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Montana · individual fact

Montana budget, debt, and interest

Montana state-government finances, comparable debt and interest figures, and the enacted budget.

The national companion measures federal finances. Here the unit is Montana state government. Federal debt is not allocated to Montana; a state budget is not the federal budget.

State debt outstanding$2.76BFY2024 · #47 of 50 · highest first
Interest expenditure$138.55MFY2024 · #43 of 50 · highest first
Total state tax collections$4.72BFY2024 · #45 of 50 · highest first

Montana over time

Explore Montana readings, major events and reviewed actions on the same date scale. Montana officeholders appear in separate lanes. National event evidence describes national context; it does not measure a Montana effect.

Major events & context · A curated selection, including uncertain effects. Milestone dates do not establish that an event caused a Montana change.

Enacted / issuedDid not proceedPending / in progressStatus unclear

Colors show the latest recorded status. Passing one chamber is not enactment. A number groups actions with the same date, body and status.

No comparable time series is retained for this topic. The chart shows events and reviewed actions; current state comparisons appear below.

Montana government actions Montana · source units

Move across the chart to inspect the nearest observation. Click or tap to keep a reading selected, or focus the chart and use the arrow keys. Hover over or focus a marker to explore; click or tap to pin. Press Escape to clear.

Events and reviewed actionsNo saved observations in this range.Sep 1, 2005Feb 28, 2026
✦ Major events & context · 50National context · Hurricane Katrina emergency appropriations · 2005-09-08Katrina relief fundingNational context · Medicare prescription drug benefit begins · 2006-01-01Medicare Part D beginsNational context · Iraq and Afghanistan war funding assessment · 2007-07-31War funding assessmentNational context · Economic Stimulus Act tax rebates · 2008-02-132008 tax rebatesNational context · Treasury support for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac · 2008-09-07Fannie / Freddie supportNational context · Great Financial Crisis and Great Recession · 2008-09-15Great Financial CrisisNational context · Emergency stabilization law creates TARP · 2008-10-03TARP stabilizationNational context · Federal Reserve cuts rates close to zero · 2008-12-16Fed near-zero ratesNational context · American Recovery and Reinvestment Act · 2009-02-17Recovery ActNational context · Affordable Care Act changes health financing · 2010-03-23Health-care financing lawNational context · Tax extensions and payroll-tax relief · 2010-12-172010 tax / benefit dealNational context · Budget Control Act and debt-limit agreement · 2011-08-022011 budget agreementNational context · S&P lowers the U.S. sovereign credit rating · 2011-08-05S&P rating downgradeNational context · Fiscal-cliff tax agreement · 2013-01-02Fiscal-cliff agreementNational context · Automatic federal spending cuts begin · 2013-03-01Federal spending cutsNational context · Shutdown ends and debt limit is suspended · 2013-10-172013 funding / debt dealNational context · Bipartisan Budget Act of 2013 · 2013-12-262013 budget caps dealNational context · Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 · 2015-11-022015 budget / debt dealNational context · Fed begins lifting rates after the crisis · 2015-12-16Fed rate normalizationNational context · 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act · 2017-12-222017 tax lawNational context · Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 · 2018-02-092018 budget / debt dealNational context · 2018–19 partial government shutdown · 2018-12-222018–19 funding lapseNational context · Bipartisan Budget Act of 2019 · 2019-08-022019 budget / debt dealNational context · COVID-19 pandemic · 2020-03-11COVID-19 pandemicNational context · Emergency rate cuts and Treasury purchases · 2020-03-15Fed pandemic responseNational context · CARES Act pandemic relief · 2020-03-27CARES Act reliefNational context · Further pandemic relief and annual funding · 2020-12-27December pandemic reliefNational context · American Rescue Plan · 2021-03-11American Rescue PlanNational context · Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act · 2021-11-15Infrastructure fundingNational context · Congress raises the debt limit after two impasses · 2021-12-162021 debt-limit increaseNational context · Federal Reserve begins 2022 rate increases · 2022-03-16Fed rate increasesNational context · Semiconductor funding and investment credits · 2022-08-09CHIPS fundingNational context · PACT Act expands veterans’ benefits · 2022-08-10Veterans’ benefits expansionNational context · Inflation Reduction Act changes taxes and spending · 2022-08-16Energy / health / tax lawNational context · Student-loan cancellation cost recorded · 2022-09-30Loan-cost accountingNational context · Inflation and rates raise interest costs above forecasts · 2023-01-09Inflation / interest costsNational context · Fed reports suspension of Treasury payments · 2023-01-13Fed payments suspendedNational context · Disaster tax deadlines move into the next fiscal year · 2023-02-24Disaster tax deferralsNational context · Fiscal Responsibility Act · 2023-06-032023 debt-limit agreementNational context · Fitch lowers the U.S. sovereign credit rating · 2023-08-01Fitch rating downgradeNational context · Student-loan cost reversal lowers recorded outlays · 2023-08-31Loan-cost reversalNational context · National security supplemental funding · 2024-04-24Security supplementalNational context · Federal Reserve begins 2024 rate cuts · 2024-09-182024 Fed rate cutsNational context · Social Security Fairness Act becomes law · 2025-01-05Social Security benefitsNational context · Treasury begins extraordinary measures · 2025-01-21Debt-limit measuresNational context · Broad U.S. tariff announcement · 2025-04-02Tariffs / customs receiptsNational context · Moody’s lowers the U.S. sovereign credit rating · 2025-05-16Moody’s rating downgradeNational context · 2025 tax and spending reconciliation law · 2025-07-042025 tax / spending lawNational context · 2025 federal government shutdown · 2025-10-012025 funding lapseNational context · Supreme Court rejects IEEPA tariff authority · 2026-02-20Tariff authority ruling● Montana Legislature · 0No reviewed actions match these filters.● U.S. Congress · Montana delegation · 0No reviewed actions match these filters.◆ Governor · 0No reviewed actions match these filters.■ Montana agencies · 0No reviewed actions match these filters.2005-09-012026-02-28

0 of 0 reviewed Montana actions match · 0 date markers shown. 50 major events shown separately.

How major events are selected

The timeline combines the corresponding national fact’s reviewed event catalog, labeled National context, with individually reviewed state milestones. State events use primary sources and distinguish signing, effective and filing dates. Each milestone keeps its source-check date, geographical limits and evidence limits. This curated selection is not a complete history.

Date ranges affect events and actions. Action type, status and official-name search affect government records only. Events remain separate from action counts. An event after the latest observation extends context without creating a new reading.

Montana · state comparison

State debt and interest

Compare state-government balances and interest expenditure from the same Census fiscal-year survey.

Montana · FY2024$2.76B
Montana rank#47among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$1.1TSame measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

State debt outstanding

Long-term debt outstanding plus short-term debt outstanding at fiscal year end.

State governments only, Census level 2; amounts converted from thousands to dollars. Fiscal-year ending dates differ among states. Excludes local-government debt. Dollar ranks describe scale, not credit quality.

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Montana stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Montana has a dark outline.

Lower value · $728.59MHigher value · $166.39BStriped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

Montana · $2.76BFY2024 · Rank #47 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare Montana with every state · 50 ranked
State debt outstanding · FY2024 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1California$166.39B—
#2New York$120.59B—
#3Texas$70.05B—
#4Massachusetts$65.87B—
#5New Jersey$57.23B—
#6Pennsylvania$48.67B—
#7Illinois$43.38B—
#8Virginia$33.73B—
#9Connecticut$33.27B—
#10Ohio$32.29B—
#11Washington$30.62B—
#12Maryland$25.9B—
#13Michigan$25.02B—
#14Colorado$23.57B—
#15Wisconsin$22.79B—
#16Florida$20.14B—
#17Minnesota$17.03B—
#18Oregon$16.91B—
#19Louisiana$16.09B—
#20South Carolina$15.36B—
#21West Virginia$15.08B—
#22Georgia$14.05B—
#23North Carolina$13.13B—
#24Hawaii$11.72B—
#25Rhode Island$11.41B—
#26Alabama$10.99B—
#27Oklahoma$10.15B—
#28Kentucky$10.08B—
#29Tennessee$9.03B—
#30Indiana$8.52B—
#31Iowa$8.06B—
#32Arkansas$8.05B—
#33Mississippi$7.72B—
#34New Hampshire$7.58B—
#35Kansas$7.16B—
#36New Mexico$7.12B—
#37Missouri$6.99B—
#38Arizona$6.88B—
#39Alaska$5.72B—
#40Utah$5.55B—
#41Maine$5.3B—
#42North Dakota$4.89B—
#43South Dakota$4.67B—
#44Delaware$3.69B—
#45Nebraska$3.39B—
#46Nevada$2.89B—
#47Montana · your comparison$2.76B—
#48Vermont$2.67B—
#49Wyoming$1.26B—
#50Idaho$728.59M—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

U.S. Census Bureau · 2024 state and local finance public-use data · state-government level ↗
Montana · state comparison

Where state revenue comes from

All measures use Census state-government records for FY2024. Categories describe collections; they do not rank statutory tax rates.

Montana · FY2024$0
Montana rank#47among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$465.4BSame measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

General sales-tax collections

Census category T09.

State governments only, Census level 2; amounts converted from thousands to dollars. Fiscal-year ending dates differ among states.

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Montana stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Montana has a dark outline.

Lower value · $0Higher value · $54.35BStriped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

Montana · $0FY2024 · Rank #47 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare Montana with every state · 50 ranked
General sales-tax collections · FY2024 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1Texas$54.35B—
#2California$53.33B—
#3Florida$40.09B—
#4Washington$22.81B—
#5New York$19.99B—
#6Ohio$16.33B—
#7Illinois$16.05B—
#8Pennsylvania$15.6B—
#9New Jersey$14.31B—
#10Tennessee$14.08B—
#11Arizona$13.16B—
#12Michigan$12.7B—
#13North Carolina$12.16B—
#14Indiana$10.96B—
#15Massachusetts$9.4B—
#16Georgia$9.01B—
#17Minnesota$8.49B—
#18Nevada$8.4B—
#19Wisconsin$7.59B—
#20Virginia$7.4B—
#21Maryland$6.85B—
#22South Carolina$6.44B—
#23Connecticut$6.23B—
#24Kentucky$5.8B—
#25Missouri$5.26B—
#26Mississippi$5.07B—
#27Arkansas$5.07B—
#28Louisiana$4.87B—
#29Hawaii$4.79B—
#30Colorado$4.67B—
#31Iowa$4.64B—
#32Utah$4.63B—
#33Alabama$4.59B—
#34Kansas$4.33B—
#35New Mexico$4.33B—
#36Oklahoma$3.81B—
#37Idaho$3.09B—
#38Nebraska$2.97B—
#39Maine$2.35B—
#40West Virginia$1.82B—
#41South Dakota$1.68B—
#42Rhode Island$1.63B—
#43Oregon$1.34B—
#44North Dakota$1.32B—
#45Wyoming$1.01B—
#46Vermont$597.33M—
#47Alaska$0—
#47Delaware$0—
#47Montana · your comparison$0—
#47New Hampshire$0—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

U.S. Census Bureau · 2024 state and local finance public-use data · state-government level ↗
Montana · state comparison

Where state operating spending goes

Census categories allow consistent comparisons. These selected categories are not a breakdown of the current Montana appropriations act.

Montana · FY2024$2.89B
Montana rank#45among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$1.02TSame measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

Public welfare current operations

Current operations for public welfare institutions and other public welfare, excluding capital and transfers.

State governments only, Census level 2; amounts converted from thousands to dollars. Fiscal-year ending dates differ among states.

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Montana stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Montana has a dark outline.

Lower value · $1.09BHigher value · $156.71BStriped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

Montana · $2.89BFY2024 · Rank #45 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare Montana with every state · 50 ranked
Public welfare current operations · FY2024 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1California$156.71B—
#2New York$97.35B—
#3Texas$57.32B—
#4Illinois$41.13B—
#5Florida$40.11B—
#6Ohio$39.77B—
#7Pennsylvania$39.34B—
#8Massachusetts$34.12B—
#9North Carolina$30.64B—
#10New Jersey$28.06B—
#11Arizona$26.02B—
#12Michigan$24.37B—
#13Virginia$23.68B—
#14Minnesota$23.37B—
#15Indiana$22.93B—
#16Maryland$21.61B—
#17Kentucky$20.54B—
#18Oregon$20.47B—
#19Washington$19.6B—
#20Georgia$18.99B—
#21Louisiana$18.69B—
#22Tennessee$16.42B—
#23Wisconsin$16.26B—
#24Missouri$15.65B—
#25Oklahoma$14.57B—
#26Colorado$13.6B—
#27South Carolina$12.84B—
#28New Mexico$10.72B—
#29Iowa$10.26B—
#30Alabama$9.73B—
#31Arkansas$8.67B—
#32Mississippi$8.08B—
#33Utah$6.91B—
#34Kansas$6.84B—
#35Nevada$6.62B—
#36West Virginia$6.24B—
#37Maine$5.7B—
#38Nebraska$4.97B—
#39Connecticut$4.88B—
#40Rhode Island$4.54B—
#41Hawaii$4.14B—
#42Delaware$3.97B—
#43Idaho$3.73B—
#44Alaska$3.27B—
#45Montana · your comparison$2.89B—
#46New Hampshire$2.72B—
#47Vermont$2.69B—
#48North Dakota$2.09B—
#49South Dakota$1.95B—
#50Wyoming$1.09B—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

U.S. Census Bureau · 2024 state and local finance public-use data · state-government level ↗
Montana · state comparison

State operating costs and the enacted budget

The enacted plan, spending categories and audited activity use different periods and accounting scopes; they are kept separate.

Montana · FY2024$6.44B
Montana rank#46among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$2.04TSame measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

Current operation expenditure

Sum of Census current-operation expenditure categories, excluding capital outlay, interest, and assistance/subsidy expenditure.

State governments only, Census level 2; amounts converted from thousands to dollars. Fiscal-year ending dates differ among states. This FY2024 comparison differs in scope and period from Montana’s 2027 biennium appropriations and Fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 audit shown below.

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Montana stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Montana has a dark outline.

Lower value · $4.01BHigher value · $287.03BStriped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

Montana · $6.44BFY2024 · Rank #46 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare Montana with every state · 50 ranked
Current operation expenditure · FY2024 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1California$287.03B—
#2New York$161.37B—
#3Texas$136.18B—
#4Florida$86.61B—
#5Pennsylvania$77.15B—
#6Illinois$75.67B—
#7Ohio$66.77B—
#8New Jersey$64.53B—
#9Massachusetts$61.38B—
#10North Carolina$59.01B—
#11Michigan$57.27B—
#12Virginia$53.45B—
#13Washington$49.82B—
#14Georgia$45.19B—
#15Maryland$45.06B—
#16Oregon$41.41B—
#17Arizona$38.71B—
#18Minnesota$38.1B—
#19Indiana$37.4B—
#20Kentucky$36.94B—
#21Wisconsin$34.5B—
#22Missouri$34.43B—
#23South Carolina$32.85B—
#24Colorado$32.73B—
#25Louisiana$31.67B—
#26Tennessee$31.12B—
#27Alabama$26.99B—
#28Oklahoma$24.28B—
#29Utah$22.7B—
#30New Mexico$21.94B—
#31Connecticut$21.22B—
#32Iowa$19.89B—
#33Kansas$18.39B—
#34Hawaii$16.62B—
#35Mississippi$16.46B—
#36Arkansas$16.28B—
#37West Virginia$13.19B—
#38Nevada$12.43B—
#39Nebraska$10.41B—
#40Maine$10.12B—
#41Delaware$9.24B—
#42Rhode Island$8.93B—
#43Alaska$8.4B—
#44Idaho$8.21B—
#45New Hampshire$7.12B—
#46Montana · your comparison$6.44B—
#47Vermont$6.28B—
#48North Dakota$5.63B—
#49South Dakota$4.55B—
#50Wyoming$4.01B—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

U.S. Census Bureau · 2024 state and local finance public-use data · state-government level ↗
2027 biennium · Adopted by the 69th Legislature

Enacted appropriations

$16.5B

Gross appropriations in Montana's general appropriations act, HB 2, for the two-year 2027 biennium. The total includes ongoing and one-time-only appropriations from the General Fund, State Special Revenue, Federal Special Revenue, and appropriated proprietary funds. It is not the Legislature's broader net budget: $445.1 million of HB 2 transfers are not eliminated here, and statutory appropriations, other appropriation bills, long-range planning bills, HB 1, HB 3, and HB 4 are outside this headline.

Montana Legislature, Legislative Fiscal Division · 2027 Biennium Legislative Fiscal Report — Statewide Perspectives ↗

Where State tax revenue comes from

FY2025 ACFR actual

Shares of the $4.233 billion in tax revenue reported as general revenue for Montana's primary government. The chart includes State-recognized property taxes and the business-type portion of the ACFR's Other tax line; locally retained property taxes are not consolidated into the State primary government.

Individual income tax
$2.3B · 53.9%
Other taxes
$658.0M · 15.5%
Property tax
$456.5M · 10.8%
Corporate income tax
$318.8M · 7.5%
Fuel tax
$283.8M · 6.7%
Natural-resource taxes
$233.8M · 5.5%
State of Montana, Department of Administration · Montana FY2025 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report, Statement of Activities ↗

2027 biennium HB 2 budget by functional section

2027 biennium adopted all-funds HB 2 budget

The Legislature's five official functional sections, with ongoing and one-time-only appropriations combined. The exact section totals reconcile to the $16.457 billion gross HB 2 headline.

Health and human services
$7.3B · 44.2%
Education and cultural
$3.5B · 21.2%
Natural resources and transportation
$2.9B · 17.7%
General government
$1.5B · 9.4%
Judicial, law enforcement, and justice
$1.2B · 7.5%
Montana Legislature, Legislative Fiscal Division · 2027 Biennium Legislative Fiscal Report — HB 2 All-Fund Types ↗
Montana officeholders

Explore current officeholders and explicitly reviewed historical executive officials, labeled at the time of their actions. Timeline dates, action type, status and search also filter this list. Read any record’s summary, latest recorded status and official evidence below, or open it beside the timeline.

0 of 0 reviewed Montana actions · newest first

No reviewed actions match these filters.

How Montana action records are selected

Records come from published fact relationships or reviewed topic records with official supporting evidence and verified Montana officeholder attribution. Historical executive officials require evidence tied to the action date and are excluded from incumbent proposals. Inclusion follows an explicit topic review, a related state fact, or the action’s title and supporting evidence. Explicit topic reviews take priority; repeated actions use the most recent explicit review for this topic. Duplicate actions attached to several facts appear once. This topic match is not a new finding that an action caused a result, and the reviewed collection is selective. Collection reviewed Sep 16, 2026.

What candidates are saying

Explore statements about budgets, government spending, deficits and public debt from FactVote’s Montana candidate profiles. Compare candidates within each recorded race, with each person’s matching statements kept together. These are candidate and campaign statements, not verified outcomes.

8 statements from 5 candidates

2026 Montana U.S. House — District 1 — General Election

1 candidate with matching statements · 1 statement

Aaron Flint

1 statement

Republican · U.S. House District 1 · MT

Budgets, spending & debt

1. No budget, no pay. 2. No pay during a government shutdown. 3. A mandatory balanced budget amendment, just like we have in Montana. 4. Ban on congressional stock trading. Politicians shouldn’t be getting rich off privileged information.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: On the Issues

Candidate campaign source

1. No budget, no pay. 2. No pay during a government shutdown. 3. A mandatory balanced budget amendment, just like we have in Montana. 4. Ban on congressional stock trading. Politicians shouldn’t be getting rich off privileged information.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 18, 2026

Aaron Flint campaign source 2 ↗
Original source ↗
Candidate profile →

2026 Montana U.S. House — District 2 — General Election

1 candidate with matching statements · 1 statement

Brian J. Miller

1 statement

Democratic · U.S. House District 2 · MT

Budgets, spending & debt

As I mentioned on a previous page, I want to get us out of endless wars and the wasteful spending that is promoted by the military industrial complex. The War in Iran has already cost us hundreds of billions of dollars in destroyed equipment and other costs. The war has only made us less secure. And…

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: National security, foreign policy, technology, and veterans

Candidate campaign source

As I mentioned on a previous page, I want to get us out of endless wars and the wasteful spending that is promoted by the military industrial complex. The War in Iran has already cost us hundreds of billions of dollars in destroyed equipment and other costs. The war has only made us less secure. And now, Trump and Downing want to increase our military budget to over 1.15 Trillion dollars.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 16, 2026

Brian J. Miller — candidate-owned primary source 9 ↗
Original source ↗
Candidate profile →

2026 Montana U.S. Senate — General Election

3 candidates with matching statements · 6 statements

Alani Bankhead

1 statement

Democratic · U.S. Senate · MT

Budgets, spending & debt

✓ Use appropriations and oversight to cut off funding for an unauthorized war and force the truth about U.S. casualties into the open.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: National security, foreign policy, technology, and veterans

Candidate campaign source

✓ Use appropriations and oversight to cut off funding for an unauthorized war and force the truth about U.S. casualties into the open.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026

Alani Bankhead — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Original source ↗
Candidate profile →

Kurt Alme

3 statements

Republican · U.S. Senate · MT

Budgets, spending & debt

As budget director, helped balance Montana's state budget.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: State Budget

Candidate campaign source

As budget director, helped balance Montana's state budget.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 16, 2026

Kurt Alme campaign source 3 ↗
Original source ↗
View 2 more statements from Kurt Alme
Budgets, spending & debt

As budget director, helped make Montana debt-free.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: State Debt

Candidate campaign source

As budget director, helped make Montana debt-free.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 16, 2026

Kurt Alme campaign source 3 ↗
Original source ↗
Budgets, spending & debt

As budget director, helped reduce wasteful state spending.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: State Spending

Candidate campaign source

As budget director, helped reduce wasteful state spending.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 16, 2026

Kurt Alme campaign source 3 ↗
Original source ↗
Candidate profile →

Seth Bodnar

2 statements

Independent · U.S. Senate · MT

Budgets, spending & debt

No Budget, No Pay: End the culture of governing by crisis

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Pillar Three — Montana First: Reform Agenda

Candidate campaign source

No Budget, No Pay: End the culture of governing by crisis

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 18, 2026

Seth Bodnar campaign source 2 ↗
Original source ↗
View 1 more statement from Seth Bodnar
Budgets, spending & debt

Fiscal Responsibility: Our Obligation to the Next Generation

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Pillar Two — Invest in American Competitiveness and Security Right Here in Montana

Candidate campaign source

Fiscal Responsibility: Our Obligation to the Next Generation

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 18, 2026

Seth Bodnar campaign source 2 ↗
Original source ↗
Candidate profile →
How statements are selected

This section matches specific budgets, government spending, deficits and public debt terms in retained, attributed source text from published Montana candidate profiles. A profile heading or biography alone does not qualify. The Florida geography is fixed; saved state preferences cannot change these results. A mention can concern a community or group rather than Florida’s statewide measure.

Matching is automatic and does not establish a candidate’s stance, the accuracy of a claim, or an effect on the measured result. Results are grouped by recorded race, then by candidate name. Within each candidate, the matching issue mentions appear first. Only candidates with matching retained statements are shown; this is not a complete race roster. Repeated identical text for the same candidate is shown once. Coverage follows the existing state profiles and is not a complete record of all candidates or everything they have said. Review dates are not statement dates.

Montana incumbents

What incumbents are proposing

Explore reviewed bills sponsored by current Montana legislators and Montana’s congressional delegation, plus retained proposals from Montana’s governor and agencies. Each record keeps its latest recorded status and official evidence.

0 matching sponsorships or proposals · 0 Montana incumbents. These filters apply only to this section.

No retained proposals match these filters. A missing record does not mean an incumbent has taken no action.

What sponsorship and proposal counts tell us

Only current Montana officeholders retained in the reviewed collection qualify. Bills require a recorded primary sponsorship; cosponsors and signing officials are excluded from sponsorship counts. An official introducer recorded as acting by request is labeled “Introduced by request”; that procedural role does not establish personal policy endorsement. Governor and agency records qualify when recorded as proposed. A separately verified governor transmittal can also establish an original proposal whose latest status reflects its later outcome. Signing an enacted law alone does not establish a proposal. A record appearing under several facts is counted once per officeholder. A bill with multiple primary sponsors appears under each recorded sponsor.

Enacted bills, adopted resolutions and unsuccessful measures remain visible as proposal history. Passing one chamber is not enactment. These counts do not measure effectiveness or prove that an action changed a Montana statistic. Collection reviewed Sep 16, 2026.

Sources & methods

Every section retains its primary sources, units, reporting periods and comparison limits. Maps, graphs and tables use the same observation and cohort. All 50 states are listed; D.C. and territories are excluded. Missing and suppressed values remain unavailable and never become zero.

#1 is the highest measured value. Equal source values share a rank and leave gaps (1, 2, 2, 4). Ranks use source precision and are descriptive, not a score of the state. Survey uncertainty and reporting coverage can limit comparisons. Published U.S. benchmarks are used where available; a state average is not substituted.

Montana snapshots and fiscal sources keep their own dates and accounting scope. National events and federal distribution explainers describe national context. Actions and statements are filtered to Montana, retain their reviewed evidence, and do not establish that a policy caused a measured change.

Retained state source collections assembled October 5, 2026. Original review and source dates remain visible. Refreshing this page does not refresh an official data release.

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