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Idaho

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State snapshot

Idaho facts

Explore dated, statewide figures across taxes and the economy, housing, public safety, health, education, and other civic topics.

Explore Idaho individual facts and compare every state →

14 topic facts + fiscal overview + 9 state trends + 29 reviewed government links

Public money

How Idaho funds state services

Idaho's enacted FY2027 original appropriations, FY2025 audited State tax revenue and activity, current tax rates, and exact appropriations by governmental function. Each section preserves its own period and accounting scope.

Enacted budget plan

$14.4BFY2027

Enacted by the 2026 Legislature

FY2027 all-funds original appropriations

July 1, 2026–June 30, 2027

Exact reported total: $14,449,723,200

The Legislative Services Office's post-session FY2027 original appropriations across General, Dedicated, and Federal funds. The total is enacted spending authority at the close of the 2026 session, not actual expenditures, and excludes continuously appropriated spending and later budget adjustments unless they are included in the report's appropriation table.

Idaho Legislature, Legislative Services Office, Budget & Policy Analysis: 2026 Idaho Legislative Fiscal Report — FY2027 Appropriation by Fund Source by Agency

FY2027

How the enacted budget is financed

$14.4B$14,449,723,200

General Fund$5.6B · 38.9%

Idaho's principal fund for broadly available State revenue and appropriations.

Dedicated Funds$3.4B · 23.7%

Fees, earmarked taxes, and other State resources restricted to specified programs or purposes.

Federal Funds$5.4B · 37.4%

Federal spending authority appropriated for programs administered through the State budget.

FY2025 ACFR actual

Where State tax revenue comes from

$7.3B$7,298,900,000

Shares of the $7.299 billion in taxes reported as general revenue for Idaho's primary government. The chart reflects State-government revenue. Property tax is levied for local governments and does not appear in the State primary government's tax total.

Sales tax$3.2B · 43.9%

Sales-tax revenue recognized as government-wide general revenue.

Individual and corporate income taxes$3.2B · 43.7%

Individual- and corporate-income-tax revenue combined on the ACFR's Statement of Activities.

Other taxes$511.3M · 7.0%

Other State taxes grouped by the ACFR outside its separately identified sales, income, and fuel-tax lines.

Fuel tax$400.1M · 5.5%

Fuel-tax revenue recognized by Idaho's primary government.

FY2027 enacted budget

FY2027 original appropriations by function

$14.4B$14,449,723,200

Exact functional totals from the Legislative Services Office's statewide FY2027 appropriation table. The six functions reconcile exactly to enacted General, Dedicated, and Federal fund appropriations.

Health and human services$6.5B · 45.3%

The Department of Health and Welfare, Medicaid, and the State Independent Living Council.

Education$4.3B · 29.5%

Public schools, colleges and universities, community colleges, career technical education, and other education programs.

Economic development$1.7B · 11.6%

Transportation, commerce, agriculture, labor, self-governing agencies, and business and utility regulation.

General government$727.5M · 5.0%

Administrative and constitutional offices, the Legislature, revenue administration, the Permanent Building Fund, and other central government functions.

Public safety$719.7M · 5.0%

Corrections, courts, juvenile corrections, and the Idaho State Police.

Natural resources$525.7M · 3.6%

Environmental quality, Fish and Game, lands, parks and recreation, and water resources.

Tax structure

Common statewide rates

Property and district rates can be local. Each card states the applicable scope.

Individual income tax

5.3% above zero bracketIdaho's latest published individual schedule applies 0% through $4,811 for single filers or $9,622 for married filers, then 5.3% to additional Idaho taxable income for tax year 2025.Idaho State Tax Commission: Individual Income Tax Rate Schedule

Corporate income tax

5.3% + $20 minimumFor tax year 2025, Idaho's corporation income tax is 5.3% of Idaho taxable income, generally subject to a $20 minimum tax; a narrow alternative applies to qualifying small multistate corporations.Idaho State Tax Commission: Business Income Tax Basics

Sales and use tax

6% State + local resort taxesIdaho's State sales-and-use-tax rate is 6%. Some resort cities impose voter-approved local-option sales taxes in addition to the State rate.Idaho State Tax Commission: Sales and Use Taxes: Basics Guide

Property tax

Local district ratesCounties collect property tax for counties and overlapping local taxing districts. Each district's budget and taxable value determine its rate, and the State of Idaho receives no property-tax revenue.Idaho State Tax Commission: Understanding Property Taxes

Latest audited results

Fiscal year ended June 30, 2025

Government-wide activity for Idaho's primary government on the accrual basis. Revenue combines program revenues and general revenues; transfers cancel within the primary-government total.

Idaho State Controller's Office: State of Idaho FY2025 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report

Government-wide revenue: $16.8B
Government-wide expenses: $16.8B

Method, scope, and limitations

FactVote used the Legislative Services Office's exact post-session FY2027 statewide totals by fund and function. FY2025 tax-source shares and audited activity come from the government-wide ACFR, and current tax-rate facts come from the Idaho State Tax Commission.

The $14.450 billion headline is FY2027 original appropriations, not actual expenditures, and does not include continuously appropriated spending or later adjustments unless included in the report's appropriation table.
Federal and dedicated appropriations are restricted by their funding sources and generally cannot be redirected like General Fund dollars.
FY2025 audited activity is on the accrual basis and is not the same measure or period as FY2027 appropriations.
The tax-source chart uses the ACFR's broad government-wide categories; individual and corporate income taxes are combined, and Other Taxes is not disaggregated on the Statement of Activities.
Property tax is a local revenue source in Idaho and is absent from the State primary-government tax chart; local property and resort-city sales-tax rates vary.
The individual and corporate income-tax facts use the latest published tax-year 2025 schedules available from the Tax Commission.

Last verified August 29, 2026 · Review by August 31, 2027 · Idaho figures refresh annually.

Taxes and the economy

Taxes, government spending, jobs, wages, and small business.

Taxes and economy

$77,800

Median household income

2020–2024 estimate

Median money income received by Idaho households, expressed in 2024 inflation-adjusted dollars.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate.

Keep in mind

Income is not take-home pay and does not directly measure taxes, wealth, prices, or purchasing power.
A statewide median obscures regional and household differences.

Related state trends

Taxes and economy over time

Employment and unemployment place the latest economic facts in a longer statewide context.

Work

Employment and unemployment

3.6%unemployed

The unemployment rate is paired with employed Idaho residents indexed to 2015, so job recovery and labor-market slack remain readable on separate scales.

Unemployment rate
Employed people

Unemployment rate: 3.6%
Employed people: 960.9K
Employment since 2015: +25.1%

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Unemployment rate

Idaho: 3.6%
U.S. benchmark: 4.0%
State rank #1 has the highest unemployment rate — worse: #26 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics via FRED: National unemployment rate

View chart data

Year	Unemployment rate	Employed people	Employment index
2015	3.9%	768,026	100.0
2016	3.7%	788,521	102.7
2017	3.2%	813,579	105.9
2018	2.9%	838,047	109.1
2019	2.9%	863,551	112.4
2020	5.5%	852,450	111.0
2021	3.6%	891,086	116.0
2022	2.9%	923,419	120.2
2023	3.2%	941,813	122.6
2024	3.6%	960,892	125.1

Method and limitations

FactVote uses BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics annual averages for the statewide unemployment rate and civilian employment. The chart converts employment to an index with 2015 equal to 100; the data table retains the published employment level.

LAUS estimates are revised each year through the program's annual processing cycle.
Employment is residence-based civilian employment, not a count of jobs located in the state.
Annual averages smooth within-year changes.

Housing and property costs

Housing supply, affordability, renters, zoning, and property costs.

Housing

$1,238/month

Median gross rent

2020–2024 estimate

Median monthly gross rent for renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent, including contract rent plus estimated average utility and fuel costs paid by the renter.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate and expressed in 2024 dollars.

Keep in mind

This is a multi-year statewide estimate, not a current asking-rent measure.
The median obscures differences by location, unit size, housing quality, and renter circumstances.

Related state trends

Housing over time

Home values and household income show how Idaho housing costs and purchasing power have changed together.

Housing pressure

Home prices versus income growth

+139.9%home prices

FHFA house prices and BEA personal income per person are indexed to the same starting year. A widening gap signals that home prices are rising faster than this broad income measure.

FHFA home prices
Income per person

Home-price growth: +139.9%
Income growth: +63.5%
Income per person: $64,846

U.S. comparison & state rank2025

Home-price growth

Idaho: +139.9%
U.S. benchmark: +86.6%
State rank #1 has the fastest home-price growth — depends on perspective: #1 of 50

Income growth

Idaho: +63.5%
U.S. benchmark: +55.9%
State rank #1 has the fastest income growth — better: #10 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.Federal Housing Finance Agency: U.S. House Price Index U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis via FRED: U.S. personal income per capita

View chart data

Year	FHFA HPI	Home-price index	Income per person	Income index
2016	273.68	100.0	$39,653	100.0
2017	296.68	108.4	$41,197	103.9
2018	330.55	120.8	$43,254	109.1
2019	364.23	133.1	$45,880	115.7
2020	402.88	147.2	$49,726	125.4
2021	507.99	185.6	$55,603	140.2
2022	603.76	220.6	$57,074	143.9
2023	611.95	223.6	$59,220	149.3
2024	637.74	233.0	$62,346	157.2
2025	656.55	239.9	$64,846	163.5

Method and limitations

FactVote averages the four quarterly, not-seasonally-adjusted FHFA all-transactions HPI observations for each year. It compares that series with BEA annual per-capita personal income distributed by FRED, then rebases both to 100 in 2016.

This is a pressure indicator, not a home-price-to-income ratio and not a measure of monthly mortgage affordability.
Both series are nominal; neither is adjusted for inflation.
Per-capita personal income includes earnings, property income, and transfers and is not median household income.

Public safety and criminal justice

Policing, crime prevention, sentencing, incarceration, and rehabilitation.

Public safety and justice

236.6 per 100,000

Reported violent-crime rate

2024

Violent offenses reported to law enforcement per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

FactVote sums the 12 monthly state offense rates returned by the FBI Crime Data Explorer for each calendar year. The accompanying coverage value is the mean of the 12 monthly population-coverage percentages returned with the same query.

Keep in mind

These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Idaho's average monthly population coverage remained at or above 97.5% throughout this series, but coverage still varies and does not equal complete statewide reporting.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.
Average monthly population coverage in 2024 was 99.6%; this is not complete statewide reporting.

Public safety and justice

758.3 per 100,000

Reported property-crime rate

2024

Property offenses reported to law enforcement per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

Keep in mind

These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Idaho's average monthly population coverage remained at or above 97.5% throughout this series, but coverage still varies and does not equal complete statewide reporting.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.
Average monthly population coverage in 2024 was 99.6%; this is not complete statewide reporting.

Public safety and justice

Homicide deaths

2024 final data

Deaths for which homicide was the underlying cause, with the rate age-adjusted per 100,000 residents.

View breakdowns and source

Population-adjusted measure

Age-adjusted homicide death rate: 1.8 per 100,000

How it was measured

CDC National Vital Statistics System death-certificate data.

Keep in mind

Homicide mortality is not the same as offenses reported to police and does not include nonfatal violence.
Counts and rates do not establish causes or the effect of a particular policy.

Related state trends

Public safety and justice over time

Reported violent- and property-crime rates are shown with the coverage cautions needed to compare years responsibly.

Public safety

Reported violent and property crime rates

99.6% coverage

Reported offenses per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions. Amber points flag years when average monthly population coverage was below 90%.

Violent crime
Property crime
Partial reporting

Violent crime: 236.6 per 100k
Property crime: 758.3 per 100k
Population coverage: 99.6%

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Violent-crime rate

Idaho: 236.6 per 100k
U.S. benchmark: 359.1 per 100k
State rank #1 has the highest violent-crime rate — worse: #38 of 50

Property-crime rate

Idaho: 758.3 per 100k
U.S. benchmark: 1760.1 per 100k
State rank #1 has the highest property-crime rate — worse: #50 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.An asterisk marks a state-year with less than 90% average population coverage. The U.S. figures are FBI national estimates; state figures are reported rates.Federal Bureau of Investigation: UCR Summary of Reported Crimes in the Nation, 2024

View chart data

Year	Violent rate	Property rate	Population coverage
2015	216.2 per 100k	1760.2 per 100k	99.9%
2016	228.6 per 100k	1750.7 per 100k	99.9%
2017	242.6 per 100k	1657.9 per 100k	100.0%
2018	238.4 per 100k	1479.9 per 100k	99.9%
2019	237.8 per 100k	1257.3 per 100k	99.8%
2020	258.1 per 100k	1200.6 per 100k	98.5%
2021	248.1 per 100k	990.1 per 100k	97.5%
2022	251.6 per 100k	958.1 per 100k	99.9%
2023	243.2 per 100k	840.1 per 100k	99.8%
2024	236.6 per 100k	758.3 per 100k	99.6%

Method and limitations

These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Idaho's average monthly population coverage remained at or above 97.5% throughout this series, but coverage still varies and does not equal complete statewide reporting.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.

Healthcare

Coverage, prescription costs, Medicaid, and access to care.

Healthcare

11.0%

People under 65 without health insurance

2024 ACS annual estimate

Share of Idaho’s civilian noninstitutionalized residents under age 65 who lacked comprehensive health-insurance coverage at the time of the ACS survey.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the 2024 American Community Survey 1-year estimate.

Keep in mind

This is a survey estimate for people under 65 and does not describe coverage type or continuity of coverage.
Insurance status alone does not measure affordability, access, quality, or health outcomes.

Related state trends

Healthcare over time

Health-insurance coverage and life expectancy provide separate views of access and population health over time.

Health coverage

Residents without health insurance

9.2%uninsured

The share of the civilian noninstitutionalized population without health insurance at the time of the American Community Survey interview.

Uninsured rate
90% confidence margin

Uninsured rate: 9.2%
Margin of error: ±0.6 points

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Uninsured rate

Idaho: 9.2%
U.S. benchmark: 8.2%
State rank #1 has the highest uninsured rate — worse: #13 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.U.S. Census Bureau: HIC-4_ACS health insurance coverage

View chart data

Year	Uninsured rate	90% margin of error
2014	13.6%	±0.7 points
2015	11.0%	±0.6 points
2016	10.1%	±0.5 points
2017	10.1%	±0.5 points
2018	11.1%	±0.6 points
2019	10.8%	±0.5 points
2020	Not released	—
2021	8.8%	±0.6 points
2022	8.2%	±0.5 points
2023	8.9%	±0.5 points
2024	9.2%	±0.6 points

Method and limitations

FactVote uses the Census Bureau's HIC-4_ACS historical table. Rates and 90% confidence margins of error are the published ACS 1-year estimates for the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

The Census Bureau did not release the standard 2020 ACS 1-year estimates because pandemic-era data collection did not meet its quality standards; the chart preserves that gap.
The rate is a survey estimate and the accompanying margin of error should be considered when comparing nearby values.
Coverage is measured at the interview and does not show how long someone was uninsured during the year.

Health outcomes

Life expectancy at birth

78.4 yearsat birth

Period life expectancy at birth based on Idaho's annual complete life tables and final state-specific death data.

Life expectancy at birth

U.S. comparison & state rank2022

Life expectancy

Idaho: 78.4 years
U.S. benchmark: 77.5 years
State rank #1 has the highest life expectancy — better: #12 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.CDC National Center for Health Statistics: U.S. state life tables, 2018–2022

View chart data

Year	Life expectancy at birth
2018	79.0 years
2019	79.5 years
2020	78.4 years
2021	77.2 years
2022	78.4 years

Method and limitations

FactVote uses CDC National Center for Health Statistics annual complete life-table estimates for the total Idaho population. Values are rounded to the published tenth of a year.

The latest published comparable state series ends in 2022, even though newer national life-expectancy estimates may be available.
Period life expectancy summarizes current mortality rates; it is not a forecast of how long a particular person will live.
The 2020 and 2021 estimates reflect the mortality shock during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Education

Public schools, school choice, teachers, and higher education.

Education

91.9%

Adults with at least a high school diploma

2020–2024 estimate

Share of Idaho residents age 25 and older whose reported attainment is a regular high school diploma or equivalent (including GED or an alternative credential), some college, or an associate’s or higher degree.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate.

Keep in mind

This is an adult educational-attainment measure, not a current high-school graduation rate or a measure of school quality.
A statewide estimate can obscure differences across communities and demographic groups.

Related state trends

Education over time

Comparable NAEP assessment years show changes in statewide reading and mathematics performance.

Education

NAEP reading and math scores

215.7Grade 4 reading

Grade 4 and Grade 8 public-school mean scale scores from the Nation's Report Card. Reading and math are shown within each grade on their own panel.

Reading · circle
Math · square

Grade 4 reading: 215.7
Grade 4 math: 238.4
Grade 8 reading: 260.7
Grade 8 math: 278.1

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Grade 4 reading

Idaho: 215.7
U.S. benchmark: 215.0
State rank #1 has the highest score — better: #18 of 50

Grade 4 math

Idaho: 238.4
U.S. benchmark: 237.5
State rank #1 has the highest score — better: #21 of 50

Grade 8 reading

Idaho: 260.7
U.S. benchmark: 258.0
State rank #1 has the highest score — better: #9 of 50

Grade 8 math

Idaho: 278.1
U.S. benchmark: 273.8
State rank #1 has the highest score — better: #14 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.State ranks use public-school results. The U.S. benchmark includes the national public- and nonpublic-school sample.U.S. Department of Education, NCES: NAEP national results

View chart data

Assessment year	Grade 4 reading	Grade 4 math	Grade 8 reading	Grade 8 math
2003	218.3	234.9	264.4	279.9
2005	221.9	241.7	264.3	281.0
2007	223.4	240.9	264.9	283.5
2009	221.0	241.0	264.8	287.3
2011	220.8	240.3	268.0	286.7
2013	219.3	240.7	270.2	286.4
2015	221.7	238.8	268.6	283.7
2017	222.8	240.0	269.7	284.4
2019	222.5	241.9	266.5	285.9
2022	214.9	236.2	263.5	281.8
2024	215.7	238.4	260.7	278.1

Method and limitations

FactVote uses NAEP Data Service mean scale scores for all public-school students in Idaho. The series uses the total student group and the main reading and mathematics composite scales for Grade 4 and Grade 8.

NAEP is generally administered every two years; the 2021 administration was postponed, so the timeline moves from 2019 to 2022.
NAEP results are estimates from a sample. Statistical significance, not a visual gap alone, determines whether scores differ.
Each grade and subject has its own scale. Follow one line over time rather than comparing the numeric distance between grades or subjects.

Environment and energy

Clean water, conservation, climate, and energy production.

Environment

9.51¢/kWh

Average retail electricity price

2024

Average retail electricity revenue per kilowatthour across customer sectors in the EIA state profile.

View breakdowns and source

Electric system

Primary generation source: Hydroelectric
In-state net generation: 20.0 million MWh
Carbon dioxide emissions: 3.482 million metric tons

How it was measured

U.S. Energy Information Administration Forms EIA-860, EIA-861, and EIA-923.

Keep in mind

The statewide average is not every customer's bill or current utility rate.
In-state generation differs from power consumed because electricity crosses state lines.

Environment

$4.31/gal

Rocky Mountain regular gasoline price

Week of September 7, 2026

Estimated average retail price of regular-grade gasoline across all formulations in EIA's Rocky Mountain region, including taxes. The region contains Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming.

Idaho$4.314/gal

United States$4.157/gal

The Rocky Mountain average was $0.157 per gallon higher, or about 3.8% above the U.S. average.

View breakdowns and source

Idaho and U.S. context

Regular gasoline price

Idaho: $4.314/gal
United States: $4.157/gal

The Rocky Mountain average was $0.157 per gallon higher, or about 3.8% above the U.S. average.

Both figures are EIA weekly retail estimates for regular gasoline, including taxes, for the week of September 7, 2026. The Idaho-side figure is the Rocky Mountain regional average, not an Idaho statewide estimate.U.S. Energy Information Administration: U.S. Regular All Formulations Retail Gasoline Prices

Recent EIA observations

Prior week: $4.266/gal
Weekly change: +4.8¢
One year earlier: $3.240/gal
Change from one year earlier: +107.4¢

How it was measured

FactVote uses EIA’s Rocky Mountain series, the smallest current EIA retail region that includes Idaho. Changes are calculated from the published August 31, 2026 (prior week), and September 8, 2025 (52 weeks earlier), observations.

Keep in mind

EIA does not publish a current Idaho statewide weekly gasoline-price series. This Rocky Mountain regional estimate should not be read as Idaho’s statewide average.
The regional average combines Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming, and does not represent the price at every station or in every Idaho community.
Prices are nominal and not adjusted for inflation or seasonal patterns. Weekly estimates can be revised and can differ from monthly averages.
Price changes alone do not establish the effect of any bill, official, or government action.

Related state trends

Environment over time

Idaho electricity generation, residential power prices, and gasoline prices show how the state's energy costs and supply have changed.

Energy

Electricity mix and residential price

11.52¢/kWhresidential average

In-state utility-scale electricity generation by energy source is paired with the annual average residential electricity price on a separate scale.

Natural gas31.4%
Coal0.0%
Nuclear0.0%
Solar5.1%
Hydroelectric45.7%
Wind15.1%
Other2.8%

Residential price: 11.52¢/kWh
Total generation: 20.0 TWh
Largest source: Hydroelectric · 45.7%

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Residential electricity price

Idaho: 11.52¢/kWh
U.S. benchmark: 16.48¢/kWh
State rank #1 has the highest electricity price — worse: #49 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.U.S. Energy Information Administration: National residential electricity price

View chart data

Year	Total generation	Natural gas	Coal	Solar	Hydroelectric	Wind	Other	Residential price
2015	15.667 TWh	3.804 TWh	0.079 TWh	0.000 TWh	8.757 TWh	2.270 TWh	0.758 TWh	9.93¢/kWh
2016	15.661 TWh	3.321 TWh	0.029 TWh	0.030 TWh	9.033 TWh	2.578 TWh	0.669 TWh	9.95¢/kWh
2017	17.396 TWh	3.079 TWh	0.024 TWh	0.459 TWh	10.670 TWh	2.545 TWh	0.618 TWh	10.04¢/kWh
2018	18.172 TWh	3.279 TWh	0.020 TWh	0.556 TWh	11.024 TWh	2.655 TWh	0.638 TWh	10.15¢/kWh
2019	18.408 TWh	4.267 TWh	0.021 TWh	0.557 TWh	10.333 TWh	2.551 TWh	0.679 TWh	9.89¢/kWh
2020	17.686 TWh	4.157 TWh	0.020 TWh	0.566 TWh	9.508 TWh	2.771 TWh	0.665 TWh	9.95¢/kWh
2021	16.836 TWh	4.935 TWh	0.016 TWh	0.565 TWh	7.995 TWh	2.680 TWh	0.645 TWh	10.16¢/kWh
2022	16.278 TWh	4.335 TWh	0.006 TWh	0.533 TWh	8.360 TWh	2.442 TWh	0.602 TWh	10.37¢/kWh
2023	17.842 TWh	5.686 TWh	0.000 TWh	0.854 TWh	8.378 TWh	2.320 TWh	0.605 TWh	11.05¢/kWh
2024	20.035 TWh	6.285 TWh	0.000 TWh	1.018 TWh	9.150 TWh	3.016 TWh	0.566 TWh	11.52¢/kWh

Method and limitations

FactVote uses EIA's annual utility-scale net generation series and groups sources into seven categories. The residential price is EIA's annual average revenue per kilowatthour and includes generation, transmission, distribution, taxes, and fees reflected in electric bills.

Generation is electricity produced inside Idaho, not electricity consumed there; interstate imports and exports are not represented.
The consistent utility-scale series excludes estimated generation from small-scale solar systems under 1 megawatt. Hydroelectric combines conventional and pumped-storage net generation; the 'other' category is the residual of remaining reported energy sources.
The residential price is a statewide nominal average and can mask large differences among utilities, plans, and household usage.

Fuel cost

Monthly regular gasoline price

$3.881/galmonthly average

Monthly regular-grade gasoline prices in EIA’s Rocky Mountain region show the market trend surrounding Idaho. The regional average includes Idaho.

Regular gasoline · monthly average

Price: $3.881/gal
From prior month: −15.6¢
From one year earlier: +75.1¢

U.S. comparison & state rank2026-07

Regular gasoline

Idaho: $3.881/gal
U.S. benchmark: $3.932/gal
State rank #1 has the highest gasoline price — worse: #19* of 49

* EIA does not publish a current Idaho statewide monthly gasoline-price series; this chart uses a five-state regional average, not a statewide measurement.

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.Gasoline ranks cover states with a published FactVote monthly series. An asterisk marks an EIA regional or metro proxy rather than a statewide measurement.U.S. Energy Information Administration: U.S. regular gasoline prices

View chart data

Month	Regular gasoline price
January 2020	$2.594/gal
February 2020	$2.487/gal
March 2020	$2.293/gal
April 2020	$1.901/gal
May 2020	$1.837/gal
June 2020	$2.218/gal
July 2020	$2.323/gal
August 2020	$2.355/gal
September 2020	$2.321/gal
October 2020	$2.258/gal
November 2020	$2.194/gal
December 2020	$2.180/gal
January 2021	$2.226/gal
February 2021	$2.361/gal
March 2021	$2.800/gal
April 2021	$2.967/gal
May 2021	$3.102/gal
June 2021	$3.258/gal
July 2021	$3.519/gal
August 2021	$3.660/gal
September 2021	$3.613/gal
October 2021	$3.564/gal
November 2021	$3.535/gal
December 2021	$3.425/gal
January 2022	$3.341/gal
February 2022	$3.344/gal
March 2022	$4.060/gal
April 2022	$4.156/gal
May 2022	$4.296/gal
June 2022	$4.902/gal
July 2022	$4.864/gal
August 2022	$4.250/gal
September 2022	$3.906/gal
October 2022	$3.874/gal
November 2022	$3.662/gal
December 2022	$3.180/gal
January 2023	$3.287/gal
February 2023	$3.767/gal
March 2023	$3.660/gal
April 2023	$3.494/gal
May 2023	$3.558/gal
June 2023	$3.704/gal
July 2023	$3.786/gal
August 2023	$3.978/gal
September 2023	$4.020/gal
October 2023	$3.743/gal
November 2023	$3.274/gal
December 2023	$2.896/gal
January 2024	$2.737/gal
February 2024	$2.860/gal
March 2024	$3.137/gal
April 2024	$3.408/gal
May 2024	$3.412/gal
June 2024	$3.312/gal
July 2024	$3.377/gal
August 2024	$3.419/gal
September 2024	$3.401/gal
October 2024	$3.237/gal
November 2024	$2.981/gal
December 2024	$2.836/gal
January 2025	$2.902/gal
February 2025	$3.013/gal
March 2025	$3.015/gal
April 2025	$3.132/gal
May 2025	$3.126/gal
June 2025	$3.138/gal
July 2025	$3.130/gal
August 2025	$3.152/gal
September 2025	$3.179/gal
October 2025	$3.021/gal
November 2025	$2.917/gal
December 2025	$2.580/gal
January 2026	$2.464/gal
February 2026	$2.659/gal
March 2026	$3.484/gal
April 2026	$3.935/gal
May 2026	$4.469/gal
June 2026	$4.037/gal
July 2026	$3.881/gal
August 2026	$4.234/gal

Method and limitations

FactVote uses EIA’s monthly Rocky Mountain (PADD 4) Regular All Formulations Retail Gasoline Prices series. Monthly averages are simple averages of the published weekly estimates; prices include taxes.

This regional series covers Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming; it is not an Idaho statewide average.
The regional average masks differences among states, communities, and individual stations.
Prices are nominal and not adjusted for inflation or seasonal patterns. The monthly series ends in August 2026 and can differ from the weekly fact.
Price changes alone do not establish the effect of any bill, official, or government action.

Gun policy and public safety

Firearm rights, gun-safety rules, and violence prevention.

Gun policy

331

Firearm deaths

2024 final data

Deaths in which firearm injury was the underlying cause, with the rate age-adjusted per 100,000 residents.

View breakdowns and source

Population-adjusted measure

Age-adjusted firearm death rate: 15.9 per 100,000

How it was measured

CDC National Vital Statistics System death-certificate data.

Keep in mind

The total combines firearm deaths across intents, including suicide, homicide, legal intervention, and unintentional or undetermined injury.
It does not measure nonfatal injuries, firearm ownership, defensive uses, or policy effects.

Social Security, Medicare, and retirement

Retirement benefits, Medicare, and the long-term financing of these programs.

Immigration and border policy

Border enforcement, legal immigration, and pathways to citizenship.

Immigration

5.9%

Residents who are foreign-born

2020–2024 estimate

Share of Idaho residents who were not U.S. citizens at birth, including naturalized citizens, lawful noncitizens, and people without lawful status.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate.

Keep in mind

Foreign-born is not a measure of unauthorized immigration or current border crossings.
The Census does not assign legal status in this measure.

Related state trends

Immigration over time

Population change is separated into natural change, domestic migration, and international migration.

People

Population growth and migration

2Mresidents

July 1 population estimates alongside the annual changes attributable to births minus deaths, domestic migration, and international migration.

Population
Births minus deaths
Domestic migration
International migration

Births minus deaths: +6.9K
Domestic migration: +19.9K
International migration: +2.1K

U.S. comparison & state rank2025

Population

Idaho: 2,029,733
U.S. total: 341,784,857
State rank #1 is most populous — not a performance ranking: #37 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.U.S. Census Bureau: Vintage 2025 national population estimates

View chart data

Year	Population	Natural change	Domestic migration	International migration	Residual
2020	1,849,328	—	—	—	—
2021	1,904,855	4,731	52,350	699	-2,253
2022	1,942,951	3,436	28,019	5,908	733
2023	1,970,497	5,528	14,713	7,179	126
2024	2,000,872	6,086	15,975	8,154	160
2025	2,029,733	6,900	19,915	2,148	-102

Method and limitations

FactVote uses the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025 consistent state series. Population is the July 1 estimate. Change components describe the preceding annual estimates period, and the Census residual adjustment reconciles the components to the published population change.

Vintage estimates are revised as the Census Bureau incorporates newer records and methods.
Domestic and international migration are modeled demographic estimates, not direct counts of every move.
The small residual adjustment is included in the data table but not drawn as a separate bar.

Voting, democracy, and government accountability

Voting access, election administration, ethics, transparency, and corruption.

Democracy and accountability

77.8%

Registered-voter turnout

November 5, 2024 general election

Share of registered Idaho voters recorded as casting a ballot in the November 2024 general election.

View breakdowns and source

2024 general and 2026 primary turnout comparison

General election turnout: 77.8%
Primary election turnoutMay 19, 2026 primary election: 30.1%

Idaho's official 2026 canvass reports 312,139 primary ballots among 1,035,840 registered voters after Election Day registration.

The percentages use registered voters after Election Day registration; they are not turnout among every voting-eligible resident.
Primary and general elections present different contests and participation incentives.

Idaho Secretary of State: 2026 Primary County Voting Statistics Download official data Review by January 31, 2027

How it was measured

The Idaho Secretary of State's official canvass reports 917,469 ballots cast among 1,178,750 registered voters after Election Day registration.

Keep in mind

This is registered-voter turnout, not participation among every voting-eligible resident.
Turnout does not by itself measure election access, administration quality, confidence, or the effect of a specific rule.

Abortion and reproductive rights

Access to abortion and reproductive healthcare.

Reproductive rights

Abortions reported as occurring in Idaho

2023

Induced abortions reported as occurring in Idaho during 2023, regardless of the patient's state of residence.

View breakdowns and source

By patient residence

Idaho residents: 5

By county of occurrence

Ada County: 4
Canyon County: 1

How it was measured

Idaho Department of Health and Welfare Bureau of Vital Records and Health Statistics summary of induced-abortion reports filed for events occurring in Idaho.

Keep in mind

This is an occurrence count and does not measure abortions obtained by Idaho residents outside Idaho. Idaho received no abortion records for Idaho residents whose procedures occurred in Washington or Oregon in 2022 or 2023 and did not publish residence-based statistical reports for those years.
The annual summary reports only five events, so small numeric changes can produce large percentage changes; the count does not measure access, affordability, unreported events, complications, or other health outcomes.

Facts are shown for context only and do not affect candidate matching or rankings. Dates, definitions, limitations, and primary sources are included with each figure.

State trends

How Idaho is changing

Nine trend views cover population, work, housing, public safety, education, health coverage, longevity, gasoline prices, and energy. Gasoline uses an explicitly labeled regional average; other charts use Idaho statewide measures. Each chart now sits directly beneath its related fact section.

Idaho

FY2027 all-funds original appropriations

Fiscal year ended June 30, 2025

Taxes and the economy

How it was measured

Unemployment rate

Housing and property costs

How it was measured

Home-price growth

Income growth

Public safety and criminal justice

How it was measured

How it was measured

Population-adjusted measure

How it was measured

Violent-crime rate

Property-crime rate

Healthcare

How it was measured

Uninsured rate

Life expectancy

Education

How it was measured

Grade 4 reading

Grade 4 math

Grade 8 reading

Grade 8 math

Environment and energy

Electric system

How it was measured

Idaho and U.S. context

Recent EIA observations

How it was measured

Residential electricity price

Regular gasoline

Gun policy and public safety

Population-adjusted measure

How it was measured

Social Security, Medicare, and retirement

Idaho and U.S. context

Selected beneficiary groups

How it was measured

Immigration and border policy

How it was measured

Population

Voting, democracy, and government accountability

2024 general and 2026 primary turnout comparison

How it was measured

Abortion and reproductive rights

By patient residence

By county of occurrence

How it was measured