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Virginia

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State snapshot

Virginia facts

Explore dated, statewide figures across taxes and the economy, housing, public safety, health, education, and other civic topics.

Explore Virginia individual facts and compare every state →

14 topic facts + fiscal overview + 9 state trends + 1775 reviewed government links

Public money

How Virginia funds state services

The FY2027 enacted operating budget, audited statewide tax revenue, and appropriations by service area. Each section keeps its own fiscal period and accounting scope; appropriations, audited results, and local property taxes are separate.

Enacted budget plan

$102.5BFY2027

Enacted June 29, 2026

FY2027 enacted operating budget

July 1, 2026–June 30, 2027

Exact reported total: $102,511,360,895

All FY2027 operating appropriations in Chapter 1 across general, special, federal, and other fund sources. The headline excludes the separately reported $2,740,126,264 FY2027 capital budget.

Virginia Department of Planning and Budget: Chapter 1, 2026 Acts of Assembly, Special Session I — Official Enacted Budget

FY2025 audited actual

Where State tax revenue comes from

$37.4B$37,377,531,000

Shares of the $37.4 billion in taxes reported as general revenue for Virginia's primary government. The denominator excludes grants, charges for services, investment earnings, miscellaneous revenue, and locally administered property taxes.

Individual and fiduciary income tax$20.3B · 54.2%

Audited individual and fiduciary income tax general revenue.

Sales and use tax$7.6B · 20.2%

Audited sales and use tax general revenue.

Other State taxes$4.4B · 11.9%

Communications, recordation and court-document, insurance-premium, alcohol, tobacco, estate, public-service-corporation, beverage, bank-stock, and the ACFR's Other Taxes lines combined.

Motor-fuel tax$2.1B · 5.5%

Audited motor-fuel tax general revenue.

Corporation income tax$1.8B · 4.7%

Audited corporation income tax general revenue.

Motor-vehicle sales and use tax$1.3B · 3.4%

The ACFR's separate motor-vehicle sales and use tax line.

FY2027 enacted operating budget

FY2027 enacted operating spending plan

$102.5B$102,511,360,895

Every secretarial-area operating total in Virginia's official enacted-budget report is assigned exactly once to one of these service areas. The groups reconcile to the enacted operating total and exclude the separate capital budget.

Health and human resources$37.3B · 36.4%

The Health and Human Resources secretarial-area operating appropriation.

Education$32.4B · 31.7%

The Education secretarial-area operating appropriation, including K–12 and higher education agencies.

Transportation$12.5B · 12.2%

The Transportation secretarial-area operating appropriation.

Administration, finance, and central operations$9.1B · 8.8%

Administration, Finance, Central Appropriations, Legislative, and Executive Offices.

Public safety, courts, veterans, and defense$4.4B · 4.2%

Public Safety and Homeland Security, Judicial, and Veterans and Defense Affairs.

Independent agencies$3.6B · 3.5%

The official report's Independent Agencies operating total.

Natural resources, commerce, labor, and agriculture$3.3B · 3.2%

Natural and Historic Resources, Commerce and Trade, Labor, and Agriculture and Forestry.

Tax structure

Common statewide rates

Property and district rates can be local. Each card states the applicable scope.

Individual income tax

2%–5.75%Virginia's graduated schedule is 2% through $3,000, 3% from $3,001 through $5,000, 5% from $5,001 through $17,000, and 5.75% above $17,000 of taxable income.Virginia Department of Taxation: 2025 Form 760 Resident Individual Income Tax Instructions

General sales and use tax

5.3%–7% by localityThe general combined rate is 5.3% in most localities and 6%, 6.3%, or 7% in listed regions and localities; qualifying food and personal-hygiene products are taxed at 1% statewide.Virginia Department of Taxation: Retail Sales and Use Tax Rates

Corporation income tax

6%The corporation income tax rate is 6% of Virginia taxable income, subject to allocation and apportionment rules for multistate businesses.Virginia Department of Taxation: Corporation Income Tax

Property tax

Local rates varyCities, counties, and towns administer real-estate and personal-property taxes, and rates differ by locality.Virginia Department of Taxation: Property Tax and Real Estate Tax Questions

Latest audited results

Fiscal year ended June 30, 2025

Audited government-wide activity for Virginia's primary government. Revenue is the ACFR's total program and general revenue before internal transfers; these accrual-accounting results are not the FY2027 appropriation.

Virginia Department of Accounts: FY2025 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report

Government-wide revenue: $77.1B
Government-wide expenses: $77.6B

Method, scope, and limitations

FactVote used Virginia's official Chapter 1 enacted-budget report, captured all 16 FY2027 secretarial-area operating totals, and assigned each exactly once to a service group. Audited tax-source shares and government-wide results come from the FY2025 ACFR; appropriations and audited accrual results are never mixed.

The $102.5 billion headline is the FY2027 operating budget and excludes the separately reported $2.74 billion capital budget.
The official budget report combines general, federal, special, and other fund sources in its operating total; this panel does not infer a fund-source split that the selected top-level report does not publish.
Virginia's locally administered property taxes are outside the audited statewide tax-source denominator. The displayed sales-tax rate includes state, local, and, where applicable, regional components, so it is not directly comparable to the ACFR revenue share.

Last verified August 28, 2026 · Review by July 31, 2027 · Virginia figures refresh annually.

Taxes and the economy

Taxes, government spending, jobs, wages, and small business.

Taxes and economy

$93,170

Median household income

2020–2024 estimate

Median annual money income of Virginia households, expressed in 2024 inflation-adjusted dollars.

Virginia$93,170

United States$80,734

Virginia's statewide median was $12,436 above the national median.

View breakdowns and source

Virginia and U.S. context

Median household income

Virginia: $93,170
United States: $80,734

Virginia's statewide median was $12,436 above the national median.

Both are Census QuickFacts 2020–2024 estimates in 2024 dollars.U.S. Census Bureau: QuickFacts: Virginia and United States

Additional income context

Per capita income: $50,666
People in poverty: 9.7%

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts estimate.

Keep in mind

Household income is not take-home pay and does not directly measure taxes, wealth, prices, or purchasing power.
A statewide median can obscure differences among households and regions.

Related state trends

Taxes and economy over time

Employment and unemployment place the latest economic facts in a longer statewide context.

Work

Employment and unemployment

2.9%unemployed

The unemployment rate is paired with employed Virginians indexed to 2015, so job recovery and labor-market slack remain readable on separate scales.

Unemployment rate
Employed people

Unemployment rate: 2.9%
Employed people: 4.4M
Employment since 2015: +9.3%

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Unemployment rate

Virginia: 2.9%
U.S. benchmark: 4.0%
State rank #1 has the highest unemployment rate — worse: #44 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics via FRED: National unemployment rate

View chart data

Year	Unemployment rate	Employed people	Employment index
2015	4.4%	4,044,175	100.0
2016	4.0%	4,081,183	100.9
2017	3.6%	4,169,561	103.1
2018	3.0%	4,222,546	104.4
2019	2.8%	4,283,473	105.9
2020	6.5%	4,051,401	100.2
2021	3.9%	4,152,757	102.7
2022	2.7%	4,309,310	106.6
2023	2.7%	4,422,328	109.4
2024	2.9%	4,419,514	109.3

Method and limitations

FactVote uses BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics annual averages for the statewide unemployment rate and civilian employment. The chart converts employment to an index with 2015 equal to 100; the data table retains the published employment level.

LAUS estimates are revised each year through the program's annual processing cycle.
Employment is residence-based civilian employment, not a count of jobs located in the state.
Annual averages smooth within-year changes.

Housing and property costs

Housing supply, affordability, renters, zoning, and property costs.

Housing

$1,579/month

Median gross rent

2020–2024 estimate

Median monthly gross rent for occupied rental units paying cash rent, including contract rent and estimated tenant-paid utilities.

Virginia$1,579/month

United States$1,413/month

Virginia's statewide median was $166 per month higher than the national median.

View breakdowns and source

Virginia and U.S. context

Median gross rent

Virginia: $1,579/month
United States: $1,413/month

Virginia's statewide median was $166 per month higher than the national median.

Both values are Census QuickFacts 2020–2024 estimates in 2024 dollars.U.S. Census Bureau: QuickFacts: Virginia and United States

Other statewide housing measures

Median owner-occupied home value: $383,700
Owner costs with a mortgage: $2,127/month
Owner-occupied housing rate: 67.3%

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts estimate derived from the American Community Survey.

Keep in mind

This is a statewide multi-year estimate; local rents and current asking rents can differ substantially.
The owner measures do not estimate the current cost to buy a home.

Related state trends

Housing over time

Home values and household income show how Virginia housing costs and purchasing power have changed together.

Housing pressure

Home prices versus income growth

+77.8%home prices

FHFA house prices and BEA personal income per person are indexed to the same starting year. A widening gap signals that home prices are rising faster than this broad income measure.

FHFA home prices
Income per person

Home-price growth: +77.8%
Income growth: +52.5%
Income per person: $80,291

U.S. comparison & state rank2025

Home-price growth

Virginia: +77.8%
U.S. benchmark: +86.6%
State rank #1 has the fastest home-price growth — depends on perspective: #33 of 50

Income growth

Virginia: +52.5%
U.S. benchmark: +55.9%
State rank #1 has the fastest income growth — better: #33 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.Federal Housing Finance Agency: U.S. House Price Index U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis via FRED: U.S. personal income per capita

View chart data

Year	FHFA HPI	Home-price index	Income per person	Income index
2016	304.52	100.0	$52,656	100.0
2017	312.44	102.6	$54,377	103.3
2018	321.80	105.7	$56,130	106.6
2019	334.19	109.7	$58,362	110.8
2020	351.06	115.3	$61,451	116.7
2021	391.60	128.6	$67,214	127.6
2022	449.30	147.5	$69,581	132.1
2023	480.42	157.8	$73,912	140.4
2024	514.91	169.1	$77,277	146.8
2025	541.32	177.8	$80,291	152.5

Method and limitations

FactVote averages the four quarterly, not-seasonally-adjusted FHFA all-transactions HPI observations for each year. It compares that series with BEA annual per-capita personal income distributed by FRED, then rebases both to 100 in 2016.

This is a pressure indicator, not a home-price-to-income ratio and not a measure of monthly mortgage affordability.
Both series are nominal; neither is adjusted for inflation.
Per-capita personal income includes earnings, property income, and transfers and is not median household income.

Public safety and criminal justice

Policing, crime prevention, sentencing, incarceration, and rehabilitation.

Public safety and justice

223.7 per 100,000

Reported violent-crime rate

2024

Violent offenses reported to law enforcement per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

FactVote sums the 12 monthly state offense rates returned by the FBI Crime Data Explorer for each calendar year. The accompanying coverage value is the mean of the 12 monthly population-coverage percentages returned with the same query.

Keep in mind

These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Virginia's average monthly population coverage remained at or above 99.9% throughout this series, but coverage still varies and does not equal complete statewide reporting.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.
Average monthly population coverage in 2024 was 99.9%; this is not complete statewide reporting.

Public safety and justice

1,592.6 per 100,000

Reported property-crime rate

2024

Property offenses reported to law enforcement per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

Keep in mind

These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Virginia's average monthly population coverage remained at or above 99.9% throughout this series, but coverage still varies and does not equal complete statewide reporting.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.
Average monthly population coverage in 2024 was 99.9%; this is not complete statewide reporting.

Public safety and justice

23,325

Virginia corrections average daily population

Fiscal year 2025

Virginia Department of Corrections system-wide average daily population across institutions, field units, work centers, and community corrections alternative facilities.

View breakdowns and source

Facility context

Major institutions: 21,787
Change from FY2024: +1.1%

How it was measured

Periodic head counts divided by the number of observations, as defined by VADOC.

Keep in mind

This is a correctional-population measure, not a crime rate.
It does not include every person in local detention or under community supervision and does not establish the effect of one policy.

Related state trends

Public safety and justice over time

Reported violent- and property-crime rates are shown with the coverage cautions needed to compare years responsibly.

Public safety

Reported violent and property crime rates

99.9% coverage

Reported offenses per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions. Amber points flag years when average monthly population coverage was below 90%.

Violent crime
Property crime
Partial reporting

Violent crime: 223.7 per 100k
Property crime: 1592.6 per 100k
Population coverage: 99.9%

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Violent-crime rate

Virginia: 223.7 per 100k
U.S. benchmark: 359.1 per 100k
State rank #1 has the highest violent-crime rate — worse: #43 of 50

Property-crime rate

Virginia: 1592.6 per 100k
U.S. benchmark: 1760.1 per 100k
State rank #1 has the highest property-crime rate — worse: #32 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.An asterisk marks a state-year with less than 90% average population coverage. The U.S. figures are FBI national estimates; state figures are reported rates.Federal Bureau of Investigation: UCR Summary of Reported Crimes in the Nation, 2024

View chart data

Year	Violent rate	Property rate	Population coverage
2015	199.3 per 100k	1892.8 per 100k	100.0%
2016	219.2 per 100k	1873.1 per 100k	100.0%
2017	211.7 per 100k	1805.5 per 100k	99.9%
2018	205.9 per 100k	1684.5 per 100k	100.0%
2019	212.7 per 100k	1659.5 per 100k	99.9%
2020	215.7 per 100k	1480.7 per 100k	99.9%
2021	227.6 per 100k	1465.5 per 100k	99.9%
2022	239.8 per 100k	1726.3 per 100k	99.9%
2023	243.4 per 100k	1685.9 per 100k	99.9%
2024	223.7 per 100k	1592.6 per 100k	99.9%

Method and limitations

These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Virginia's average monthly population coverage remained at or above 99.9% throughout this series, but coverage still varies and does not equal complete statewide reporting.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.

Healthcare

Coverage, prescription costs, Medicaid, and access to care.

Healthcare

8.3%

People under 65 without health insurance

2024 ACS annual estimate

Share of Virginia’s civilian noninstitutionalized residents under age 65 who lacked comprehensive health-insurance coverage at the time of the ACS survey.

Virginia8.3%

United States9.8%

Virginia’s estimate was 1.5 percentage points below the U.S. estimate.

View breakdowns and source

Virginia and U.S. context

Uninsured under age 65

Virginia: 8.3%
United States: 9.8%

Virginia’s estimate was 1.5 percentage points below the U.S. estimate.

Both figures use the same 2024 ACS 1-year table and civilian noninstitutionalized population under age 65.U.S. Census Bureau: HIC-6_ACS: Health Insurance Coverage by State, Persons Under 65 Download official data

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts estimate.

Keep in mind

This excludes people age 65 and older.
Insurance status does not measure affordability, coverage adequacy, provider availability, or quality.

Related state trends

Healthcare over time

Health-insurance coverage and life expectancy provide separate views of access and population health over time.

Health coverage

Residents without health insurance

6.9%uninsured

The share of the civilian noninstitutionalized population without health insurance at the time of the American Community Survey interview.

Uninsured rate
90% confidence margin

Uninsured rate: 6.9%
Margin of error: ±0.3 points

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Uninsured rate

Virginia: 6.9%
U.S. benchmark: 8.2%
State rank #1 has the highest uninsured rate — worse: #27 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.U.S. Census Bureau: HIC-4_ACS health insurance coverage

View chart data

Year	Uninsured rate	90% margin of error
2014	10.9%	±0.3 points
2015	9.1%	±0.3 points
2016	8.7%	±0.3 points
2017	8.8%	±0.3 points
2018	8.8%	±0.3 points
2019	7.9%	±0.3 points
2020	Not released	—
2021	6.8%	±0.2 points
2022	6.5%	±0.2 points
2023	6.4%	±0.2 points
2024	6.9%	±0.3 points

Method and limitations

FactVote uses the Census Bureau's HIC-4_ACS historical table. Rates and 90% confidence margins of error are the published ACS 1-year estimates for the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

The Census Bureau did not release the standard 2020 ACS 1-year estimates because pandemic-era data collection did not meet its quality standards; the chart preserves that gap.
The rate is a survey estimate and the accompanying margin of error should be considered when comparing nearby values.
Coverage is measured at the interview and does not show how long someone was uninsured during the year.

Health outcomes

Life expectancy at birth

77.5 yearsat birth

Period life expectancy at birth based on Virginia's annual complete life tables and final state-specific death data.

Life expectancy at birth

U.S. comparison & state rank2022

Life expectancy

Virginia: 77.5 years
U.S. benchmark: 77.5 years
State rank #1 has the highest life expectancy — better: #22 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.CDC National Center for Health Statistics: U.S. state life tables, 2018–2022

View chart data

Year	Life expectancy at birth
2018	79.0 years
2019	79.1 years
2020	77.6 years
2021	76.8 years
2022	77.5 years

Method and limitations

FactVote uses CDC National Center for Health Statistics annual complete life-table estimates for the total Virginia population. Values are rounded to the published tenth of a year.

The latest published comparable state series ends in 2022, even though newer national life-expectancy estimates may be available.
Period life expectancy summarizes current mortality rates; it is not a forecast of how long a particular person will live.
The 2020 and 2021 estimates reflect the mortality shock during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Education

Public schools, school choice, teachers, and higher education.

Education

91.6%

Adults with at least a high school diploma

2020–2024 estimate

Share of Virginia residents age 25 and older whose reported attainment is a regular high school diploma or equivalent (including GED or an alternative credential), some college, or an associate’s or higher degree.

Virginia91.6%

United States89.6%

Virginia's estimate was 2.0 percentage points above the national estimate.

View breakdowns and source

Virginia and U.S. context

High school graduate or higher

Virginia: 91.6%
United States: 89.6%

Virginia's estimate was 2.0 percentage points above the national estimate.

Both values use the same 2020–2024 Census QuickFacts measure.U.S. Census Bureau: QuickFacts: Virginia and United States

Additional attainment measure

Bachelor's degree or higher: 42.2%

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts estimate.

Keep in mind

This measures adult attainment, not current school graduation rates or school performance.
It combines people educated in different places and time periods.

Related state trends

Education over time

Comparable NAEP assessment years show changes in statewide reading and mathematics performance.

Education

NAEP reading and math scores

214.1Grade 4 reading

Grade 4 and Grade 8 public-school mean scale scores from the Nation's Report Card. Reading and math are shown within each grade on their own panel.

Reading · circle
Math · square

Grade 4 reading: 214.1
Grade 4 math: 237.9
Grade 8 reading: 256.3
Grade 8 math: 275.0

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Grade 4 reading

Virginia: 214.1
U.S. benchmark: 215.0
State rank #1 has the highest score — better: #30 of 50

Grade 4 math

Virginia: 237.9
U.S. benchmark: 237.5
State rank #1 has the highest score — better: #24 of 50

Grade 8 reading

Virginia: 256.3
U.S. benchmark: 258.0
State rank #1 has the highest score — better: #29 of 50

Grade 8 math

Virginia: 275.0
U.S. benchmark: 273.8
State rank #1 has the highest score — better: #22 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.State ranks use public-school results. The U.S. benchmark includes the national public- and nonpublic-school sample.U.S. Department of Education, NCES: NAEP national results

View chart data

Assessment year	Grade 4 reading	Grade 4 math	Grade 8 reading	Grade 8 math
2003	223.3	239.2	268.0	281.7
2005	225.8	240.5	267.8	284.4
2007	227.1	243.5	266.9	287.6
2009	226.5	243.1	265.6	286.1
2011	226.4	245.3	267.3	289.3
2013	228.6	246.2	267.6	288.1
2015	229.0	246.6	266.8	287.7
2017	227.6	248.0	267.7	290.1
2019	223.6	246.9	261.8	287.1
2022	214.0	236.4	259.6	279.2
2024	214.1	237.9	256.3	275.0

Method and limitations

FactVote uses NAEP Data Service mean scale scores for all public-school students in Virginia. The series uses the total student group and the main reading and mathematics composite scales for Grade 4 and Grade 8.

NAEP is generally administered every two years; the 2021 administration was postponed, so the timeline moves from 2019 to 2022.
NAEP results are estimates from a sample. Statistical significance, not a visual gap alone, determines whether scores differ.
Each grade and subject has its own scale. Follow one line over time rather than comparing the numeric distance between grades or subjects.

Environment and energy

Clean water, conservation, climate, and energy production.

Environment

29.439 million metric tons

Power-sector carbon dioxide emissions

2024

Carbon dioxide emissions reported by EIA for Virginia's electric power industry.

View breakdowns and source

Electricity-system context

Net generation: 102,698,615 MWh
Carbon dioxide intensity: 631 lbs/MWh
Average retail price: 10.62¢/kWh

How it was measured

U.S. Energy Information Administration state electricity profile based on EIA-860, EIA-861, and EIA-923 reports.

Keep in mind

This covers the electric power industry, not all statewide greenhouse-gas emissions or emissions embodied in imported electricity.
The total is not adjusted for population or electricity output and does not by itself measure the effect of a policy.

Environment

$3.78/gal

Lower Atlantic regular gasoline price

Week of August 31, 2026

Estimated average retail price of regular-grade gasoline across all formulations, including taxes, in EIA's Lower Atlantic petroleum subdistrict. The region includes Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia.

Virginia$3.783/gal

United States$4.071/gal

The Lower Atlantic average was 28.8 cents per gallon lower, or about 7.1% below the U.S. average.

View breakdowns and source

Virginia and U.S. context

Regular gasoline price

Virginia: $3.783/gal
United States: $4.071/gal

The Lower Atlantic average was 28.8 cents per gallon lower, or about 7.1% below the U.S. average.

Both figures are EIA weekly retail estimates for regular gasoline, including taxes, for the week of August 31, 2026. The Virginia-side figure is the Lower Atlantic regional average, not a Virginia statewide estimate.U.S. Energy Information Administration: U.S. Gasoline and Diesel Retail Prices

Recent weekly prices

Prior week: $3.785/gal
Weekly change: −0.2¢
One year earlier: $2.912/gal
Change from one year earlier: +87.1¢

How it was measured

U.S. Energy Information Administration weekly retail motor-gasoline survey estimate for the Lower Atlantic region. FactVote displays the published dollars-per-gallon value and calculates changes from EIA's published prior-week and nearest year-earlier weekly observations.

Keep in mind

EIA does not publish a current Virginia statewide weekly gasoline-price series; this Lower Atlantic regional estimate should not be read as Virginia's statewide average.
The regional estimate combines six states and does not represent the price at every station or in every Virginia community.
The series is nominal and not adjusted for inflation or seasonal patterns, and weekly estimates can be revised.

Related state trends

Environment over time

Virginia electricity generation, residential power prices, and gasoline prices show how the state's energy costs and supply have changed.

Energy

Electricity mix and residential price

14.41¢/kWhresidential average

In-state utility-scale electricity generation by energy source is paired with the annual average residential electricity price on a separate scale.

Natural gas59.4%
Coal1.9%
Nuclear28.2%
Solar6.8%
Hydroelectric1.2%
Wind0.0%
Other2.4%

Residential price: 14.41¢/kWh
Total generation: 102.7 TWh
Largest source: Natural gas · 59.4%

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Residential electricity price

Virginia: 14.41¢/kWh
U.S. benchmark: 16.48¢/kWh
State rank #1 has the highest electricity price — worse: #28 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.U.S. Energy Information Administration: National residential electricity price

View chart data

Year	Total generation	Natural gas	Coal	Nuclear	Solar	Hydroelectric	Wind	Other	Residential price
2015	84.412 TWh	33.284 TWh	17.231 TWh	28.060 TWh	0.000 TWh	1.158 TWh	0.000 TWh	4.677 TWh	11.37¢/kWh
2016	92.555 TWh	40.905 TWh	16.499 TWh	29.732 TWh	0.021 TWh	1.471 TWh	0.000 TWh	3.926 TWh	11.36¢/kWh
2017	90.417 TWh	44.507 TWh	10.726 TWh	30.554 TWh	0.313 TWh	1.116 TWh	0.000 TWh	3.201 TWh	11.55¢/kWh
2018	95.509 TWh	50.160 TWh	9.266 TWh	29.252 TWh	0.763 TWh	1.765 TWh	0.000 TWh	4.303 TWh	11.73¢/kWh
2019	96.828 TWh	57.985 TWh	3.418 TWh	29.498 TWh	0.949 TWh	1.519 TWh	0.000 TWh	3.458 TWh	12.07¢/kWh
2020	103.056 TWh	62.623 TWh	3.763 TWh	30.140 TWh	1.371 TWh	2.030 TWh	0.000 TWh	3.129 TWh	12.03¢/kWh
2021	93.478 TWh	53.611 TWh	3.248 TWh	28.572 TWh	3.267 TWh	1.306 TWh	0.050 TWh	3.424 TWh	11.96¢/kWh
2022	89.477 TWh	48.802 TWh	3.346 TWh	28.197 TWh	4.626 TWh	1.137 TWh	0.051 TWh	3.318 TWh	13.34¢/kWh
2023	91.059 TWh	50.605 TWh	1.415 TWh	29.663 TWh	5.421 TWh	1.391 TWh	0.047 TWh	2.518 TWh	14.26¢/kWh
2024	102.699 TWh	60.998 TWh	1.972 TWh	28.945 TWh	6.998 TWh	1.253 TWh	0.050 TWh	2.481 TWh	14.41¢/kWh

Method and limitations

FactVote uses EIA's annual utility-scale net generation series and groups sources into seven categories. The residential price is EIA's annual average revenue per kilowatthour and includes generation, transmission, distribution, taxes, and fees reflected in electric bills.

Generation is electricity produced inside Virginia, not electricity consumed there; interstate imports and exports are not represented.
The consistent utility-scale series excludes estimated generation from small-scale solar systems under 1 megawatt. The 'other' category is the residual of remaining reported energy sources.
The residential price is a statewide nominal average and can mask large differences among utilities, plans, and household usage.

Fuel cost

Lower Atlantic regular gasoline prices

$3.716/galmonthly average

Monthly retail prices for regular-grade gasoline in EIA's six-state Lower Atlantic region show the market trend surrounding Virginia. EIA does not publish a current Virginia statewide weekly or monthly series.

Regular gasoline · monthly average

Price: $3.716/gal
From prior month: −0.5¢
From one year earlier: +80.0¢

U.S. comparison & state rank2026-07

Regular gasoline

Virginia: $3.716/gal
U.S. benchmark: $3.932/gal
State rank #1 has the highest gasoline price — worse: #27* of 49

* This value uses EIA's six-state Lower Atlantic regional average, not a statewide measurement.

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.Gasoline ranks cover states with a published FactVote monthly series. An asterisk marks an EIA regional or metro proxy rather than a statewide measurement.U.S. Energy Information Administration: U.S. regular gasoline prices

View chart data

Month	Regular gasoline price
January 2020	$2.403/gal
February 2020	$2.270/gal
March 2020	$2.058/gal
April 2020	$1.733/gal
May 2020	$1.706/gal
June 2020	$1.899/gal
July 2020	$2.010/gal
August 2020	$2.011/gal
September 2020	$2.043/gal
October 2020	$2.025/gal
November 2020	$1.958/gal
December 2020	$2.060/gal
January 2021	$2.205/gal
February 2021	$2.377/gal
March 2021	$2.672/gal
April 2021	$2.689/gal
May 2021	$2.812/gal
June 2021	$2.876/gal
July 2021	$2.922/gal
August 2021	$2.930/gal
September 2021	$2.967/gal
October 2021	$3.109/gal
November 2021	$3.230/gal
December 2021	$3.129/gal
January 2022	$3.123/gal
February 2022	$3.373/gal
March 2022	$4.056/gal
April 2022	$3.884/gal
May 2022	$4.192/gal
June 2022	$4.609/gal
July 2022	$4.201/gal
August 2022	$3.615/gal
September 2022	$3.335/gal
October 2022	$3.295/gal
November 2022	$3.305/gal
December 2022	$2.960/gal
January 2023	$3.201/gal
February 2023	$3.227/gal
March 2023	$3.221/gal
April 2023	$3.436/gal
May 2023	$3.322/gal
June 2023	$3.290/gal
July 2023	$3.349/gal
August 2023	$3.622/gal
September 2023	$3.502/gal
October 2023	$3.224/gal
November 2023	$2.980/gal
December 2023	$2.974/gal
January 2024	$2.958/gal
February 2024	$3.112/gal
March 2024	$3.283/gal
April 2024	$3.394/gal
May 2024	$3.389/gal
June 2024	$3.265/gal
July 2024	$3.331/gal
August 2024	$3.214/gal
September 2024	$3.019/gal
October 2024	$2.944/gal
November 2024	$2.926/gal
December 2024	$2.900/gal
January 2025	$2.961/gal
February 2025	$2.944/gal
March 2025	$2.894/gal
April 2025	$2.957/gal
May 2025	$2.906/gal
June 2025	$2.919/gal
July 2025	$2.916/gal
August 2025	$2.911/gal
September 2025	$2.907/gal
October 2025	$2.835/gal
November 2025	$2.834/gal
December 2025	$2.741/gal
January 2026	$2.678/gal
February 2026	$2.745/gal
March 2026	$3.450/gal
April 2026	$3.859/gal
May 2026	$4.140/gal
June 2026	$3.721/gal
July 2026	$3.716/gal
August 2026	$3.767/gal

Method and limitations

FactVote uses EIA's monthly Lower Atlantic Regular All Formulations Retail Gasoline Prices series. EIA calculates monthly averages as simple averages of the published weekly retail estimates; prices include taxes.

This is EIA's Lower Atlantic region, not a Virginia statewide average; it combines Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia.
The regional average masks differences among states, communities, and individual stations.
Prices are nominal and not adjusted for inflation or seasonal patterns, and the weekly fact can differ from the monthly average.

Gun policy and public safety

Firearm rights, gun-safety rules, and violence prevention.

Gun policy

1,153

Firearm deaths

2024 final data

Deaths in which firearm injury was the underlying cause, with the rate age-adjusted per 100,000 residents.

Virginia12.8 per 100,000

United States13.1 per 100,000

Virginia's rate was 0.3 deaths per 100,000 below the national rate.

View breakdowns and source

Virginia and U.S. context

Age-adjusted firearm death rate

Virginia: 12.8 per 100,000
United States: 13.1 per 100,000

Virginia's rate was 0.3 deaths per 100,000 below the national rate.

Both rates use 2024 National Vital Statistics System mortality data and are age-adjusted.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Firearm Mortality

Population-adjusted measure

Age-adjusted firearm death rate: 12.8 per 100,000

How it was measured

CDC National Vital Statistics System death-certificate data.

Keep in mind

The total combines homicide, suicide, accident, legal-intervention, and undetermined intent.
Mortality data do not measure nonfatal injuries, ownership, defensive uses, or policy effects.

Social Security, Medicare, and retirement

Retirement benefits, Medicare, and the long-term financing of these programs.

Immigration and border policy

Border enforcement, legal immigration, and pathways to citizenship.

Immigration

13.1%

Residents who are foreign-born

2020–2024 estimate

Share of Virginia residents who were not U.S. citizens at birth, including naturalized citizens, lawful noncitizens, and people without lawful status.

Virginia13.1%

United States14.1%

Virginia's estimate was 1.0 percentage point below the national estimate.

View breakdowns and source

Virginia and U.S. context

Foreign-born residents

Virginia: 13.1%
United States: 14.1%

Virginia's estimate was 1.0 percentage point below the national estimate.

Both values use the same Census QuickFacts measure.U.S. Census Bureau: QuickFacts: Virginia and United States

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts estimate.

Keep in mind

Foreign-born is not a measure of unauthorized immigration or current border crossings.
The Census does not assign legal status in this measure.

Related state trends

Immigration over time

Population change is separated into natural change, domestic migration, and international migration.

People

Population growth and migration

8.9Mresidents

July 1 population estimates alongside the annual changes attributable to births minus deaths, domestic migration, and international migration.

Population
Births minus deaths
Domestic migration
International migration

Births minus deaths: +13.8K
Domestic migration: +6.3K
International migration: +40.4K

U.S. comparison & state rank2025

Population

Virginia: 8,880,107
U.S. total: 341,784,857
State rank #1 is most populous — not a performance ranking: #12 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.U.S. Census Bureau: Vintage 2025 national population estimates

View chart data

Year	Population	Natural change	Domestic migration	International migration	Residual
2020	8,637,303	—	—	—	—
2021	8,660,007	10,661	-3,666	14,313	1,396
2022	8,681,038	9,471	-26,089	38,044	-395
2023	8,732,034	14,951	-8,117	44,282	-120
2024	8,819,642	15,350	2,461	69,854	-57
2025	8,880,107	13,817	6,268	40,436	-56

Method and limitations

FactVote uses the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025 consistent state series. Population is the July 1 estimate. Change components describe the preceding annual estimates period, and the Census residual adjustment reconciles the components to the published population change.

Vintage estimates are revised as the Census Bureau incorporates newer records and methods.
Domestic and international migration are modeled demographic estimates, not direct counts of every move.
The small residual adjustment is included in the data table but not drawn as a separate bar.

Voting, democracy, and government accountability

Voting access, election administration, ethics, transparency, and corruption.

Democracy and accountability

70.48%

Registered voters who cast a ballot in 2024

November 2024 general election

Total voting as a share of registered Virginia voters in the certified 2024 November general election.

View breakdowns and source

Turnout comparison

General: Nov. 5, 2024 · Primary: Aug. 4, 2026

General election turnout: 70.48%
Primary election turnoutAugust 4, 2026 primary election: 7.25%

FactVote combines 219,712 Democratic and 246,940 Republican primary ballots and divides by the Republican results page's statewide total of 6,437,589 registered voters.

The 7.25 percent rate is a transparent FactVote calculation from official party-primary totals, not a combined rate published by Virginia; Democratic contests occurred only in participating congressional districts, while the Republican report supplies the statewide denominator.
Primary and general ballot choices differ, and Virginia's consolidated turnout series covers November elections only.

Virginia Department of Elections: Official August 4, 2026 primary election results Review by January 31, 2027

Official general-election totals

Registered voters: 6,434,637
Total voting: 4,535,314
Absentee voting included in total: 2,344,581

How it was measured

Virginia Department of Elections statewide official turnout compilation; the August 2026 primary comparison is calculated from the department's separate official Democratic and Republican party-primary reports.

Keep in mind

This registered-voter turnout rate is not the same as turnout among all voting-age or voting-eligible residents.
Primary and general ballot choices differ, and turnout does not measure election accuracy, access, confidence, or the effect of a specific rule.

Abortion and reproductive rights

Access to abortion and reproductive healthcare.

Reproductive rights

16,722

Abortions reported by Virginia facilities

Calendar year 2022

Legal induced abortions reported from facilities physically situated in Virginia, including abortions for residents and out-of-area residents.

View breakdowns and source

CDC occurrence-based measures

Rate: 9.7 per 1,000 women ages 15-44
Ratio: 175 per 1,000 live births
Out-of-area residents: 2,454 (14.7%)

How it was measured

CDC requested aggregate abortion data from central health agencies and published Virginia's occurrence-based count, rate, ratio, and out-of-area-resident total.

Keep in mind

This occurrence count includes out-of-area residents and does not include Virginia residents whose abortion occurred outside Virginia.
Reporting to CDC is voluntary, completeness can vary, and 2022 data do not measure current access, views, reasons, or policy effects.

Facts are shown for context only and do not affect candidate matching or rankings. Dates, definitions, limitations, and primary sources are included with each figure.

State trends

How Virginia is changing

Nine trend views cover population, work, housing, public safety, education, health coverage, longevity, gasoline prices, and energy without mixing unlike reporting periods. Each chart now sits directly beneath its related fact section.

Virginia

FY2027 enacted operating budget

Fiscal year ended June 30, 2025

Taxes and the economy

Virginia and U.S. context

Additional income context

How it was measured

Unemployment rate

Housing and property costs

Virginia and U.S. context

Other statewide housing measures

How it was measured

Home-price growth

Income growth

Public safety and criminal justice

How it was measured

How it was measured

Facility context

How it was measured

Violent-crime rate

Property-crime rate

Healthcare

Virginia and U.S. context

How it was measured

Uninsured rate

Life expectancy

Education

Virginia and U.S. context

Additional attainment measure

How it was measured

Grade 4 reading

Grade 4 math

Grade 8 reading

Grade 8 math

Environment and energy

Electricity-system context

How it was measured

Virginia and U.S. context

Recent weekly prices

How it was measured

Residential electricity price

Regular gasoline

Gun policy and public safety

Virginia and U.S. context

Population-adjusted measure

How it was measured

Social Security, Medicare, and retirement

Virginia and U.S. context

Beneficiary type

How it was measured

Immigration and border policy

Virginia and U.S. context

How it was measured

Population

Voting, democracy, and government accountability

Turnout comparison

Official general-election totals

How it was measured

Abortion and reproductive rights

CDC occurrence-based measures

How it was measured