North Dakota · individual fact

North Dakota real gross domestic product

North Dakota’s inflation-adjusted economic output, annual growth, industry structure, and employment context.

Real GDP$65.27B2025 · #45 of 50 · highest first
Annual real GDP growth0.5%2025 · #48 of 50 · highest first
Current-dollar GDP$82.35B2025 · #45 of 50 · highest first

North Dakota over time

Explore North Dakota readings, major events and reviewed actions on the same date scale. North Dakota officeholders appear in separate lanes. National event evidence describes national context; it does not measure a North Dakota effect.

Major events & context · A curated selection, including uncertain effects. Milestone dates do not establish that an event caused a North Dakota change.

Enacted / issuedDid not proceedPending / in progressStatus unclear

Colors show the latest recorded status. Passing one chamber is not enactment. A number groups actions with the same date, body and status.

Real GDP North Dakota · source units
North DakotaPublished U.S. benchmark

Move across the chart to inspect the nearest observation. Click or tap to keep a reading selected, or focus the chart and use the arrow keys. Hover over or focus a marker to explore; click or tap to pin. Press Escape to clear.

Real GDP2025: $65.27B$0$13.4T$26.81TNorth Dakota, 2014: $60.19BNorth Dakota, 2015: $58.69BNorth Dakota, 2016: $54.76BNorth Dakota, 2017: $56.53BNorth Dakota, 2018: $58.48BNorth Dakota, 2019: $59.35BNorth Dakota, 2020: $56.72BNorth Dakota, 2021: $57.7BNorth Dakota, 2022: $58.62BNorth Dakota, 2023: $63.51BNorth Dakota, 2024: $64.96BNorth Dakota, 2025: $65.27B201420192025
✦ Major events & context · 29National context · Hurricanes Katrina and Rita · 2005-08-29Katrina and RitaNational context · Great Financial Crisis and Great Recession · 2008-09-15Great Financial CrisisNational context · Federal Reserve moves rates close to zero · 2008-12-16Fed near-zero ratesNational context · American Recovery and Reinvestment Act · 2009-02-17Recovery ActNational context · Japan disaster disrupts U.S. auto production · 2011-05-17Japan / auto supplyNational context · Midwest drought reduces farm output · 2012-09-27Drought / farm outputNational context · Automatic federal spending cuts begin · 2013-03-01Federal spending cutsNational context · 2013 federal government shutdown · 2013-10-012013 shutdownNational context · Oil-price decline cuts drilling investment · 2015-02-24Oil investment downturnNational context · Hurricanes Harvey and Irma disrupt activity · 2017-08-25Harvey and IrmaNational context · 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act · 2017-12-222017 tax lawNational context · U.S.–China tariff escalation · 2018-07-06U.S.–China tariffsNational context · 2018–19 federal government shutdown · 2018-12-222018–19 shutdownNational context · Federal Reserve begins 2019 rate cuts · 2019-07-312019 Fed rate cutsNational context · COVID-19 pandemic · 2020-03-11COVID-19 pandemicNational context · Emergency rate cuts and asset purchases · 2020-03-15Fed emergency supportNational context · CARES Act pandemic relief · 2020-03-27CARES Act reliefNational context · American Rescue Plan · 2021-03-11American Rescue PlanNational context · Reopening recovery meets supply bottlenecks · 2021-07-09Reopening / shortagesNational context · Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act · 2021-11-15Infrastructure lawNational context · Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine · 2022-02-24Russia invades UkraineNational context · Federal Reserve begins 2022 rate increases · 2022-03-16Fed rate increasesNational context · Semiconductor and energy investment incentives · 2022-08-16CHIPS / energy incentivesNational context · Banking stress and credit conditions · 2023-03-22Banking / credit stressNational context · Federal Reserve begins 2024 rate cuts · 2024-09-182024 Fed rate cutsNational context · Broad U.S. tariffs and volatile trade flows · 2025-04-02Tariffs / trade timingNational context · 2025 tax and spending reconciliation law · 2025-07-042025 tax / spending lawNational context · 2025 shutdown reduces federal services · 2025-10-012025 shutdownNational context · Iran conflict and Strait of Hormuz disruption · 2026-02-28Iran / Hormuz disruption● North Dakota Legislature · 0No reviewed actions match these filters.● U.S. Congress · North Dakota delegation · 0No reviewed actions match these filters.◆ Governor · 0No reviewed actions match these filters.■ North Dakota agencies · 0No reviewed actions match these filters.2005-08-012026-02-28

0 of 0 reviewed North Dakota actions match · 0 date markers shown. 29 major events shown separately.

North Dakota · 2025: $65.27B · Rank #45 of 50, highest first · U.S. benchmark: $23.94T

Total value added produced in the state in millions of chained 2017 dollars. Annual estimates; the downloaded BEA snapshot is retained with a source hash. Revisions can change historical values and ranks. Annual observations use December 31; monthly observations use the first of the month. Lines connect consecutive readings and do not supply values between them. Missing observations break the lines.

View observations and export data
North Dakota Real GDP · source units
PeriodNorth DakotaRankU.S. benchmark
2025$65.27B#45 of 50$23.94T
2024$64.96B#45 of 50$23.39T
2023$63.51B#44 of 50$22.72T
2022$58.62B#45 of 50$22.08T
2021$57.7B#45 of 50$21.56T
2020$56.72B#45 of 50$20.28T
2019$59.35B#45 of 50$20.72T
2018$58.48B#45 of 50$20.19T
2017$56.53B#45 of 50$19.61T
2016$54.76B#45 of 50$19.14T
2015$58.69B#44 of 50$18.8T
2014$60.19B#43 of 50$18.26T
How major events are selected

The timeline combines the corresponding national fact’s reviewed event catalog, labeled National context, with individually reviewed state milestones. State events use primary sources and distinguish signing, effective and filing dates. Each milestone keeps its source-check date, geographical limits and evidence limits. This curated selection is not a complete history.

Date ranges affect events and actions. Action type, status and official-name search affect government records only. Events remain separate from action counts. An event after the latest observation extends context without creating a new reading.

North Dakota · state comparison

North Dakota output and growth

Annual real GDP removes price changes. Annual growth compares annual levels; it is separate from an annualized quarterly growth rate.

North Dakota · 2025$65.27B
North Dakota rank#45among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$23.94TSame measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

Real GDP

Total value added produced in the state in millions of chained 2017 dollars.

Annual estimates; the downloaded BEA snapshot is retained with a source hash. Revisions can change historical values and ranks.

Hover to inspect. Click or tap to compare that period with every state. Focus the graph and use arrow keys, Home or End to select a period. Press Escape to return to the latest period.

North Dakota
Real GDP history in North Dakota$-3.53T$12T$27.53T20142025
2025 · North Dakota: $65.27B · Rank #45 of 50, highest first · U.S. benchmark: $23.94T · Selected for state comparison
View history and select a period
North Dakota Real GDP history
PeriodNorth DakotaCompare
2014$60.19B
2015$58.69B
2016$54.76B
2017$56.53B
2018$58.48B
2019$59.35B
2020$56.72B
2021$57.7B
2022$58.62B
2023$63.51B
2024$64.96B
2025$65.27B

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. North Dakota stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. North Dakota has a dark outline.

Lower value · $38.06BHigher value · $3.43TStriped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

North Dakota · $65.27B2025 · Rank #45 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare North Dakota with every state · 50 ranked
Real GDP · 2025 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1California$3.43T—
#2Texas$2.33T—
#3New York$1.89T—
#4Florida$1.38T—
#5Illinois$948.03B—
#6Pennsylvania$815.87B—
#7Ohio$738.49B—
#8Georgia$719.74B—
#9Washington$715.88B—
#10New Jersey$688.76B—
#11North Carolina$682.83B—
#12Massachusetts$640.79B—
#13Virginia$631.98B—
#14Michigan$575.4B—
#15Colorado$452.78B—
#16Arizona$451.49B—
#17Tennessee$447.66B—
#18Maryland$437.37B—
#19Indiana$422.47B—
#20Minnesota$392.31B—
#21Wisconsin$363.84B—
#22Missouri$362.46B—
#23Connecticut$297.35B—
#24South Carolina$287.16B—
#25Oregon$264.75B—
#26Louisiana$263.89B—
#27Alabama$259.46B—
#28Utah$243.04B—
#29Kentucky$239.51B—
#30Oklahoma$216.31B—
#31Nevada$210.1B—
#32Iowa$204.86B—
#33Kansas$178.51B—
#34Nebraska$156.61B—
#35Arkansas$147.93B—
#36Mississippi$123.37B—
#37New Mexico$122.58B—
#38Idaho$103.62B—
#39New Hampshire$99.06B—
#40Hawaii$93.38B—
#41Delaware$89.92B—
#42West Virginia$84.94B—
#43Maine$77.23B—
#44Rhode Island$67.25B—
#45North Dakota · your comparison$65.27B—
#46Montana$61.08B—
#47South Dakota$59.87B—
#48Alaska$56.34B—
#49Wyoming$40.16B—
#50Vermont$38.06B—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

North Dakota · state comparison

What makes up North Dakota GDP?

Choose an industry to compare North Dakota’s output with every state. Nominal industry values can be added within a year.

North Dakota · 2025$4.71B
North Dakota rank#20among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$255.93BSame measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting · output

Industry value added, current dollars. The broad industries listed form an exhaustive partition of total GDP.

A large industry output rank can reflect the size of the state. Chained-dollar components should not be added.

Hover to inspect. Click or tap to compare that period with every state. Focus the graph and use arrow keys, Home or End to select a period. Press Escape to return to the latest period.

North Dakota
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting · output history in North Dakota$-41.03B$148.04B$337.1B20142025
2025 · North Dakota: $4.71B · Rank #20 of 50, highest first · U.S. benchmark: $255.93B · Selected for state comparison
View history and select a period
North Dakota Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting · output history
PeriodNorth DakotaCompare
2014$2.96B
2015$2.6B
2016$2.79B
2017$2.95B
2018$3.19B
2019$2.6B
2020$3.1B
2021$4.35B
2022$7.02B
2023$5.92B
2024$4.84B
2025$4.71B

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. North Dakota stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. North Dakota has a dark outline.

Lower value · $164.2MHigher value · $50.67BStriped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

North Dakota · $4.71B2025 · Rank #20 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare North Dakota with every state · 50 ranked
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting · output · 2025 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1California$50.67B—
#2Texas$16.95B—
#3Iowa$14.1B—
#4Nebraska$10.6B—
#5Illinois$9.52B—
#6Florida$8.33B—
#7Washington$8.05B—
#8Minnesota$8.01B—
#9Indiana$7.13B—
#10South Dakota$7.08B—
#11Kansas$7.02B—
#12Ohio$7B—
#13Wisconsin$6.58B—
#14Oregon$6.18B—
#15Michigan$6.02B—
#16Missouri$5.71B—
#17North Carolina$5.55B—
#18Idaho$5.41B—
#19Pennsylvania$4.97B—
#20North Dakota · your comparison$4.71B—
#21Georgia$4.53B—
#22Oklahoma$4.26B—
#23Arkansas$4.13B—
#24Kentucky$3.75B—
#25New York$3.55B—
#26Alabama$3.29B—
#27Mississippi$2.99B—
#28Colorado$2.98B—
#29Arizona$2.85B—
#30Montana$2.49B—
#31Louisiana$2.42B—
#32Virginia$2.37B—
#33Tennessee$2.01B—
#34New Mexico$1.7B—
#35South Carolina$1.63B—
#36Utah$1.59B—
#37Maryland$1.31B—
#38New Jersey$1.27B—
#39Maine$1.2B—
#40Wyoming$888.5M—
#41Massachusetts$869.6M—
#42Delaware$741.1M—
#43West Virginia$561.8M—
#44Hawaii$553.9M—
#45Nevada$551.2M—
#46Vermont$536.1M—
#47Alaska$488.1M—
#48Connecticut$341.8M—
#49New Hampshire$320.1M—
#50Rhode Island$164.2M—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

North Dakota · state comparison

Does growth translate into more work?

BEA’s total employment counts jobs, including proprietors, rather than distinct people.

North Dakota · 2025605,276
North Dakota rank#47among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark218,324,700Same measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

Total employment · jobs

BEA annual total full-time and part-time employment, including proprietors. One person can hold multiple jobs.

Separate from residence-based civilian employment in BLS LAUS and from nonfarm payroll employment.

Hover to inspect. Click or tap to compare that period with every state. Focus the graph and use arrow keys, Home or End to select a period. Press Escape to return to the latest period.

North Dakota
Total employment · jobs history in North Dakota-32,101,031109,443,948250,988,92620142025
2025 · North Dakota: 605,276 · Rank #47 of 50, highest first · U.S. benchmark: 218,324,700 · Selected for state comparison
View history and select a period
North Dakota Total employment · jobs history
PeriodNorth DakotaCompare
2014607,634
2015598,248
2016577,551
2017574,211
2018579,956
2019583,460
2020563,195
2021570,971
2022585,610
2023596,388
2024604,115
2025605,276

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. North Dakota stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. North Dakota has a dark outline.

Lower value · 439,349Higher value · 25,407,891Striped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

North Dakota · 605,2762025 · Rank #47 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare North Dakota with every state · 50 ranked
Total employment · jobs · 2025 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1California25,407,891—
#2Texas20,639,097—
#3Florida15,174,955—
#4New York13,498,360—
#5Illinois8,197,037—
#6Pennsylvania8,150,272—
#7Ohio7,394,537—
#8Georgia7,184,433—
#9North Carolina6,864,520—
#10New Jersey6,095,348—
#11Michigan5,946,187—
#12Virginia5,789,397—
#13Massachusetts5,020,627—
#14Washington4,879,224—
#15Tennessee4,633,711—
#16Arizona4,455,141—
#17Colorado4,231,488—
#18Indiana4,213,622—
#19Maryland4,009,451—
#20Missouri3,998,549—
#21Minnesota3,914,167—
#22Wisconsin3,855,203—
#23South Carolina3,245,739—
#24Alabama2,966,686—
#25Louisiana2,831,737—
#26Kentucky2,718,290—
#27Oregon2,671,758—
#28Oklahoma2,466,719—
#29Utah2,458,247—
#30Connecticut2,424,541—
#31Nevada2,163,825—
#32Iowa2,122,389—
#33Kansas2,007,083—
#34Arkansas1,811,561—
#35Mississippi1,713,294—
#36Nebraska1,410,465—
#37Idaho1,238,642—
#38New Mexico1,183,906—
#39New Hampshire942,254—
#40Hawaii925,451—
#41West Virginia910,570—
#42Maine898,379—
#43Montana761,061—
#44Rhode Island690,505—
#45Delaware678,218—
#46South Dakota665,420—
#47North Dakota · your comparison605,276—
#48Alaska472,008—
#49Wyoming451,906—
#50Vermont439,349—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

What candidates are saying

Explore statements about GDP, economic growth and production from FactVote’s North Dakota candidate profiles. Compare candidates within each recorded race, with each person’s matching statements kept together. These are candidate and campaign statements, not verified outcomes.

4 statements from 2 candidates

2026 North Dakota Tax Commissioner — General Election

1 candidate with matching statements · 2 statements

Brian Kroshus

2 statements

Republican · Tax Commissioner · ND

Economic growth & production context

Promote long-term economic growth in North Dakota.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Economic Growth

Candidate campaign source

Promote long-term economic growth in North Dakota.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 23, 2026

Brian Kroshus — candidate-owned primary source 1 ↗
View 1 more statement from Brian Kroshus
Economic growth & production context

Fairness, transparency and protecting taxpayer dollars are my top priorities. I will continue to work diligently to foster effective, public-private partnerships, support business development and drive long-term economic growth to create new job opportunities and support prosperity for all.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Taxes, economy, workers, agriculture, and affordability

Candidate campaign source

Fairness, transparency and protecting taxpayer dollars are my top priorities. I will continue to work diligently to foster effective, public-private partnerships, support business development and drive long-term economic growth to create new job opportunities and support prosperity for all.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 23, 2026

Brian Kroshus — candidate-owned primary source 1 ↗

2026 North Dakota U.S. House — General Election

1 candidate with matching statements · 2 statements

Trygve Hammer

2 statements

Democratic-NPL · U.S. House · ND

Economic growth & production context

Clarify federal tax treatment of tribally chartered entities and enact tax reforms supporting Tribal economic development.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Tribal Tax Policy

Candidate campaign source

Clarify federal tax treatment of tribally chartered entities and enact tax reforms supporting Tribal economic development.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 23, 2026

Trygve Hammer campaign source 5 ↗
View 1 more statement from Trygve Hammer
Economic growth & production context

Tribal Sovereignty Trygve Hammer advocates for legislation that recognizes the recovery of Indian lands by Native Sovereign Nations with full protection. He supports ensuring these lands are governed by Tribal civil and criminal jurisdiction. Voting Rights Hammer is committed to protecting and expan…

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Empowering Tribal Sovereignty and Self-Determination

Candidate campaign source

Tribal Sovereignty Trygve Hammer advocates for legislation that recognizes the recovery of Indian lands by Native Sovereign Nations with full protection. He supports ensuring these lands are governed by Tribal civil and criminal jurisdiction. Voting Rights Hammer is committed to protecting and expanding the voting rights of Indigenous peoples, supporting legislation like the Native American Voting Rights Act (NAVRA) to remove barriers and enhance voting access. Taxation Hammer calls on the IRS to clarify the tax status of tribally chartered entities and supports tax reforms that promote Tribal sovereignty and economic development.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 23, 2026

Trygve Hammer campaign source 5 ↗
How statements are selected

This section matches specific GDP, economic growth and production terms in retained, attributed source text from published North Dakota candidate profiles. A profile heading or biography alone does not qualify. The Florida geography is fixed; saved state preferences cannot change these results. A mention can concern a community or group rather than Florida’s statewide measure.

Matching is automatic and does not establish a candidate’s stance, the accuracy of a claim, or an effect on the measured result. Results are grouped by recorded race, then by candidate name. Within each candidate, the matching issue mentions appear first. Only candidates with matching retained statements are shown; this is not a complete race roster. Repeated identical text for the same candidate is shown once. Coverage follows the existing state profiles and is not a complete record of all candidates or everything they have said. Review dates are not statement dates.

North Dakota incumbents

What incumbents are proposing

Explore reviewed bills sponsored by current North Dakota legislators and North Dakota’s congressional delegation, plus retained proposals from North Dakota’s governor and agencies. Each record keeps its latest recorded status and official evidence.

0 matching sponsorships or proposals · 0 North Dakota incumbents. These filters apply only to this section.

No retained proposals match these filters. A missing record does not mean an incumbent has taken no action.

What sponsorship and proposal counts tell us

Only current North Dakota officeholders retained in the reviewed collection qualify. Bills require a recorded primary sponsorship; cosponsors and signing officials are excluded from sponsorship counts. An official introducer recorded as acting by request is labeled “Introduced by request”; that procedural role does not establish personal policy endorsement. Governor and agency records qualify when recorded as proposed. A separately verified governor transmittal can also establish an original proposal whose latest status reflects its later outcome. Signing an enacted law alone does not establish a proposal. A record appearing under several facts is counted once per officeholder. A bill with multiple primary sponsors appears under each recorded sponsor.

Enacted bills, adopted resolutions and unsuccessful measures remain visible as proposal history. Passing one chamber is not enactment. These counts do not measure effectiveness or prove that an action changed a North Dakota statistic. Collection reviewed Sep 16, 2026.