TEACH Grants, and Teacher Quality Partnership grants, so districts can hire and keep special-education teachers and paraeducators.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Back an independent investigation into the strikes on civilians, including the Minab girls’ school, and support holding those who ordered them accountable, including through the International Criminal Court.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: National security, foreign policy, technology, and veterans

Candidate campaign source

✓ Back an independent investigation into the strikes on civilians, including the Minab girls’ school, and support holding those who ordered them accountable, including through the International Criminal Court.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Reopen the gutted civil-rights offices: the EEOC for workplace discrimination and the Education Department’s Office for Civil Rights for students, so a complaint gets a real answer.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

✓ Reopen the gutted civil-rights offices: the EEOC for workplace discrimination and the Education Department’s Office for Civil Rights for students, so a complaint gets a real answer.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Fix the shortage at its root — loan forgiveness for providers who serve rural and tribal Montana, and take on the runaway cost of a medical education that keeps the pipeline too small.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Health care

Candidate campaign source

✓ Fix the shortage at its root — loan forgiveness for providers who serve rural and tribal Montana, and take on the runaway cost of a medical education that keeps the pipeline too small.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Back the IDEA Full Funding Act (Washington promised 40% of special-ed costs and pays about 13%), make Secure Rural Schools funding permanent, and expand Workforce Pell for vo-tech and the trades.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

✓ Back the IDEA Full Funding Act (Washington promised 40% of special-ed costs and pays about 13%), make Secure Rural Schools funding permanent, and expand Workforce Pell for vo-tech and the trades.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Keep federal education dollars in public schools, where students with disabilities keep their IDEA and Section 504 protections, instead of routing public money to private schools with no accountability to the families paying for it.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Civil rights and individual freedom

Candidate campaign source

✓ Keep federal education dollars in public schools, where students with disabilities keep their IDEA and Section 504 protections, instead of routing public money to private schools with no accountability to the families paying for it.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Grow our own doctors: wipe out medical-school debt for those who serve rural Montana, and lift the frozen cap on residency slots.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Health care

Candidate campaign source

✓ Grow our own doctors: wipe out medical-school debt for those who serve rural Montana, and lift the frozen cap on residency slots.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Rebuild the teacher pipeline. Montana has a statewide teacher shortage, and the federal levers are real: Title II-A, TEACH Grants, and Teacher Quality Partnership grants that pay for teacher preparation and put mentors in front of new teachers so they make it past year three.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

✓ Rebuild the teacher pipeline. Montana has a statewide teacher shortage, and the federal levers are real: Title II-A, TEACH Grants, and Teacher Quality Partnership grants that pay for teacher preparation and put mentors in front of new teachers so they make it past year three.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Build a Montana tech economy on our university research and clean power, so the jobs and the value stay here.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Taxes, economy, workers, agriculture, and affordability

Candidate campaign source

✓ Build a Montana tech economy on our university research and clean power, so the jobs and the value stay here.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Rebuild the DOJ Civil Rights Division: fully staff the lawyers who enforce the anti-discrimination laws again, in jobs, housing, lending, schools, and at the ballot box.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

✓ Rebuild the DOJ Civil Rights Division: fully staff the lawyers who enforce the anti-discrimination laws again, in jobs, housing, lending, schools, and at the ballot box.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Schools & education

✓ Require enforceable community benefit agreements as a condition of federal support: a real share into local schools, research, and nonprofits, and no leaving Montana dotted with empty warehouses after barely a decade.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education

Candidate campaign source

✓ Require enforceable community benefit agreements as a condition of federal support: a real share into local schools, research, and nonprofits, and no leaving Montana dotted with empty warehouses after barely a decade.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗

Seth Bodnar

1 statement

Independent · U.S. Senate · MT

Schools & education

Fully fund rural K-12 schools and fight for federal rural school support, including programs like REAP, that Montana currently receives too little of relative to its needs.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Pillar One — Making The Montana Way of Life A Reality Again

Candidate campaign source

Fully fund rural K-12 schools and fight for federal rural school support, including programs like REAP, that Montana currently receives too little of relative to its needs.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 18, 2026

Seth Bodnar campaign source 2 ↗
How statements are selected

This section matches specific schools, learning, college costs and educational attainment terms in retained, attributed source text from published Montana candidate profiles. A profile heading or biography alone does not qualify. The Florida geography is fixed; saved state preferences cannot change these results. A mention can concern a community or group rather than Florida’s statewide measure.

Matching is automatic and does not establish a candidate’s stance, the accuracy of a claim, or an effect on the measured result. Results are grouped by recorded race, then by candidate name. Within each candidate, the matching issue mentions appear first. Only candidates with matching retained statements are shown; this is not a complete race roster. Repeated identical text for the same candidate is shown once. Coverage follows the existing state profiles and is not a complete record of all candidates or everything they have said. Review dates are not statement dates.

Montana incumbents

What incumbents are proposing

Explore reviewed bills sponsored by current Montana legislators and Montana’s congressional delegation, plus retained proposals from Montana’s governor and agencies. Each record keeps its latest recorded status and official evidence.

2 matching sponsorships or proposals · 2 Montana incumbents. These filters apply only to this section.

Rep. Ed Buttrey

Montana House of Representatives, District 21 · R–MT

1 proposal
View proposals from Rep. Ed Buttrey
Montana Legislature · HB 245

AN ACT REVISING THE WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT PROVISIONS AND THE TERMINATION DATE OF THE HEALTHY MONTANA HEALTH AND ECONOMIC LIVELIHOOD PARTNERSHIP ACT; REMOVING THE REQUIREMENT FOR CONTRACTING FOR TRAINING AND EDUCATION PROGRAMS; AMENDING SECTION 39-12-103, MCA; REPEALING SECTION 28, CHAPTER 368, LAWS OF 2015, SECTIONS 38 AND 48, CHAPTER 415, LAWS OF 2019, SECTION 17, CHAPTER 456, LAWS OF 2019, AND SECTIONS 3 AND 4, CHAPTER 318, LAWS OF 2021; AND PROVIDING EFFECTIVE DATES

Mar 27, 2025 · Enacted · Chapter 35

Rep. Ed Buttrey · Sponsored / Rep. Eric Albus · Co-sponsored / Rep. Brad Barker · Co-sponsored / Rep. David Bedey · Co-sponsored / Rep. Julie Darling · Co-sponsored / Rep. Llew Jones · Co-sponsored / Rep. Valerie Moore · Co-sponsored / Rep. George Nikolakakos · Co-sponsored / Rep. Melissa Nikolakakos · Co-sponsored / Rep. Greg Oblander · Co-sponsored / Rep. Gary Parry · Co-sponsored / Rep. Curtis Schomer · Co-sponsored / Rep. Eric Tilleman · Co-sponsored / Rep. Ken Walsh · Co-sponsored / Sen. Bruce "Butch" Gillespie · Co-sponsored / Sen. Josh Kassmier · Co-sponsored / Sen. Gayle Lammers · Co-sponsored / Sen. Denley Loge · Co-sponsored / Sen. Wendy McKamey · Co-sponsored / Sen. Russ Tempel · Co-sponsored

FactVote reviewed summary

HB 245 repeals the HELP Act termination provisions and revises workforce-development services for people receiving expanded Medicaid coverage. It directs contact and assessment assistance for participants subject to community-engagement requirements and removes the requirement to contract for those services. The workforce section specifies October 1, 2025; other provisions specify passage and approval. This connection concerns continued coverage authority, not proof of enrollment, implementation of work requirements or an uninsured-rate change.

The legislative docket records “Signed by Governor” and chapter 35. The displayed date is the docket timestamp, not an independently verified original execution date. Enactment does not prove implementation or current enforceability.

Why this record is included

The fact measures the uninsured share of residents under 65. Repealing the HELP Act termination provisions concerns continued Medicaid eligibility for qualifying adults, a subset of that population. The relationship does not establish enrollment numbers or a change in the uninsured share. This relationship does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain its earlier value.

Retained Montana evidence context: People under 65 without health insurance. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

Section 1. Section 39-12-103, MCA, is amended to read: "39-12-103. Montana HELP Act workforce development -- participation . (1) The department shall provide individuals receiving assistance for health care services pursuant to Title 53, chapter 6, part 13, with the option of participating in an employment or reemployment assessment in the workforce development program provided for in 39-12-101 to allow the participant to increase the participant's earning capacity and economic stability. The assessment must identify any probable barriers to employment that exist for the individual. (2) The department shall contact each program participant subject to the community engagement requirements of 53-6-1308 and assist the participant with completion of an employment or reemployment assessment. Based on the results of the assessment, the department shall provide the participant with workforce development services. (3) Allowable workforce development services include: (a) education and training; and (b) supportive services that assist a program participant with the items or services necessary to participate in the workforce, including but not limited to supportive services involving clothing, transportation, and equipment needed to obtain or maintain employment. (4) Entities contracting to provide workforce development services shall report quarterly to the department on the activities provided. At a minimum, the entities shall report on: (a) the number of clients enrolled in program activities and co-enrolled in other workforce programs; (b) the types of services provided; (c) the number of clients who attained a credential or gained a measurable skill; (d) the number of clients who exited the program; (e) the number of clients who exited the program to employment; (f) the number of clients who continued enrollment in the program; (g) the amount and type of outreach the entity has done to recruit program participants; and (h) the amount of money spent directly on participants. (5) (a) The department shall notify the department of public health and human services when a participant has received all services and assistance under subsection (1) that can reasonably be provided to the individual. (b) The department is not required to provide further services under this section after it has provided the notification provided for in subsection (5)(a). (c) A participant who is no longer receiving services under this section does not meet the criteria of 53-6-1307(6)(c) for the exemption granted under 53-6-1307(6). (6) The department shall report the following information to the legislative finance committee and the children, families, health, and human services interim committee in accordance with 5-11-210: (a) the activities undertaken to establish the employer grant program provided for in 39-12-106; (b) the number of employers receiving grant awards and the number and types of activities, training, or jobs the employers provided; and (c) the services provided and the total cost of providing workforce development services under this chapter, including related administrative costs. (7) To the extent possible, the department of public health and human services shall offset the cost of workforce development activities provided under this section by using temporary assistance for needy families reserve funds. (8) The department shall reduce fraud, waste, and abuse in determining and reviewing eligibility for unemployment insurance benefits by enhancing technology system support to provide knowledge-based authentication for verifying the identity and employment status of individuals seeking benefits, including the use of public records to confirm identity and to flag changes in demographics. " Section 2. Repealer. Section 28, Chapter 368, Laws of 2015, sections 38 and 48, Chapter 415, Laws of 2019, section 17, Chapter 456, Laws of 2019, and sections 3 and 4, Chapter 318, Laws of 2021, are repealed. Section 3. Effective dates. (1) Except as provided in subsection (2), [this act] is effective on passage and approval. (2) [Section 1] is effective on October 1, 2025.
Review official supporting evidence ↗

Rep. Fiona Nave

Montana House of Representatives, District 56 · R–MT

1 proposal
View proposals from Rep. Fiona Nave
Montana Legislature · HB 595

AN ACT REQUIRING THE DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS TO OFFER A MONTANA CORRECTIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAM FOR INMATES; REQUIRING THE CORRECTIONAL EDUCATION PROGRAM TO PROVIDE HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY AND ADULT BASIC EDUCATION PROGRAMS; PROVIDING QUALIFICATIONS FOR AN INSTRUCTOR OF THE HIGH SCHOOL EQUIVALENCY AND ADULT BASIC EDUCATION PROGRAMS; REQUIRING THE DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS TO ADOPT CERTAIN POLICIES; AND PROVIDING AN EFFECTIVE DATE

May 1, 2025 · Enacted · Chapter 321

Rep. Fiona Nave · Sponsored / Rep. Kerri Seekins-Crowe · Co-sponsored

FactVote reviewed summary

HB 595 requires a correctional education program offering inmates opportunities for high school equivalency diplomas and adult basic education in state prison. Instructors must be at least 18, of good moral character, and provide proof of at least one qualifying credential: an associate degree in any field, a bachelor’s degree in any field, another state’s teaching certificate, or prior teaching experience including qualifying military training and experience. The department may not require a Montana teacher or specialist certificate and may set inmate eligibility policies. The law specifies July 1, 2025; it does not establish how many adults completed diplomas.

The legislative docket records “Signed by Governor” and chapter 321. The displayed date is the docket timestamp, not an independently verified original execution date. Enactment does not prove implementation or current enforceability.

Why this record is included

The fact measures high school diploma-or-higher attainment among adults 25 and older. Prison high school equivalency programs concern an education pathway for a subset of those adults. Program availability and instructor qualifications are not completed diplomas. This relationship does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain its earlier value.

Retained Montana evidence context: Adults with at least a high school diploma. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

Section 1. Montana correctional education program -- instructor qualifications. (1) There is a Montana correctional education program within the department of corrections. The Montana correctional education program shall offer a program for inmates to participate in opportunities in the state prison to further their education, including but not limited to programs to attain a high school equivalency diploma and to participate in adult basic education. (2) To be eligible to be an instructor for a high school equivalency diploma program or an adult basic education program in the state prison, a person: (a) must be 18 years of age or older; (b) must be of good moral character; and (c) shall provide proof that the person has at least one of the following qualifications: (i) completion of an associate degree in any field; (ii) completion of a bachelor's degree in any field; (iii) a teaching certificate issued by another state; or (iv) prior teaching experience, including prior military training and experience pursuant to 37-1-145. (3) The department of corrections may not require that an instructor hold a Montana teacher or specialist certificate issued by the superintendent of public instruction. (4) The department of corrections may adopt policies to determine which inmates are eligible to participate in the Montana correctional education program.
Review official supporting evidence ↗
What sponsorship and proposal counts tell us

Only current Montana officeholders retained in the reviewed collection qualify. Bills require a recorded primary sponsorship; cosponsors and signing officials are excluded from sponsorship counts. An official introducer recorded as acting by request is labeled “Introduced by request”; that procedural role does not establish personal policy endorsement. Governor and agency records qualify when recorded as proposed. A separately verified governor transmittal can also establish an original proposal whose latest status reflects its later outcome. Signing an enacted law alone does not establish a proposal. A record appearing under several facts is counted once per officeholder. A bill with multiple primary sponsors appears under each recorded sponsor.

Enacted bills, adopted resolutions and unsuccessful measures remain visible as proposal history. Passing one chamber is not enactment. These counts do not measure effectiveness or prove that an action changed a Montana statistic. Collection reviewed Sep 16, 2026.