Mississippi state-government finances, comparable debt and interest figures, and the enacted budget.
The national companion measures federal finances. Here the unit is Mississippi state government. Federal debt is not allocated to Mississippi; a state budget is not the federal budget.
Explore Mississippi readings, major events and reviewed actions on the same date scale. Mississippi officeholders appear in separate lanes. National event evidence describes national context; it does not measure a Mississippi effect.
Major events & context · A curated selection, including uncertain effects. Milestone dates do not establish that an event caused a Mississippi change.
Colors show the latest recorded status. Passing one chamber is not enactment. A number groups actions with the same date, body and status.
No comparable time series is retained for this topic. The chart shows events and reviewed actions; current state comparisons appear below.
Move across the chart to inspect the nearest observation. Click or tap to keep a reading selected, or focus the chart and use the arrow keys. Hover over or focus a marker to explore; click or tap to pin. Press Escape to clear.
1 of 1 reviewed Mississippi actions match · 1 date markers shown. 50 major events shown separately.
The timeline combines the corresponding national fact’s reviewed event catalog, labeled National context, with individually reviewed state milestones. State events use primary sources and distinguish signing, effective and filing dates. Each milestone keeps its source-check date, geographical limits and evidence limits. This curated selection is not a complete history.
Date ranges affect events and actions. Action type, status and official-name search affect government records only. Events remain separate from action counts. An event after the latest observation extends context without creating a new reading.
Compare state-government balances and interest expenditure from the same Census fiscal-year survey.
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
Long-term debt outstanding plus short-term debt outstanding at fiscal year end.
State governments only, Census level 2; amounts converted from thousands to dollars. Fiscal-year ending dates differ among states. Excludes local-government debt. Dollar ranks describe scale, not credit quality.
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Mississippi stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Mississippi has a dark outline.
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.
| Rank | State | Value | Comparison notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | California | $166.39B | — |
| #2 | New York | $120.59B | — |
| #3 | Texas | $70.05B | — |
| #4 | Massachusetts | $65.87B | — |
| #5 | New Jersey | $57.23B | — |
| #6 | Pennsylvania | $48.67B | — |
| #7 | Illinois | $43.38B | — |
| #8 | Virginia | $33.73B | — |
| #9 | Connecticut | $33.27B | — |
| #10 | Ohio | $32.29B | — |
| #11 | Washington | $30.62B | — |
| #12 | Maryland | $25.9B | — |
| #13 | Michigan | $25.02B | — |
| #14 | Colorado | $23.57B | — |
| #15 | Wisconsin | $22.79B | — |
| #16 | Florida | $20.14B | — |
| #17 | Minnesota | $17.03B | — |
| #18 | Oregon | $16.91B | — |
| #19 | Louisiana | $16.09B | — |
| #20 | South Carolina | $15.36B | — |
| #21 | West Virginia | $15.08B | — |
| #22 | Georgia | $14.05B | — |
| #23 | North Carolina | $13.13B | — |
| #24 | Hawaii | $11.72B | — |
| #25 | Rhode Island | $11.41B | — |
| #26 | Alabama | $10.99B | — |
| #27 | Oklahoma | $10.15B | — |
| #28 | Kentucky | $10.08B | — |
| #29 | Tennessee | $9.03B | — |
| #30 | Indiana | $8.52B | — |
| #31 | Iowa | $8.06B | — |
| #32 | Arkansas | $8.05B | — |
| #33 | Mississippi · your comparison | $7.72B | — |
| #34 | New Hampshire | $7.58B | — |
| #35 | Kansas | $7.16B | — |
| #36 | New Mexico | $7.12B | — |
| #37 | Missouri | $6.99B | — |
| #38 | Arizona | $6.88B | — |
| #39 | Alaska | $5.72B | — |
| #40 | Utah | $5.55B | — |
| #41 | Maine | $5.3B | — |
| #42 | North Dakota | $4.89B | — |
| #43 | South Dakota | $4.67B | — |
| #44 | Delaware | $3.69B | — |
| #45 | Nebraska | $3.39B | — |
| #46 | Nevada | $2.89B | — |
| #47 | Montana | $2.76B | — |
| #48 | Vermont | $2.67B | — |
| #49 | Wyoming | $1.26B | — |
| #50 | Idaho | $728.59M | — |
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
All measures use Census state-government records for FY2024. Categories describe collections; they do not rank statutory tax rates.
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
Census category T09.
State governments only, Census level 2; amounts converted from thousands to dollars. Fiscal-year ending dates differ among states.
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Mississippi stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Mississippi has a dark outline.
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.
| Rank | State | Value | Comparison notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | Texas | $54.35B | — |
| #2 | California | $53.33B | — |
| #3 | Florida | $40.09B | — |
| #4 | Washington | $22.81B | — |
| #5 | New York | $19.99B | — |
| #6 | Ohio | $16.33B | — |
| #7 | Illinois | $16.05B | — |
| #8 | Pennsylvania | $15.6B | — |
| #9 | New Jersey | $14.31B | — |
| #10 | Tennessee | $14.08B | — |
| #11 | Arizona | $13.16B | — |
| #12 | Michigan | $12.7B | — |
| #13 | North Carolina | $12.16B | — |
| #14 | Indiana | $10.96B | — |
| #15 | Massachusetts | $9.4B | — |
| #16 | Georgia | $9.01B | — |
| #17 | Minnesota | $8.49B | — |
| #18 | Nevada | $8.4B | — |
| #19 | Wisconsin | $7.59B | — |
| #20 | Virginia | $7.4B | — |
| #21 | Maryland | $6.85B | — |
| #22 | South Carolina | $6.44B | — |
| #23 | Connecticut | $6.23B | — |
| #24 | Kentucky | $5.8B | — |
| #25 | Missouri | $5.26B | — |
| #26 | Mississippi · your comparison | $5.07B | — |
| #27 | Arkansas | $5.07B | — |
| #28 | Louisiana | $4.87B | — |
| #29 | Hawaii | $4.79B | — |
| #30 | Colorado | $4.67B | — |
| #31 | Iowa | $4.64B | — |
| #32 | Utah | $4.63B | — |
| #33 | Alabama | $4.59B | — |
| #34 | Kansas | $4.33B | — |
| #35 | New Mexico | $4.33B | — |
| #36 | Oklahoma | $3.81B | — |
| #37 | Idaho | $3.09B | — |
| #38 | Nebraska | $2.97B | — |
| #39 | Maine | $2.35B | — |
| #40 | West Virginia | $1.82B | — |
| #41 | South Dakota | $1.68B | — |
| #42 | Rhode Island | $1.63B | — |
| #43 | Oregon | $1.34B | — |
| #44 | North Dakota | $1.32B | — |
| #45 | Wyoming | $1.01B | — |
| #46 | Vermont | $597.33M | — |
| #47 | Alaska | $0 | — |
| #47 | Delaware | $0 | — |
| #47 | Montana | $0 | — |
| #47 | New Hampshire | $0 | — |
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
Census categories allow consistent comparisons. These selected categories are not a breakdown of the current Mississippi appropriations act.
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
Current operations for public welfare institutions and other public welfare, excluding capital and transfers.
State governments only, Census level 2; amounts converted from thousands to dollars. Fiscal-year ending dates differ among states.
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Mississippi stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Mississippi has a dark outline.
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.
| Rank | State | Value | Comparison notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | California | $156.71B | — |
| #2 | New York | $97.35B | — |
| #3 | Texas | $57.32B | — |
| #4 | Illinois | $41.13B | — |
| #5 | Florida | $40.11B | — |
| #6 | Ohio | $39.77B | — |
| #7 | Pennsylvania | $39.34B | — |
| #8 | Massachusetts | $34.12B | — |
| #9 | North Carolina | $30.64B | — |
| #10 | New Jersey | $28.06B | — |
| #11 | Arizona | $26.02B | — |
| #12 | Michigan | $24.37B | — |
| #13 | Virginia | $23.68B | — |
| #14 | Minnesota | $23.37B | — |
| #15 | Indiana | $22.93B | — |
| #16 | Maryland | $21.61B | — |
| #17 | Kentucky | $20.54B | — |
| #18 | Oregon | $20.47B | — |
| #19 | Washington | $19.6B | — |
| #20 | Georgia | $18.99B | — |
| #21 | Louisiana | $18.69B | — |
| #22 | Tennessee | $16.42B | — |
| #23 | Wisconsin | $16.26B | — |
| #24 | Missouri | $15.65B | — |
| #25 | Oklahoma | $14.57B | — |
| #26 | Colorado | $13.6B | — |
| #27 | South Carolina | $12.84B | — |
| #28 | New Mexico | $10.72B | — |
| #29 | Iowa | $10.26B | — |
| #30 | Alabama | $9.73B | — |
| #31 | Arkansas | $8.67B | — |
| #32 | Mississippi · your comparison | $8.08B | — |
| #33 | Utah | $6.91B | — |
| #34 | Kansas | $6.84B | — |
| #35 | Nevada | $6.62B | — |
| #36 | West Virginia | $6.24B | — |
| #37 | Maine | $5.7B | — |
| #38 | Nebraska | $4.97B | — |
| #39 | Connecticut | $4.88B | — |
| #40 | Rhode Island | $4.54B | — |
| #41 | Hawaii | $4.14B | — |
| #42 | Delaware | $3.97B | — |
| #43 | Idaho | $3.73B | — |
| #44 | Alaska | $3.27B | — |
| #45 | Montana | $2.89B | — |
| #46 | New Hampshire | $2.72B | — |
| #47 | Vermont | $2.69B | — |
| #48 | North Dakota | $2.09B | — |
| #49 | South Dakota | $1.95B | — |
| #50 | Wyoming | $1.09B | — |
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
The enacted plan, spending categories and audited activity use different periods and accounting scopes; they are kept separate.
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
Sum of Census current-operation expenditure categories, excluding capital outlay, interest, and assistance/subsidy expenditure.
State governments only, Census level 2; amounts converted from thousands to dollars. Fiscal-year ending dates differ among states. This FY2024 comparison differs in scope and period from Mississippi’s FY2027 appropriations and Fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 — latest ACFR published by DFA audit shown below.
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Mississippi stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Mississippi has a dark outline.
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.
| Rank | State | Value | Comparison notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| #1 | California | $287.03B | — |
| #2 | New York | $161.37B | — |
| #3 | Texas | $136.18B | — |
| #4 | Florida | $86.61B | — |
| #5 | Pennsylvania | $77.15B | — |
| #6 | Illinois | $75.67B | — |
| #7 | Ohio | $66.77B | — |
| #8 | New Jersey | $64.53B | — |
| #9 | Massachusetts | $61.38B | — |
| #10 | North Carolina | $59.01B | — |
| #11 | Michigan | $57.27B | — |
| #12 | Virginia | $53.45B | — |
| #13 | Washington | $49.82B | — |
| #14 | Georgia | $45.19B | — |
| #15 | Maryland | $45.06B | — |
| #16 | Oregon | $41.41B | — |
| #17 | Arizona | $38.71B | — |
| #18 | Minnesota | $38.1B | — |
| #19 | Indiana | $37.4B | — |
| #20 | Kentucky | $36.94B | — |
| #21 | Wisconsin | $34.5B | — |
| #22 | Missouri | $34.43B | — |
| #23 | South Carolina | $32.85B | — |
| #24 | Colorado | $32.73B | — |
| #25 | Louisiana | $31.67B | — |
| #26 | Tennessee | $31.12B | — |
| #27 | Alabama | $26.99B | — |
| #28 | Oklahoma | $24.28B | — |
| #29 | Utah | $22.7B | — |
| #30 | New Mexico | $21.94B | — |
| #31 | Connecticut | $21.22B | — |
| #32 | Iowa | $19.89B | — |
| #33 | Kansas | $18.39B | — |
| #34 | Hawaii | $16.62B | — |
| #35 | Mississippi · your comparison | $16.46B | — |
| #36 | Arkansas | $16.28B | — |
| #37 | West Virginia | $13.19B | — |
| #38 | Nevada | $12.43B | — |
| #39 | Nebraska | $10.41B | — |
| #40 | Maine | $10.12B | — |
| #41 | Delaware | $9.24B | — |
| #42 | Rhode Island | $8.93B | — |
| #43 | Alaska | $8.4B | — |
| #44 | Idaho | $8.21B | — |
| #45 | New Hampshire | $7.12B | — |
| #46 | Montana | $6.44B | — |
| #47 | Vermont | $6.28B | — |
| #48 | North Dakota | $5.63B | — |
| #49 | South Dakota | $4.55B | — |
| #50 | Wyoming | $4.01B | — |
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
The Legislative Budget Office's final FY2027 State Support total after gubernatorial partial vetoes. State Support combines the General Fund, Education Enhancement Fund, Health Care Expendable Fund, Opioid Settlement Fund, Tobacco Control Fund, Capital Expense Fund, and Gulf Coast Restoration Fund. It is not an all-funds budget and excludes agency special funds, federal funds, and FY2026 reappropriations shown separately in the report.
Shares of the $9.669 billion in taxes reported as general revenue for Mississippi's primary government. The chart reflects State-government revenue and does not include all taxes retained by counties, municipalities, school districts, and other local governments.
Exact State Support functional totals from Schedule IA. FactVote combines related official functions into seven service categories that reconcile exactly to the final State Support total.
Government-wide activity for Mississippi's primary government on the accrual basis. Revenue combines program revenues and general revenues; transfers cancel within the primary-government total.
Explore statements about budgets, government spending, deficits and public debt from FactVote’s Mississippi candidate profiles. Compare candidates within each recorded race, with each person’s matching statements kept together. These are candidate and campaign statements, not verified outcomes.
Stabilize the national debt with sustainable production
Stabilize the national debt with sustainable productionMichael A. Chiaradio — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Every American should have access to high quality preventive and curative healthcare at a low cost. But today, out-of-pocket expenses are an enormous financial risk and premium costs strain household budgets, thereby weakening our economy.
Every American should have access to high quality preventive and curative healthcare at a low cost. But today, out-of-pocket expenses are an enormous financial risk and premium costs strain household budgets, thereby weakening our economy.Michael A. Chiaradio — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
By investing wisely in our consumers and in our productive capacities, we can put our economy back on sustainable footing over time and begin stabilizing our budget deficits and national debt in a way that will ensure economic stability for generations to come.
By investing wisely in our consumers and in our productive capacities, we can put our economy back on sustainable footing over time and begin stabilizing our budget deficits and national debt in a way that will ensure economic stability for generations to come.Michael A. Chiaradio — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
I am deeply concerned about the federal budget and the runaway spending that threatens our nation’s future. Our national debt now exceeds $38.5 trillion—with interest payments alone becoming one of the fastest-growing expenses in the budget—and the debt-to-GDP ratio hovers around 124%. This is unsus…
I am deeply concerned about the federal budget and the runaway spending that threatens our nation’s future. Our national debt now exceeds $38.5 trillion—with interest payments alone becoming one of the fastest-growing expenses in the budget—and the debt-to-GDP ratio hovers around 124%. This is unsustainable.Carl Boyanton — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
In Congress, I will fight for these reforms: zero-based budgeting, timely and transparent appropriations, an end to deficit spending as usual, and passage of a balanced budget amendment. We have the resources and ingenuity to govern responsibly without bankrupting our country. It's time to put Ameri…
In Congress, I will fight for these reforms: zero-based budgeting, timely and transparent appropriations, an end to deficit spending as usual, and passage of a balanced budget amendment. We have the resources and ingenuity to govern responsibly without bankrupting our country. It's time to put America's fiscal house in order, protect our economy, and secure a prosperous future for the next generation of Mississippians and all Americans.Carl Boyanton — candidate-owned primary source 5 ↗
I am deeply concerned about the federal budget and the runaway spending that threatens our nation's future. Our national debt now exceeds $38.5 trillion—with interest payments alone becoming one of the fastest-growing expenses in the budget—and the debt-to-GDP ratio hovers around 124%. This is unsus…
I am deeply concerned about the federal budget and the runaway spending that threatens our nation's future. Our national debt now exceeds $38.5 trillion—with interest payments alone becoming one of the fastest-growing expenses in the budget—and the debt-to-GDP ratio hovers around 124%. This is unsustainable.Carl Boyanton — candidate-owned primary source 5 ↗
Eliminating even a fraction of this fraud and waste could go a long way toward balancing our budget, reducing the debt burden on our children, and restoring trust in government. Mississippi taxpayers deserve better than to see their hard-earned money vanish into a black hole of corruption. In Congre…
Eliminating even a fraction of this fraud and waste could go a long way toward balancing our budget, reducing the debt burden on our children, and restoring trust in government. Mississippi taxpayers deserve better than to see their hard-earned money vanish into a black hole of corruption. In Congress, I will make rooting out fraud, waste, and abuse a top priority—because every dollar stolen is a dollar taken from our families, our communities, and our future.Carl Boyanton — candidate-owned primary source 4 ↗
We must end the cycle of continuing resolutions (CRs) that kick the can down the road and enable unchecked spending. Instead, Congress should pass clean, individual spending bills on time—full-year appropriations debated openly and voted on separately. No more massive omnibus packages loaded with po…
We must end the cycle of continuing resolutions (CRs) that kick the can down the road and enable unchecked spending. Instead, Congress should pass clean, individual spending bills on time—full-year appropriations debated openly and voted on separately. No more massive omnibus packages loaded with pork and hidden earmarks.Carl Boyanton — candidate-owned primary source 5 ↗
Ultimately, the only way to enforce fiscal discipline in the long term is a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution. This would require the federal government to balance its budget each year, with limited exceptions for emergencies such as war or recession, and to cap spending as a percentage …
Ultimately, the only way to enforce fiscal discipline in the long term is a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution. This would require the federal government to balance its budget each year, with limited exceptions for emergencies such as war or recession, and to cap spending as a percentage of GDP. Many states, including Mississippi, already operate under balanced budget requirements—Washington needs to follow suit.Carl Boyanton — candidate-owned primary source 5 ↗
Mike will oppose the radical left's attempts to cut our defense budget, which would leave our military under-prepared and under-equipped. He'll fight to make sure that our government honors the commitment we made to our nation's veterans, and he'll work to clean up bureaucracy and ensure our veteran…
Mike will oppose the radical left's attempts to cut our defense budget, which would leave our military under-prepared and under-equipped. He'll fight to make sure that our government honors the commitment we made to our nation's veterans, and he'll work to clean up bureaucracy and ensure our veterans are treated with respect and dignity.Mike Ezell — candidate-owned primary source 6 ↗
This section matches specific budgets, government spending, deficits and public debt terms in retained, attributed source text from published Mississippi candidate profiles. A profile heading or biography alone does not qualify. The Florida geography is fixed; saved state preferences cannot change these results. A mention can concern a community or group rather than Florida’s statewide measure.
Matching is automatic and does not establish a candidate’s stance, the accuracy of a claim, or an effect on the measured result. Results are grouped by recorded race, then by candidate name. Within each candidate, the matching issue mentions appear first. Only candidates with matching retained statements are shown; this is not a complete race roster. Repeated identical text for the same candidate is shown once. Coverage follows the existing state profiles and is not a complete record of all candidates or everything they have said. Review dates are not statement dates.
Explore reviewed bills sponsored by current Mississippi legislators and Mississippi’s congressional delegation, plus retained proposals from Mississippi’s governor and agencies. Each record keeps its latest recorded status and official evidence.
1 matching sponsorship or proposal · 1 Mississippi incumbent. These filters apply only to this section.
Mississippi House of Representatives, District 80 · D–MS
1 proposalFeb 3, 2026 · Died in committee
Omeria Scott · Sponsored
The reviewed opening provisions of HB 163 would establish the HOPE program to re-enroll high-school dropouts through age 21, with grants subject to appropriation and possible district, college and community partnerships. Participants seeking diplomas would still have to meet district graduation requirements. The bill died in committee and does not establish enrollment or future diploma attainment.
02/03 (H) Died In Committee. This bill did not enact the reviewed proposal.
The fact measures diploma-or-higher attainment among adults age 25 and older. Programs for younger students concern a possible future component of adult attainment rather than the previously measured population. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.
Retained Mississippi evidence context: Adults with at least a high school diploma. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
SECTION 1. (1) There is established the Hope and Opportunity Pathways through Education (HOPE) Program. The State Department of Education shall implement and administer the HOPE Program. The goal of the HOPE Program is to develop a comprehensive system in this state to re—enroll significant numbers of high school dropouts in programs that will enable them to earn their high school diploma. (2) Through the HOPE Program, the State Department of Education shall award grants, subject to appropriation for this purpose, to school districts to assist in establishing instructional programs and other services designed to re—enroll high school dropouts. The HOPE Program may provide incentive grant funds for a school district to develop partnerships with other school districts, public community colleges and community groups to build comprehensive plans to re—enroll high school dropouts in their regions or districts. Programs funded through the HOPE Program must allow high school dropouts, up to and including persons twenty-one (21) years of age, to re-enroll in an educational program in conformance with rules adopted by the State Board of Education. Programs may include, without limitation, comprehensive year—round programming, evening school, summer school, community college courses, adult education, vocational training, work experience, programs to enhance self-concept and parenting courses. Any student in the HOPE Program who wishes to earn a high school diploma must meet the prerequisites to receiving a high school diploma and any other graduation requirements of the student's school district of residence. Any student who successfully completes the requirements for his or her graduation must be awarded a diploma identifying the student as graduating from his or her school district of residence.Review official supporting evidence ↗
Only current Mississippi officeholders retained in the reviewed collection qualify. Bills require a recorded primary sponsorship; cosponsors and signing officials are excluded from sponsorship counts. An official introducer recorded as acting by request is labeled “Introduced by request”; that procedural role does not establish personal policy endorsement. Governor and agency records qualify when recorded as proposed. A separately verified governor transmittal can also establish an original proposal whose latest status reflects its later outcome. Signing an enacted law alone does not establish a proposal. A record appearing under several facts is counted once per officeholder. A bill with multiple primary sponsors appears under each recorded sponsor.
Enacted bills, adopted resolutions and unsuccessful measures remain visible as proposal history. Passing one chamber is not enactment. These counts do not measure effectiveness or prove that an action changed a Mississippi statistic. Collection reviewed Sep 16, 2026.