13 topic facts + fiscal overview + 9 state trends + 4862 reviewed government links
Public money
How Texas funds state services
The final two-year all-funds budget, audited state tax revenue, and appropriations by state function. Each section keeps its own fiscal period and accounting scope; state and local taxes are separate.
Enacted budget plan
$338.2B2026–27 biennium
Final budget published December 2025
2026–27 biennial all-funds budget
September 1, 2025–August 31, 2027
Exact reported total: $338,168,435,395
The sum of the Legislative Budget Board's appropriated FY2026 and FY2027 all-funds totals after legislative, Article IX, technical, and reconciling adjustments. Article totals exclude interagency contracts.
The sum of the Legislative Budget Board's appropriated FY2026 and FY2027 all-funds totals after legislative, Article IX, technical, and reconciling adjustments. Article totals exclude interagency contracts.
General Revenue Funds$149.8B · 44.3%
The state's primary general-purpose revenue funds.
General Revenue–Dedicated Funds$8.2B · 2.4%
General-revenue accounts legally dedicated to specific purposes.
Federal Funds$102.0B · 30.2%
Federal funding included in the all-funds appropriation.
Other Funds$78.2B · 23.1%
Other state funds outside the General Revenue and federal categories.
FY2025 audited actual
Where state tax revenue comes from
$85.4B$85,388,674,000
Shares of the $85.4 billion in taxes reported as general revenue by Texas's primary government. This denominator excludes federal grants, service charges, investment income, lottery activity, and locally collected property taxes.
Sales and use tax$49.5B · 58.0%
Texas's largest state-tax source in the audited government-wide statement.
Oil and natural-gas production taxes$8.0B · 9.4%
State severance taxes on oil and natural-gas production.
Motor vehicle and manufactured-housing taxes$7.3B · 8.5%
Audited tax revenue from motor vehicles and manufactured housing.
Franchise tax$7.1B · 8.3%
Texas's margin-based privilege tax on taxable business entities.
Insurance occupation tax$4.7B · 5.5%
State taxes associated with insurance occupations and premiums.
Motor-fuel, tobacco, and other taxes$8.8B · 10.3%
Motor-fuel, cigarette and tobacco, and all remaining audited state-tax lines.
2026–27 biennium
2026–27 all-funds spending plan
$338.2B$338,168,435,395
The $338.2 billion biennial appropriation grouped by Legislative Budget Board article. Every article is included, and the figures use the same all-funds scope as the budget total above.
Education$133.1B · 39.3%
Public education and higher education appropriations in Article III.
Health and human services$107.6B · 31.8%
Health and human-services appropriations in Article II.
Business and economic development$48.5B · 14.3%
Article VII agencies and programs, including major transportation and economic-development functions.
Public safety and criminal justice$19.8B · 5.9%
Public-safety and criminal-justice appropriations in Article V.
General government$12.5B · 3.7%
General-government appropriations in Article I.
Natural resources, judiciary, regulatory, and legislature$16.7B · 4.9%
The complete combined total for Articles IV, VI, VIII, and X.
Tax structure
Common statewide rates
Property and district rates can be local. Each card states the applicable scope.
Audited government-wide activity for Texas's primary government. Revenue is the sum of all program revenue and general revenue in the Statement of Activities; these are accounting results, not the 2026–27 appropriation.
FactVote summed the Legislative Budget Board's exact FY2026 and FY2027 appropriations, reconciled every method-of-finance and article total, and grouped every audited state-tax line into mutually exclusive categories. Shares are recalculated from exact amounts within the same section and period; budget authority, tax revenue, and audited results are never mixed.
Texas budgets on a two-year cycle, so the displayed budget cannot be compared directly with a one-year budget total from another state.
The all-funds article totals exclude interagency contracts and incorporate adjustments described by the Legislative Budget Board.
Local property taxes and local sales taxes are not included in the state primary-government tax total.
Last verified August 27, 2026 · Review by September 15, 2027 · Texas figures refresh annually.
Taxes and the economy
Taxes, government spending, jobs, wages, and small business.
Taxes and economy
$78,476
Median household income
2020–2024 estimate, in 2024 dollars
Inflation-adjusted household income at the midpoint: half of Texas households had more income and half had less.
View breakdowns and source
How it was measured
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts estimate derived from the American Community Survey and expressed in 2024 dollars.
Keep in mind
This is a statewide multi-year household measure, not individual earnings or take-home pay.
It does not show income distribution, taxes paid, or regional cost-of-living differences.
Related state trends
Taxes and economy over time
Employment and unemployment place the latest economic facts in a longer statewide context.
Work
Employment and unemployment
4.1%unemployed
The unemployment rate is paired with employed Texans indexed to 2015, so job recovery and labor-market slack remain readable on separate scales.
Unemployment rate
Employed people
Unemployment rate
4.1%
Employed people
15M
Employment since 2015
+20.4%
U.S. comparison & state rank2024
Unemployment rate
Texas
4.1%
U.S. benchmark
4.0%
State rank #1 has the highest unemployment rate — worse
FactVote uses BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics annual averages for the statewide unemployment rate and civilian employment. The chart converts employment to an index with 2015 equal to 100; the data table retains the published employment level.
LAUS estimates are revised each year through the program's annual processing cycle.
Employment is residence-based civilian employment, not a count of jobs located in the state.
Annual averages smooth within-year changes.
Housing and property costs
Housing supply, affordability, renters, zoning, and property costs.
Housing
$1,403/month
Median gross rent
2020–2024 estimate
Median monthly gross rent for occupied rental units paying cash rent, including contract rent and estimated tenant-paid utilities.
View breakdowns and source
Other statewide housing measures
Median owner-occupied home value
$283,800
Owner costs with a mortgage
$2,106/month
Owner-occupied housing rate
62.6%
How it was measured
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts estimate derived from the American Community Survey.
Keep in mind
This is a statewide multi-year estimate, so local rents and current asking rents can differ substantially.
The owner measures describe owner-occupied units and are not estimates of the cost to buy a home today.
Related state trends
Housing over time
Home values and household income show how Texas housing costs and purchasing power have changed together.
Housing pressure
Home prices versus income growth
+83.3%home prices
FHFA house prices and BEA personal income per person are indexed to the same starting year. A widening gap signals that home prices are rising faster than this broad income measure.
FHFA home prices
Income per person
Home-price growth
+83.3%
Income growth
+57.8%
Income per person
$72,364
U.S. comparison & state rank2025
Home-price growth
Texas
+83.3%
U.S. benchmark
+86.6%
State rank #1 has the fastest home-price growth — depends on perspective
#26 of 50
Income growth
Texas
+57.8%
U.S. benchmark
+55.9%
State rank #1 has the fastest income growth — better
FactVote averages the four quarterly, not-seasonally-adjusted FHFA all-transactions HPI observations for each year. It compares that series with BEA annual per-capita personal income distributed by FRED, then rebases both to 100 in 2016.
This is a pressure indicator, not a home-price-to-income ratio and not a measure of monthly mortgage affordability.
Both series are nominal; neither is adjusted for inflation.
Per-capita personal income includes earnings, property income, and transfers and is not median household income.
Public safety and criminal justice
Policing, crime prevention, sentencing, incarceration, and rehabilitation.
Public safety and justice
348.77 per 100,000
Reported violent-crime rate
2025
Violent offenses reported in Texas per 100,000 residents under the categories and statewide total published in the 2025 Crime in Texas report, including aggravated assault, robbery, rape, murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, and the report's human-trafficking categories.
View breakdowns and source
Reported 2025 violent crime
Total offenses
110,113
Aggravated-assault rate
242.56 per 100,000
Robbery rate
52.41 per 100,000
How it was measured
Texas Department of Public Safety compilation of law-enforcement data submitted through the state's Uniform Crime Reporting program.
Keep in mind
Reported crime excludes incidents not reported to or recorded by law enforcement.
Agency participation, reporting practices, and later revisions can affect the totals; the statewide rate is not an individual's probability of victimization.
Public safety and justice
2,073.2 per 100,000
Reported property-crime rate
2024
Property offenses reported to law enforcement per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions.
View breakdowns and source
How it was measured
FactVote sums the 12 monthly state offense rates returned by the FBI Crime Data Explorer for each calendar year. The accompanying coverage value is the mean of the 12 monthly population-coverage percentages returned with the same query.
Keep in mind
These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Texas exceeded 97% average monthly population coverage in every year shown, but participation still varies by month and agency.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.
Average monthly population coverage in 2024 was 99.3%; this is not complete statewide reporting.
Related state trends
Public safety and justice over time
Reported violent- and property-crime rates are shown with the coverage cautions needed to compare years responsibly.
Public safety
Reported violent and property crime rates
99.3% coverage
Reported offenses per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions. Amber points flag years when average monthly population coverage was below 90%.
Violent crime
Property crime
Partial reporting
Violent crime
397.8 per 100k
Property crime
2073.2 per 100k
Population coverage
99.3%
U.S. comparison & state rank2024
Violent-crime rate
Texas
397.8 per 100k
U.S. benchmark
359.1 per 100k
State rank #1 has the highest violent-crime rate — worse
#17 of 50
Property-crime rate
Texas
2073.2 per 100k
U.S. benchmark
1760.1 per 100k
State rank #1 has the highest property-crime rate — worse
#9 of 50
Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.An asterisk marks a state-year with less than 90% average population coverage. The U.S. figures are FBI national estimates; state figures are reported rates.Federal Bureau of Investigation: UCR Summary of Reported Crimes in the Nation, 2024 ↗
View chart data
Year
Violent rate
Property rate
Population coverage
2015
412.5 per 100k
2851.1 per 100k
99.6%
2016
435.3 per 100k
2777.5 per 100k
99.4%
2017
439.3 per 100k
2574.7 per 100k
99.1%
2018
416.7 per 100k
2389.3 per 100k
99.4%
2019
426.9 per 100k
2417.4 per 100k
98.8%
2020
458.4 per 100k
2274.1 per 100k
99.2%
2021
460.2 per 100k
2203.9 per 100k
97.8%
2022
442.1 per 100k
2339.0 per 100k
98.8%
2023
416.1 per 100k
2272.7 per 100k
99.1%
2024
397.8 per 100k
2073.2 per 100k
99.3%
Method and limitations
FactVote sums the 12 monthly state offense rates returned by the FBI Crime Data Explorer for each calendar year. The accompanying coverage value is the mean of the 12 monthly population-coverage percentages returned with the same query.
These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Texas exceeded 97% average monthly population coverage in every year shown, but participation still varies by month and agency.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.
Healthcare
Coverage, prescription costs, Medicaid, and access to care.
Healthcare
19.2%
People under 65 without health insurance
2024 ACS annual estimate
Share of Texas’s civilian noninstitutionalized residents under age 65 who lacked comprehensive health-insurance coverage at the time of the ACS survey.
View breakdowns and source
How it was measured
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts estimate derived from the American Community Survey.
Keep in mind
This excludes people age 65 and older and is a annual survey estimate rather than a live enrollment count.
Insurance status does not measure affordability, provider access, or quality of care.
Related state trends
Healthcare over time
Health-insurance coverage and life expectancy provide separate views of access and population health over time.
Health coverage
Residents without health insurance
16.7%uninsured
The share of the civilian noninstitutionalized population without health insurance at the time of the American Community Survey interview.
Uninsured rate
90% confidence margin
Uninsured rate
16.7%
Margin of error
±0.2 points
U.S. comparison & state rank2024
Uninsured rate
Texas
16.7%
U.S. benchmark
8.2%
State rank #1 has the highest uninsured rate — worse
FactVote uses the Census Bureau's HIC-4_ACS historical table. Rates and 90% confidence margins of error are the published ACS 1-year estimates for the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
The Census Bureau did not release the standard 2020 ACS 1-year estimates because pandemic-era data collection did not meet its quality standards; the chart preserves that gap.
The rate is a survey estimate and the accompanying margin of error should be considered when comparing nearby values.
Coverage is measured at the interview and does not show how long someone was uninsured during the year.
Health outcomes
Life expectancy at birth
77.1 yearsat birth
Period life expectancy at birth based on Texas's annual complete life tables and final state-specific death data.
Life expectancy at birth
U.S. comparison & state rank2022
Life expectancy
Texas
77.1 years
U.S. benchmark
77.5 years
State rank #1 has the highest life expectancy — better
FactVote uses CDC National Center for Health Statistics annual complete life-table estimates for the total Texas population. Values are rounded to the published tenth of a year.
The latest published comparable state series ends in 2022, even though newer national life-expectancy estimates may be available.
Period life expectancy summarizes current mortality rates; it is not a forecast of how long a particular person will live.
The 2020 and 2021 estimates reflect the mortality shock during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Education
Public schools, school choice, teachers, and higher education.
Education
86.0%
Adults with at least a high school diploma
2020–2024 estimate
Share of Texas residents age 25 and older whose reported attainment is a regular high school diploma or equivalent (including GED or an alternative credential), some college, or an associate’s or higher degree.
View breakdowns and source
How it was measured
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts estimate derived from the American Community Survey.
Keep in mind
This is adult educational attainment, not the current public-school graduation rate.
It combines people educated in different states, countries, and time periods.
Related state trends
Education over time
Comparable NAEP assessment years show changes in statewide reading and mathematics performance.
Education
NAEP reading and math scores
211.9Grade 4 reading
Grade 4 and Grade 8 public-school mean scale scores from the Nation's Report Card. Reading and math are shown within each grade on their own panel.
Reading · circle
Math · square
Grade 4 reading
211.9
Grade 4 math
240.5
Grade 8 reading
252.3
Grade 8 math
269.4
U.S. comparison & state rank2024
Grade 4 reading
Texas
211.9
U.S. benchmark
215.0
State rank #1 has the highest score — better
#37 of 50
Grade 4 math
Texas
240.5
U.S. benchmark
237.5
State rank #1 has the highest score — better
#8 of 50
Grade 8 reading
Texas
252.3
U.S. benchmark
258.0
State rank #1 has the highest score — better
#44 of 50
Grade 8 math
Texas
269.4
U.S. benchmark
273.8
State rank #1 has the highest score — better
#34 of 50
Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.State ranks use public-school results. The U.S. benchmark includes the national public- and nonpublic-school sample.U.S. Department of Education, NCES: NAEP national results ↗
View chart data
Assessment year
Grade 4 reading
Grade 4 math
Grade 8 reading
Grade 8 math
2003
214.8
237.3
258.8
277.1
2005
218.7
242.0
258.2
281.1
2007
219.6
242.3
260.8
285.9
2009
218.9
240.5
260.4
286.7
2011
218.3
241.1
261.4
290.3
2013
216.9
241.9
263.7
288.2
2015
217.9
244.0
260.7
283.8
2017
214.9
240.9
260.3
282.3
2019
216.0
243.6
255.7
279.7
2022
214.2
238.6
255.2
272.7
2024
211.9
240.5
252.3
269.4
Method and limitations
FactVote uses NAEP Data Service mean scale scores for all public-school students in Texas. The series uses the total student group and the main reading and mathematics composite scales for Grade 4 and Grade 8.
NAEP is generally administered every two years; the 2021 administration was postponed, so the timeline moves from 2019 to 2022.
NAEP results are estimates from a sample. Statistical significance, not a visual gap alone, determines whether scores differ.
Each grade and subject has its own scale. Follow one line over time rather than comparing the numeric distance between grades or subjects.
Environment and energy
Clean water, conservation, climate, and energy production.
Environment
30%
In-state electricity generated from renewable sources
2024
Share of electricity generated within Texas from renewable energy sources; wind and solar supplied nearly all of the reported renewable share.
View breakdowns and source
Renewable generation shares
Wind
22%
Solar
8%
How it was measured
FactVote calculated each share from the U.S. Energy Information Administration's 2024 state profile: utility-scale generation from Table 5 plus estimated small-scale solar generation from Table 19. The denominator includes both utility-scale and small-scale generation; displayed shares are rounded to whole percentages.
Keep in mind
This describes electricity generated inside Texas, not every source of electricity consumed in the state.
Electricity is only one part of statewide energy use and greenhouse-gas emissions.
Environment
$3.58/gal
Regular gasoline price
Week of August 31, 2026
Estimated average Texas retail price of regular-grade gasoline across all formulations, including taxes.
Texas$3.577/gal
United States$4.071/gal
Texas's statewide average was 49.4 cents per gallon lower, or about 12.1% below the U.S. average.
View breakdowns and source
Texas and U.S. context
Regular gasoline price
Texas
$3.577/gal
United States
$4.071/gal
Texas's statewide average was 49.4 cents per gallon lower, or about 12.1% below the U.S. average.
U.S. Energy Information Administration weekly retail motor-gasoline survey estimate for Texas. FactVote displays the published dollars-per-gallon value and calculates changes from the published prior-week and year-earlier observations.
Keep in mind
This is a statewide survey estimate, not the price at every station or in every Texas community.
The series is nominal and not adjusted for inflation or seasonal patterns.
Weekly estimates can be revised and can differ from monthly averages.
Related state trends
Environment over time
Texas electricity generation, residential power prices, and gasoline prices show how the state's energy costs and supply have changed.
Energy
Electricity mix and residential price
14.94¢/kWhresidential average
In-state electricity generation by energy source is paired with the annual average residential electricity price on a separate scale.
Natural gas51.7%
Coal11.5%
Nuclear6.8%
Solar8.0%
Hydroelectric0.1%
Wind21.7%
Other0.2%
Residential price
14.94¢/kWh
Total generation
571.5 TWh
Largest source
Natural gas · 51.7%
U.S. comparison & state rank2024
Residential electricity price
Texas
14.94¢/kWh
U.S. benchmark
16.48¢/kWh
State rank #1 has the highest electricity price — worse
FactVote combines EIA annual utility-scale generation with estimated small-scale solar generation, then groups sources into seven categories. The residential price is EIA's annual average revenue per kilowatthour and includes generation, transmission, distribution, taxes, and fees reflected in electric bills.
Generation is electricity produced inside Texas, not electricity consumed there; interstate imports and exports are not represented.
Small-scale solar generation is estimated by EIA. The 'other' category is the residual of remaining reported energy sources.
The residential price is a statewide nominal average and can mask large differences among utilities, plans, and household usage.
Fuel cost
Texas regular gasoline prices
$3.462/galmonthly average
Monthly Texas retail prices for regular-grade gasoline show how the statewide average changed through short-term price swings without mixing weekly and monthly observations.
Regular gasoline · monthly average
Price
$3.462/gal
From prior month
−0.7¢
From one year earlier
+74.3¢
U.S. comparison & state rank2026-07
Regular gasoline
Texas
$3.462/gal
U.S. benchmark
$3.932/gal
State rank #1 has the highest gasoline price — worse
#49 of 49
Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.Gasoline ranks cover states with a published FactVote monthly series. An asterisk marks an EIA regional or metro proxy rather than a statewide measurement.U.S. Energy Information Administration: U.S. regular gasoline prices ↗
View chart data
Month
Regular gasoline price
January 2020
$2.218/gal
February 2020
$2.085/gal
March 2020
$1.929/gal
April 2020
$1.519/gal
May 2020
$1.486/gal
June 2020
$1.729/gal
July 2020
$1.859/gal
August 2020
$1.843/gal
September 2020
$1.836/gal
October 2020
$1.800/gal
November 2020
$1.735/gal
December 2020
$1.855/gal
January 2021
$2.009/gal
February 2021
$2.184/gal
March 2021
$2.512/gal
April 2021
$2.530/gal
May 2021
$2.668/gal
June 2021
$2.710/gal
July 2021
$2.785/gal
August 2021
$2.791/gal
September 2021
$2.782/gal
October 2021
$2.900/gal
November 2021
$2.997/gal
December 2021
$2.891/gal
January 2022
$2.930/gal
February 2022
$3.180/gal
March 2022
$3.863/gal
April 2022
$3.707/gal
May 2022
$4.090/gal
June 2022
$4.590/gal
July 2022
$4.061/gal
August 2022
$3.450/gal
September 2022
$3.107/gal
October 2022
$3.144/gal
November 2022
$2.977/gal
December 2022
$2.629/gal
January 2023
$2.939/gal
February 2023
$2.948/gal
March 2023
$3.012/gal
April 2023
$3.248/gal
May 2023
$3.052/gal
June 2023
$3.114/gal
July 2023
$3.224/gal
August 2023
$3.410/gal
September 2023
$3.345/gal
October 2023
$3.066/gal
November 2023
$2.728/gal
December 2023
$2.588/gal
January 2024
$2.655/gal
February 2024
$2.823/gal
March 2024
$3.014/gal
April 2024
$3.192/gal
May 2024
$3.162/gal
June 2024
$2.980/gal
July 2024
$3.071/gal
August 2024
$2.955/gal
September 2024
$2.727/gal
October 2024
$2.665/gal
November 2024
$2.575/gal
December 2024
$2.557/gal
January 2025
$2.643/gal
February 2025
$2.671/gal
March 2025
$2.657/gal
April 2025
$2.728/gal
May 2025
$2.743/gal
June 2025
$2.748/gal
July 2025
$2.719/gal
August 2025
$2.704/gal
September 2025
$2.712/gal
October 2025
$2.596/gal
November 2025
$2.573/gal
December 2025
$2.447/gal
January 2026
$2.373/gal
February 2026
$2.475/gal
March 2026
$3.271/gal
April 2026
$3.692/gal
May 2026
$3.916/gal
June 2026
$3.469/gal
July 2026
$3.462/gal
August 2026
$3.564/gal
Method and limitations
FactVote uses EIA's monthly Texas Regular All Formulations Retail Gasoline Prices series. EIA calculates monthly averages as simple averages of the published weekly retail estimates; prices include taxes.
The statewide average masks differences among Texas communities and individual stations.
Prices are nominal and not adjusted for inflation or seasonal patterns.
The monthly series currently ends in August 2026; the weekly Texas price fact is newer and can differ from the monthly average.
Gun policy and public safety
Firearm rights, gun-safety rules, and violence prevention.
Gun policy
4,389
Firearm deaths
2024 final data
Deaths in Texas for which a firearm injury was recorded as the cause of death, across intents including suicide, homicide, and other categories.
View breakdowns and source
Population-adjusted measure
Age-adjusted firearm death rate
13.9 per 100,000
How it was measured
CDC National Vital Statistics System mortality data published through CDC WONDER; the displayed rate is age-adjusted.
Keep in mind
This is a mortality measure, not a count of shootings or crimes.
The total combines multiple intents and does not by itself explain causes or policy effects.
Social Security, Medicare, and retirement
Retirement benefits, Medicare, and the long-term financing of these programs.
Retirement security
4,996,895
Social Security beneficiaries
December 2025
People in Texas receiving federally administered Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance benefits in current-payment status.
Texas15.8%
United States20.1%
Texas's share was 4.3 percentage points lower than the national share.
View breakdowns and source
Texas and U.S. context
Residents receiving Social Security benefits
Texas
15.8%
United States
20.1%
Texas's share was 4.3 percentage points lower than the national share.
Social Security Administration Master Beneficiary Record data assigned geographically using U.S. Postal Service ZIP+4 data. FactVote combines the source's retirement and disability spouse rows into Spouses and its three child rows into Children so the displayed categories reconcile exactly to the headline.
Keep in mind
The total includes retirement, survivor, dependent, and disability beneficiaries and is not limited to retirees.
People whose benefits were withheld are excluded; residence is assigned from administrative mailing information, including representative-payee addresses where applicable.
Immigration and border policy
Border enforcement, legal immigration, and pathways to citizenship.
Immigration
17.6%
Residents who are foreign-born
2020–2024 estimate
Share of Texas residents who were not U.S. citizens at birth, including naturalized citizens and noncitizens.
View breakdowns and source
How it was measured
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts estimate derived from the American Community Survey.
Keep in mind
Foreign-born is not the same as noncitizen or unauthorized immigrant.
This measure does not identify a person's current immigration status.
Related state trends
Immigration over time
Population change is separated into natural change, domestic migration, and international migration.
People
Population growth and migration
31.7Mresidents
July 1 population estimates alongside the annual changes attributable to births minus deaths, domestic migration, and international migration.
Population
Births minus deaths
Domestic migration
International migration
Births minus deaths
+157.7K
Domestic migration
+67.3K
International migration
+167.5K
U.S. comparison & state rank2025
Population
Texas
31,709,821
U.S. total
341,784,857
State rank #1 is most populous — not a performance ranking
FactVote uses the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025 consistent state series. Population is the July 1 estimate. Change components describe the preceding annual estimates period, and the Census residual adjustment reconciles the components to the published population change.
Vintage estimates are revised as the Census Bureau incorporates newer records and methods.
Domestic and international migration are modeled demographic estimates, not direct counts of every move.
The small residual adjustment is included in the data table but not drawn as a separate bar.
Voting, democracy, and government accountability
Voting access, election administration, ethics, transparency, and corruption.
Democracy and accountability
61.15%
Registered-voter turnout
November 5, 2024 general election
Ballots cast as a share of registered voters in Texas's 2024 general election.
Texas Secretary of State historical turnout totals. For the primary comparison, FactVote sums the separately reported Republican and Democratic ballots, divides by their shared registered-voter denominator, and rounds to two decimals.
Keep in mind
The Secretary of State publishes party-primary turnout separately; the 18.41% comparison is FactVote's transparent combination of those two official figures.
The primary and general offered different contests and choices, so the rates should not be read as a causal comparison.
Texas held a 2026 primary, but as of this audit the Secretary of State's statewide historical turnout series still ended with the 2024 elections.
Abortion and reproductive rights
Access to abortion and reproductive healthcare.
Reproductive rights
7,906
Reported induced terminations for Texas residents
2023
Induced terminations of pregnancy reported for Texas residents, whether the reported procedure occurred in Texas or in another reporting state.
View breakdowns and source
By location reported
Performed in Texas
62
Performed out of state
7,844
How it was measured
Texas Health and Human Services compilation of in-state reports and reports shared by other states through vital-statistics surveillance agreements.
Keep in mind
This is a resident-based administrative count for 2023, not a current estimate of access or need.
Out-of-state procedures are included only when reported to Texas through participating state systems, so the total may not capture every procedure.
Facts are shown for context only and do not affect candidate matching or rankings. Dates, definitions, limitations, and primary sources are included with each figure.
State trends
How Texas is changing
Nine statewide trend views cover population, work, housing, public safety, education, health coverage, longevity, gasoline prices, and energy without mixing unlike reporting periods. Each chart now sits directly beneath its related fact section.
