Federal finances · U.S. Treasury · Nominal dollars
Federal budget deficit
$1.97T
FY2026 through Aug 2026 · $ trillions · fiscal year to date
Debt held by the public
$32.36T
As of 2026-09-10 · $ trillions · outstanding balance
Interest on the public debt
$1.27T
FY2026 through Aug 2026 · $ trillions · gross outlays, fiscal year to date
Current budget: October through the reporting monthTimeline flows: previous 12 monthsDebt: balance on the recorded dateAnnual history: complete fiscal years
Saved Treasury snapshot checked 2026-09-12. Budget figures are fiscal-year-to-date actuals, not full-year projections. Debt uses the latest available business day.
Deficit, debt, and interest over time
The deficit effect filter applies only to major events. Choose Adds and reduces to show all events with a verified increase or decrease, or choose one direction; each figure retains its scope and time period.
Major events & context · A curated selection, including uncertain effects. Milestone dates do not establish that an event caused a fiscal change.
Explore an event or action for verified costs and budget effects. Amounts appear only when an official primary source supports the figure, scope and period.
Debt and event history start in 2005. Complete 12-month totals begin Feb 2016 for the deficit and Feb 2016 for gross interest. Earlier gaps reflect the saved data coverage.
Enacted / issuedDid not proceedPending / in progressStatus unclear
Colors show the latest recorded status. A bill passed by only one chamber remains pending; “issued” does not necessarily mean in effect.
Federal budget deficit$ trillions · previous 12 months
Federal budget deficit
Move across the chart to inspect monthly readings. Use the Chart selector to switch measures; dates, events and action filters stay in place.
64 of 64 reviewed actions shown · 52 date markers.
27 major events shown separately from fiscal readings. Hover to explore; click to pin. Press Escape to clear.
Aug 2026Federal budget deficit: $1.77T
The dollar scale adjusts to the selected measure. Deficit and gross interest sum the selected month and the preceding 11 months, avoiding October resets. For example, August 2026 covers September 2025–August 2026. These overlapping windows smooth seasonal patterns; adjacent points share 11 months. They are not forecasts or fiscal-year totals. Debt is the last available business-day balance for each month. Points align by reporting month, not publication date; actions keep their exact dates. The current month’s debt point may precede month-end. Complete rolling totals begin Feb 2016 for the deficit and Feb 2016 for gross interest, based on the available monthly budget records. Debt history begins in 2005. All 12 calendar months must be present; missing values are not filled.
View monthly data
Selected period · Trillions of nominal dollars
Reporting month
Deficit · previous 12 months
Debt held by the public
Gross interest · previous 12 months
Debt observation date
Save selected measure
Sep 2026
Unavailable
$32.36T
Unavailable
2026-09-10
Aug 2026
$1.77T
$32.41T
$1.36T
2026-08-31
Jul 2026
$1.95T
$32.05T
$1.37T
2026-07-31
Jun 2026
$1.80T
$31.68T
$1.35T
2026-06-30
May 2026
$1.66T
$31.52T
$1.31T
2026-05-29
Apr 2026
$1.68T
$31.27T
$1.27T
2026-04-30
Mar 2026
$1.64T
$31.43T
$1.26T
2026-03-31
Feb 2026
$1.63T
$31.19T
$1.26T
2026-02-27
Jan 2026
$1.63T
$30.92T
$1.25T
2026-01-30
Dec 2025
$1.67T
$30.85T
$1.26T
2025-12-31
Nov 2025
$1.61T
$30.77T
$1.25T
2025-11-28
Oct 2025
$1.80T
$30.57T
$1.24T
2025-10-31
Sep 2025
$1.78T
$30.28T
$1.22T
2025-09-30
Aug 2025
$1.91T
$29.97T
$1.21T
2025-08-29
Jul 2025
$1.94T
$29.53T
$1.19T
2025-07-31
Jun 2025
$1.90T
$28.95T
$1.19T
2025-06-30
May 2025
$1.99T
$28.95T
$1.18T
2025-05-30
Apr 2025
$2.02T
$28.85T
$1.19T
2025-04-30
Mar 2025
$2.07T
$28.91T
$1.19T
2025-03-31
Feb 2025
$2.15T
$28.91T
$1.18T
2025-02-28
Jan 2025
$2.14T
$28.91T
$1.17T
2025-01-31
Dec 2024
$2.03T
$28.84T
$1.15T
2024-12-31
Nov 2024
$2.07T
$28.79T
$1.13T
2024-11-29
Oct 2024
$2.02T
$28.57T
$1.13T
2024-10-31
Sep 2024
$1.83T
$28.31T
$1.13T
2024-09-30
Aug 2024
$2.06T
$28.17T
$1.12T
2024-08-30
Jul 2024
$1.59T
$27.93T
$1.11T
2024-07-31
Jun 2024
$1.57T
$27.61T
$1.09T
2024-06-28
May 2024
$1.73T
$27.61T
$1.08T
2024-05-31
Apr 2024
$1.63T
$27.48T
$1.04T
2024-04-30
Mar 2024
$1.66T
$27.51T
$1.02T
2024-03-29
Feb 2024
$1.80T
$27.38T
$1.01T
2024-02-29
Jan 2024
$1.77T
$27.07T
$0.98T
2024-01-31
Dec 2023
$1.78T
$26.94T
$0.96T
2023-12-29
Nov 2023
$1.74T
$26.84T
$0.95T
2023-11-30
Oct 2023
$1.67T
$26.58T
$0.92T
2023-10-31
Sep 2023
$1.70T
$26.33T
$0.88T
2023-09-29
Aug 2023
$1.95T
$26.04T
$0.85T
2023-08-31
Jul 2023
$2.26T
$25.71T
$0.85T
2023-07-31
Jun 2023
$2.25T
$25.46T
$0.85T
2023-06-30
May 2023
$2.11T
$24.63T
$0.82T
2023-05-31
Apr 2023
$1.94T
$24.61T
$0.83T
2023-04-28
Mar 2023
$1.81T
$24.69T
$0.81T
2023-03-31
Feb 2023
$1.62T
$24.61T
$0.79T
2023-02-28
Jan 2023
$1.58T
$24.58T
$0.78T
2023-01-31
Dec 2022
$1.42T
$24.52T
$0.77T
2022-12-30
Nov 2022
$1.36T
$24.55T
$0.77T
2022-11-30
Oct 2022
$1.30T
$24.35T
$0.75T
2022-10-31
Sep 2022
$1.38T
$24.30T
$0.72T
2022-09-30
Aug 2022
$1.01T
$24.27T
$0.72T
2022-08-31
Jul 2022
$0.96T
$23.95T
$0.68T
2022-07-29
Jun 2022
$1.05T
$23.91T
$0.66T
2022-06-30
May 2022
$1.13T
$23.90T
$0.67T
2022-05-31
Apr 2022
$1.20T
$23.85T
$0.64T
2022-04-29
Mar 2022
$1.73T
$23.88T
$0.62T
2022-03-31
Feb 2022
$2.20T
$23.78T
$0.61T
2022-02-28
Jan 2022
$2.30T
$23.49T
$0.60T
2022-01-31
Dec 2021
$2.58T
$23.14T
$0.58T
2021-12-31
Nov 2021
$2.70T
$22.65T
$0.56T
2021-11-30
Oct 2021
$2.65T
$22.64T
$0.56T
2021-10-29
Sep 2021
$2.77T
$22.28T
$0.56T
2021-09-30
Aug 2021
$2.84T
$22.25T
$0.56T
2021-08-31
Jul 2021
$2.86T
$22.28T
$0.55T
2021-07-30
Jun 2021
$2.63T
$22.33T
$0.54T
2021-06-30
May 2021
$3.32T
$22.02T
$0.51T
2021-05-28
Apr 2021
$3.58T
$22.06T
$0.49T
2021-04-30
Mar 2021
$4.09T
$21.99T
$0.48T
2021-03-31
Feb 2021
$3.55T
$21.76T
$0.49T
2021-02-26
Jan 2021
$3.48T
$21.64T
$0.49T
2021-01-29
Dec 2020
$3.35T
$21.63T
$0.49T
2020-12-31
Nov 2020
$3.22T
$21.35T
$0.51T
2020-11-30
Oct 2020
$3.28T
$21.10T
$0.51T
2020-10-30
Sep 2020
$3.13T
$21.02T
$0.52T
2020-09-30
Aug 2020
$2.92T
$20.82T
$0.52T
2020-08-31
Jul 2020
$2.92T
$20.63T
$0.51T
2020-07-31
Jun 2020
$2.98T
$20.53T
$0.52T
2020-06-30
May 2020
$2.13T
$19.81T
$0.56T
2020-05-29
Apr 2020
$1.93T
$19.05T
$0.58T
2020-04-30
Mar 2020
$1.04T
$17.67T
$0.58T
2020-03-31
Feb 2020
$1.06T
$17.41T
$0.58T
2020-02-28
Jan 2020
$1.06T
$17.21T
$0.57T
2020-01-31
How events are selected
Curated fiscal context from 2005 through 2026-09-13. Each event has a dated primary source and a plausible connection to revenues, spending, borrowing or financing costs. Selection does not depend on whether the plotted measures moved afterward. Entries distinguish enacted policy, reported accounting changes, credit assessments and estimated effects. Some dates mark reports or accounting months rather than the start of an episode. Borrowing authority is not new spending; a credit downgrade is not a default. The 12-month totals spread a one-month event across overlapping windows, so markers need not line up with turning points. Events do not increase government-action counts. Some historical events precede the saved monthly budget data.
What makes up the deficit?
The deficit is the gap between all federal spending and revenue. Programs account for spending; taxes and other receipts finance it. No individual program owns a fixed share of the deficit.
FY2026 through Aug 2026 · Compared with FY2025 through Aug 2025. These are fiscal-year-to-date actuals, separate from the rolling 12-month timeline.
Total spending$6.81T
Net budget outlays
Minus revenue$4.85T
Taxes and other receipts
Budget deficit$1.97T
Spending minus revenue
Change in the budget gap: −$7.7B. Positive means a wider deficit; negative means a narrower deficit or larger surplus. The change columns below show how spending and revenue account for this difference.
How much of the deficit comes from interest?
Separate the gap in spending before interest from the net cost of servicing debt.
Fiscal year to date · FY2026 through Aug 2026 · Uses “Budget through” above.
Primary deficit$0.95T
Spending excluding net interest, minus revenue
Net interest$1.02T
Interest after receipts and offsets
Total deficit$1.97T
All spending minus all revenue
$0.95T + $1.02T = $1.97T. Positive means deficit; negative means surplus. Net interest reconciles with the budget; the headline’s gross interest measure is broader and is not used in this equation.
What changed the deficit?
Follow the changes from the comparison period to the selected period. A large program can still narrow the deficit when it spends less than before.
FY2025 through Aug 2025 → FY2026 through Aug 2026. Uses the Budget through and Compare with controls above.
Hover, tap or focus a bar to see the dollar change and why it widens or narrows the deficit.
The six largest changes are shown individually. Remaining increases and decreases are grouped separately so they do not cancel out invisibly. The order highlights size, not when a change occurred. Amounts are fiscal-year-to-date actuals; colors describe the deficit effect, not whether a program is beneficial.
See every change and its calculation
FY2025 through Aug 2025 compared with FY2026 through Aug 2026
Category
Comparison amount
Selected amount
What changed
Effect on deficit
Individual Income TaxesRevenue
$2,357.6B
$2,548.0B
$190.4B more revenue → narrows the deficit by $190.4B.
−$190.4B
Corporation Income TaxesRevenue
$389.6B
$294.9B
$94.8B less revenue → widens the deficit by $94.8B.
+$94.8B
Net InterestSpending
$933.5B
$1,017.0B
$83.5B more spending → widens the deficit by $83.5B.
+$83.5B
Education, Training, Employment, and Social ServicesSpending
$175.1B
$92.0B
$83.1B less spending → narrows the deficit by $83.1B.
−$83.1B
Social SecuritySpending
$1,447.3B
$1,525.9B
$78.5B more spending → widens the deficit by $78.5B.
+$78.5B
Employment and General RetirementRevenue
$1,553.2B
$1,606.9B
$53.7B more revenue → narrows the deficit by $53.7B.
−$53.7B
MedicaidSpending
$607.8B
$655.0B
$47.2B more spending → widens the deficit by $47.2B.
+$47.2B
Veterans Benefits and ServicesSpending
$359.8B
$395.6B
$35.8B more spending → widens the deficit by $35.8B.
+$35.8B
National DefenseSpending
$840.6B
$876.2B
$35.6B more spending → widens the deficit by $35.6B.
+$35.6B
Natural Resources and EnvironmentSpending
$81.8B
$51.9B
$29.9B less spending → narrows the deficit by $29.9B.
−$29.9B
Administration of JusticeSpending
$75.6B
$99.4B
$23.8B more spending → widens the deficit by $23.8B.
+$23.8B
Income SecuritySpending
$668.0B
$645.2B
$22.7B less spending → narrows the deficit by $22.7B.
−$22.7B
Community and Regional DevelopmentSpending
$78.1B
$57.4B
$20.8B less spending → narrows the deficit by $20.8B.
−$20.8B
MedicareSpending
$964.8B
$979.3B
$14.5B more spending → widens the deficit by $14.5B.
+$14.5B
Estate and Gift TaxesRevenue
$26.4B
$36.0B
$9.6B more revenue → narrows the deficit by $9.6B.
−$9.6B
Undistributed Offsetting ReceiptsSpending
−$138.4B
−$145.7B
$7.4B less spending → narrows the deficit by $7.4B.
−$7.4B
Other healthSpending
$277.6B
$270.7B
$6.9B less spending → narrows the deficit by $6.9B.
−$6.9B
Unemployment InsuranceRevenue
$53.3B
$48.6B
$4.7B less revenue → widens the deficit by $4.7B.
+$4.7B
Commerce and Housing CreditSpending
−$15.1B
−$10.5B
$4.6B more spending → widens the deficit by $4.6B.
+$4.6B
General GovernmentSpending
$29.1B
$24.8B
$4.3B less spending → narrows the deficit by $4.3B.
−$4.3B
Customs DutiesRevenue
$165.2B
$167.3B
$2.1B more revenue → narrows the deficit by $2.1B.
−$2.1B
General Science, Space, and TechnologySpending
$38.1B
$36.2B
$1.9B less spending → narrows the deficit by $1.9B.
−$1.9B
Miscellaneous ReceiptsRevenue
$44.6B
$43.1B
$1.5B less revenue → widens the deficit by $1.5B.
+$1.5B
EnergySpending
$19.6B
$18.4B
$1.2B less spending → narrows the deficit by $1.2B.
−$1.2B
AgricultureSpending
$50.1B
$51.0B
$0.9B more spending → widens the deficit by $0.9B.
+$0.9B
TransportationSpending
$125.8B
$126.4B
$0.6B more spending → widens the deficit by $0.6B.
+$0.6B
International AffairsSpending
$45.2B
$44.9B
$0.3B less spending → narrows the deficit by $0.3B.
−$0.3B
Excise TaxesRevenue
$93.2B
$92.9B
$0.2B less revenue → widens the deficit by $0.2B.
+$0.2B
Other RetirementRevenue
$7.9B
$7.7B
$0.1B less revenue → widens the deficit by $0.1B.
+$0.1B
Total change in deficit
−$7.7B
Where federal spending goes
Includes every spending function in Treasury’s report. Medicaid is separated from Health when matching detail is available; “Other health” is the remainder. Each dollar appears once.
Non-overlapping spending categories · FY2026 through Aug 2026 · Nominal dollars
Category
Amount
Share
Change in budget gap
$1,525.9B
22.4%
+$78.5BWidens gap
$1,017.0B
14.9%
+$83.5BWidens gap
$979.3B
14.4%
+$14.5BWidens gap
$876.2B
12.9%
+$35.6BWidens gap
$655.0B
9.6%
+$47.2BWidens gap
$645.2B
9.5%
−$22.7BNarrows gap
$395.6B
5.8%
+$35.8BWidens gap
$270.7B
4.0%
−$6.9BNarrows gap
$126.4B
1.9%
+$0.6BWidens gap
$99.4B
1.5%
+$23.8BWidens gap
$92.0B
1.4%
−$83.1BNarrows gap
$57.4B
0.8%
−$20.8BNarrows gap
$51.9B
0.8%
−$29.9BNarrows gap
$51.0B
0.7%
+$0.9BWidens gap
$44.9B
0.7%
−$0.3BNarrows gap
$36.2B
0.5%
−$1.9BNarrows gap
$24.8B
0.4%
−$4.3BNarrows gap
$18.4B
0.3%
−$1.2BNarrows gap
−$10.5B
-0.2%
+$4.6BWidens gap
−$145.7B
-2.1%
−$7.4BNarrows gap
Total net outlays
$6,811.0B
100%
$146.8B
Negative outlays are offsets, recoveries or accounting adjustments. Net interest here differs from the gross interest measure above. Colors describe widening or narrowing the budget gap, not whether a program is beneficial.
Where federal revenue comes from
Income taxes, payroll-related receipts and other sources offset spending. A decline in receipts can widen the deficit even if spending is unchanged.
Revenue sources · FY2026 through Aug 2026 · Nominal dollars
Category
Amount
Share
Change in budget gap
$2,548.0B
52.6%
−$190.4BNarrows gap
$1,606.9B
33.2%
−$53.7BNarrows gap
$294.9B
6.1%
+$94.8BWidens gap
$167.3B
3.5%
−$2.1BNarrows gap
$92.9B
1.9%
+$0.2BWidens gap
$48.6B
1.0%
+$4.7BWidens gap
$43.1B
0.9%
+$1.5BWidens gap
$36.0B
0.7%
−$9.6BNarrows gap
$7.7B
0.2%
+$0.1BWidens gap
Total receipts
$4,845.5B
100%
−$154.5B
Treasury Monthly Treasury Statement, Table 9; Medicaid detail from Table 5. Checked 2026-09-13. Each report includes its published prior-year comparison; later vintages can revise amounts. Rounded displayed figures may not sum exactly. Official tables and definitions ↗
Spending, revenue, and debt over time
Compare spending with revenue, or examine the deficit and publicly held debt. Switch to percentage of GDP to compare their size across decades.
Complete fiscal years · FY2005–FY2025 · Trillions of nominal dollars. Negative deficits are surpluses. Annual controls apply only to this chart.
SpendingRevenueShaded gap: deficit / surplus
Scroll the chart sideways to see the full timeline.
Full fiscal-year actuals · Trillions of nominal dollars
Fiscal year
Spending
Revenue
Deficit (+) / surplus (−)
2025
$7.01T
$5.23T
$1.78T
2024
$6.75T
$4.92T
$1.83T
2023
$6.13T
$4.44T
$1.69T
2022
$6.27T
$4.90T
$1.38T
2021
$6.82T
$4.05T
$2.78T
2020
$6.55T
$3.42T
$3.13T
2019
$4.45T
$3.46T
$0.98T
2018
$4.11T
$3.33T
$0.78T
2017
$3.98T
$3.32T
$0.67T
2016
$3.85T
$3.27T
$0.58T
2015
$3.69T
$3.25T
$0.44T
2014
$3.51T
$3.02T
$0.48T
2013
$3.45T
$2.78T
$0.68T
2012
$3.53T
$2.45T
$1.08T
2011
$3.60T
$2.30T
$1.30T
2010
$3.46T
$2.16T
$1.29T
2009
$3.52T
$2.10T
$1.41T
2008
$2.98T
$2.52T
$0.46T
2007
$2.73T
$2.57T
$0.16T
2006
$2.66T
$2.41T
$0.25T
2005
$2.47T
$2.15T
$0.32T
CBO historical budget data · February 2026 vintage · Actuals through FY2025. Both dollar amounts and published GDP shares use this same source. These annual figures may differ from Treasury report vintages above. Official historical data ↗
How much revenue goes toward interest?
In FY2025, net interest was equivalent to $18.5 of every $100 collected in federal revenue.
Complete fiscal years · Percent of federal revenue · Net interest, not gross interest.
Net interest / revenue
Scroll the chart sideways to see the full timeline.
Budget categories describe how spending is authorized. A program or department can contain more than one type of spending.
Complete fiscal year · FY2025 · Actual outlays. This annual selection is independent of the Treasury fiscal-year-to-date tables.
Mandatory $4.17T
59.5% of total net outlays
Spending generally determined by eligibility and benefit rules in law, including major benefit programs. Congress can change those laws. Its large share means moderate changes can materially affect total spending.
Discretionary $1.87T
26.7% of total net outlays
Spending generally funded through annual appropriations, including defense and many public services. Appropriations provide authority; actual cash outlays can occur over several years.
Net interest $0.97T
13.8% of total net outlays
Interest costs after receipts and offsets. Debt levels, rates and financing choices affect this cost. It is shown separately from mandatory and discretionary programs.
Mandatory totals include offsetting receipts. Negative offsets reduce spending; they are not counted again as revenue. Some early program amounts are not reported in the source; they are not displayed as zero. CBO’s classifications differ from Treasury’s spending functions above. Official categories and historical amounts ↗
Which budget categories are growing?
Select a category here, or select its name in the spending and revenue tables above.
Complete fiscal years · FY2015–FY2025 · Trillions of nominal dollars. September reports cover the full fiscal year. The partial current year is excluded.
Social Security
Scroll the chart sideways to see the full timeline.
FY2025Social Security: $1.58TShare of total spending: 22.5%
View data: Social Security history
Full fiscal-year actuals · Trillions of nominal dollars
Fiscal year
Social Security
Share of total spending
2025
$1.58T
22.5%
2024
$1.46T
21.6%
2023
$1.35T
22.1%
2022
$1.22T
19.4%
2021
$1.13T
16.6%
2020
$1.10T
16.7%
2019
$1.04T
23.5%
2018
$0.99T
24.0%
2017
$0.94T
23.7%
2016
$0.92T
23.8%
2015
$0.89T
24.1%
Share is the category’s amount divided by total federal net spending in the same fiscal year. Negative shares reflect offsets or recoveries. A missing amount or total is shown as unavailable.
Treasury MTS Table 9; Medicaid detail from Table 5. Available full-year snapshots begin FY2015. Health and Other health are different definitions: Health includes Medicaid; Other health excludes it. Credit reestimates, offsets and reporting revisions can produce negative amounts or sharp changes. Official Treasury tables ↗
Where is the federal budget headed?
Explore CBO’s official baseline for the deficit, publicly held debt, and net interest.
Projections only · Full fiscal years · Published February 11, 2026. Dashed lines distinguish these estimates from the actuals elsewhere on this page.
Debt held by the public
Scroll the chart sideways to see the full timeline.
FY2036 projectedDebt held by the public: 120.2%
View data: CBO fiscal outlook
CBO projections · Percent of GDP
Fiscal year
Debt held by the public
2036
120.2%
2035
118.0%
2034
116.2%
2033
114.0%
2032
111.5%
2031
109.6%
2030
107.7%
2029
105.8%
2028
104.1%
2027
102.1%
2026
100.6%
Baseline incorporates laws in place January 14, 2026; the economic forecast reflects trade policy as of November 20, 2025 and economic developments and laws as of December 3, 2025. Later policies and actual results are not automatically incorporated. Amounts use the unadjusted annual budget tables; payment-date shifts can affect individual fiscal years.
Sources and projection methods
February 2026 baseline. Net interest differs from the gross interest headline. GDP shares use CBO’s published ratios when available; omitted deficit ratios in CBO’s machine-readable file are calculated using the same-year GDP implied by its public-debt level and GDP share. Those derived ratios are approximate because the source ratio is rounded. No projected observation is appended to the historical charts.
Explore how current members of Congress are sponsoring bills related to federal deficits, debt, and interest costs. This uses the same reviewed bill records as the timeline, grouped by primary sponsor.
28 matching bills · 20 sponsors. Filters here apply to this section only.
Rep. Andy Biggs
2 bills
U.S. representative for AZ · Arizona
2 pending
View bills sponsored by Rep. Andy Biggs
H.Res. 631 · Recorded bill date: Aug 5, 2025
Recognizing the national debt as a threat to national security.
Introduced
Read summary & latest status
This resolution recognizes that the national debt is a threat to national security and that deficits are unsustainable, irresponsible, and dangerous. It also commits to (1) restoring regular order to the appropriations process, and (2) addressing the fiscal crisis faced by the United States.
Referred to the Committee on the Budget, and in addition to the Committee on Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
Proposing a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution of the United States.
Introduced
Read summary & latest status
This joint resolution proposes a constitutional amendment that prohibits total outlays for any fiscal year from exceeding total receipts for that fiscal year.
The amendment also prohibits (1) increases to the federal debt limit, and (2) a bill that increases revenue from becoming law unless the bill has been approved by two-thirds of each chamber of Congress with a roll call vote.
Emergency Border Control Resolution
This concurrent resolution establishes the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2025, sets forth budgetary levels for FY2026-FY2034, and provides reconciliation instructions for legislation that increases or decreases the deficit and increases the statutory debt limit by specified amounts.
The resolution recommends levels and amounts for FY2025-FY2034 for
federal revenues,
new budget authority,
budget outlays,
deficits (on-budget),
debt subject to limit,
debt held by the public, and
the major functional categories of spending.
The resolution includes reconciliation instructions that direct several House committees to submit legislation that will increase or decrease the deficit and increase the statutory debt limit by specified amounts. The committees must submit the legislation to the House Budget Committee by February 27, 2025.
(Under current law, reconciliation bills are considered by Congress using expedited legislative procedures that prevent a filibuster and restrict amendments in the Senate.)
Finally, the resolution specifies that it is the policy of this resolution that (1) federal spending levels should be restored to the levels that existed prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, adjusted to protect current Social Security and Medicare spending and reflect existing debt service obligations; and (2) it shall be the objective of the House to reach total budget outlays of $6.057 trillion or less this fiscal year.
Defund Government-Sponsored Propaganda Act
This bill prohibits federal funding of the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), National Public Radio (NPR), and any successor organization to PBS or NPR. The prohibition extends to the payment of dues to or the purchase of programming from PBS or NPR by a public broadcast station using federal funds.
The bill also directs the Corporation for Public Broadcasting to transfer to the Department of the Treasury for the purpose of reducing the public debt an amount equal to certain funding that would have otherwise been provided to PBS or NPR in FY2025-FY2027.
Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce.
Forgotten Funds Act
This bill rescinds the unobligated balances of discretionary appropriations that were provided for FY2021 or any previous fiscal year. It also requires the rescinded funds to be deposited into the Treasury for the sole purpose of deficit reduction.
Referred to the House Committee on Appropriations.
Debt Explanation Before Taxwriters Act or the DEBT Act
This bill requires the Secretary of the Treasury to appear before the House Ways and Means Committee and the Senate Finance Committee before the federal debt limit is reached or extraordinary measures are taken to prevent the United States from defaulting on its obligations.
The term extraordinary measures generally refers to a series of actions that the Department of the Treasury may implement to allow the United States to borrow additional funds without exceeding the debt limit. The measures generally include suspensions or delays of debt sales and suspensions or redemptions of investments in certain government funds.
The bill requires the Secretary of the Treasury to appear before the committees to provide a detailed explanation of (1) the extraordinary measures that Treasury will take and the administrative costs of taking the measures, and (2) any reversal of such measures and any other changes in the funding of federal government obligations.
Referred to the House Committee on Ways and Means.
No Pay for Congress During Default or Shutdown Act
Introduced
Read summary & latest status
No Pay for Congress During Default or Shutdown Act
This bill withholds or eliminates the pay of Members of Congress for any day that the public debt limit is reached or there is a government shutdown.
During the 119th Congress, any salary earned by Members during these events must be held in escrow and released on the last day of that Congress. For subsequent Congresses, a Member shall not be paid for any day that these events occur. (Some exceptions apply.)
Referred to the Committee on House Administration, and in addition to the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.
Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2027 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2028 through 2036.
Passed House
Read summary & latest status
This concurrent resolution establishes the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2027, sets forth budgetary levels for FY2028-FY2036, and provides reconciliation instructions for legislation that increases the deficit.
The resolution recommends levels and amounts for FY2027-FY2036 for
federal revenues,
new budget authority,
budget outlays,
deficits (on-budget),
debt subject to limit,
debt held by the public, and
the major functional categories of spending.
The resolution includes reconciliation instructions that direct the House Agriculture Committee, the House Armed Services Committee, the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, and the House Administration Committee to submit recommendations for legislation that will increase the deficit over FY2027-FY2036 by not more than specified amounts. Each committee must submit the recommendations to the House Budget Committee by September 11, 2026.
(Under current law, reconciliation bills are considered by Congress using expedited legislative procedures that prevent a filibuster and restrict amendments in the Senate.)
In addition, the resolution establishes a reserve fund that allows certain adjustments to committee allocations and other budgetary levels to accommodate reconciliation legislation.
Finally, the resolution sets forth budget enforcement procedures that address issues such as
adjustments to committee allocations and other budgetary levels;
the budgetary treatment of the discretionary administrative expenses for the Social Security Administration and the U.S. Postal Service;
emergency spending; and
additional adjustments for disaster relief, wildfire suppression, health care fraud and abuse control, continuing disability reviews and redeterminations, and reemployment services and eligibility assessments.
Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 468.
Congressional Money Returned to America Act or the Congressional MRA Act
This bill requires funds that were provided to House offices for the Members' Representational Allowance (MRA) and remain in the MRA account after all payments for the year are made to be deposited in the Treasury and used for deficit or debt reduction.
The MRA is an allowance that Members of the House of Representatives receive each year to operate their offices. It must be used to support official and representational duties and may not be used for personal or campaign purposes.
Annual appropriations acts that fund the legislative branch have generally included a provision that requires unused amounts remaining in the MRA to be used for deficit reduction or to reduce the federal debt. This bill makes this requirement permanent.
Referred to the House Committee on House Administration.
Related to: Federal budget deficit · Debt held by the public
Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2025 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2026 through 2034.
passed congress
Read summary & latest status
This concurrent resolution establishes the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2025, sets forth budgetary levels for FY2026-FY2034, and provides reconciliation instructions for legislation that increases or decreases the deficit and increases the statutory debt limit by specified amounts.
The resolution recommends levels and amounts for FY2025-FY2034 for
The resolution includes reconciliation instructions that direct 11 House committees to submit legislation that will increase or decrease the deficit over FY2025-FY2034 and increase the statutory debt limit by specified amounts. The committees must submit the legislation to the House Budget Committee by March 27, 2025.
(Under current law, reconciliation bills are considered by Congress using expedited legislative procedures that prevent a filibuster and restrict amendments in the Senate.)
In addition, the resolution establishes a reserve fund that allows certain adjustments to committee allocations and other budgetary levels to accommodate reconciliation legislation.
The resolution also requires the maximum deficit increase permitted by the reconciliation instruction for the House Ways and Means Committee ($4.5 trillion in the resolution) to be reduced if the proposals submitted by certain committees do not achieve a total of at least $2 trillion in net deficit reduction (or increased if more than $2 trillion in deficit reduction is achieved).
Finally, the resolution sets forth budget enforcement procedures that address issues such as adjustments to committee allocations and the budgetary treatment of the discretionary administrative expenses for the Social Security Administration and the U.S. Postal Service.
Star Print ordered on the reported concurrent resolution.
Related to: Federal budget deficit · Debt held by the public
A primary sponsor introduces a bill. These counts exclude cosponsors and count each bill once per sponsor. A House bill and its Senate companion remain separate bills. Passing one chamber does not mean a bill became law.
Coverage is limited to the reviewed current-officeholder bills retained for this fact. “Current” reflects the source collection’s review, not a live check. Bill dates may be introduction dates. Counts do not measure policy effectiveness, support for a particular outcome, or an effect on the deficit, debt, or interest costs. The timeline’s date and action filters do not limit this section.
Related actions
64 results · Newest first
Timeline dates, action type, status and search apply to this list. Select a record to read its summary above.
1–12 of 64
Records combine the reviewed deficit, debt, and interest collections. An action linked to more than one fact is counted once. All three activity types are included; this is not every government action. Dates and statuses are as recorded; a bill date may be its introduction date. A nearby fiscal movement does not establish a causal effect.
Understanding deficit, debt, and interest
Deficit is a flow; debt is a balance
The deficit is spending minus receipts over a period. Debt is outstanding borrowing at a point in time. Deficits often require borrowing, but cash balances and other financing transactions mean debt changes need not equal the deficit exactly.
Interest is a cost, not a rate
This Treasury line measures gross interest outlays on public debt, including government-account holdings. It is broader than net interest and does not apply only to publicly held debt. Dividing it by the publicly held debt series would not give a comparable effective interest rate.
Compare the same fiscal months
The fiscal year runs October through September. An August cumulative amount covers eleven months; an October amount covers one. The annual reset is not debt forgiveness or a sudden spending reduction. Payment schedules also make monthly patterns uneven.
Sources & methods
Annual GDP comparisons, net-interest burden and spending classifications use CBO’s February 2026 historical budget dataset, actuals through FY2025. The outlook uses CBO’s February 11, 2026 baseline, with publication and policy cutoffs shown in that section. Category histories use full-year September Treasury reports. Sources and units are linked beside each section; these annual datasets are not spliced into the monthly timeline.
Event and action costs are individually reviewed against official primary sources. Each figure identifies its measure, time period, scope, source date and direct citation. Estimates retain their historical baseline and bill version; proposals, appropriations, actual costs and loan-accounting entries are labeled separately. Figures with different scopes or overlapping programs must not be added together. No verified figure means no amount is shown; it does not mean zero cost. These figures do not change the Treasury observations on the chart.
Treasury Monthly Treasury Statement Table 1 supplies monthly deficits and the fiscal-year-to-date readings shown at the top. Table 5 supplies monthly and fiscal-year-to-date “Total--Interest on the Public Debt” gross outlays. The charts sum 12 reported monthly amounts before filtering the displayed date range; they do not sum cumulative fiscal-year-to-date amounts. Debt to the Penny supplies debt held by the public, sampled at the last available business day per month.
Amounts are converted from dollars to trillions. No seasonal or inflation adjustment is applied. Each budget point retains that month’s reported vintage; later revisions can change historical amounts. Missing observations remain unavailable. This saved snapshot was checked 2026-09-12 and does not refresh live.