THE ALOHA STATE

Hawaii

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State snapshot

Hawaii facts

Explore dated, statewide figures across taxes and the economy, housing, public safety, health, education, and other civic topics.

Explore Hawaii individual facts and compare every state →

14 topic facts + fiscal overview + 9 state trends + 28 reviewed government links

Public money

How Hawaii funds state services

Hawaii's enacted FY2027 Executive Branch operating budget, FY2025 audited State tax revenue and activity, current tax rates, and exact operating appropriations grouped by statewide function. Each section preserves its own period and accounting scope.

Enacted budget plan

$20.3BFY2027

Enacted as Act 175 on June 26, 2026

FY2027 Executive Branch operating budget

July 1, 2026–June 30, 2027

Exact reported total: $20,315,201,838

The final FY2027 operating appropriation for the Executive Branch in HB 1800, CD1, across all means of financing. The separate $4,533,833,000 FY2027 capital-improvement authorization is excluded, as are the Legislature, Judiciary, and Office of Hawaiian Affairs, which are outside this Executive Branch budget measure.

Hawaii State Legislature, Conference Committee on HB 1800: Conference Committee Report No. 125-26 — HB 1800, CD1 Final FY2027 Appropriations

FY2027

How the enacted budget is financed

$20.3B$20,315,201,838

General funds$10.6B · 52.4%

Hawaii's broadly available general-fund operating appropriation for the Executive Branch.

All other means of financing$9.7B · 47.6%

Special, federal, revolving, trust, interdepartmental, bond-related, and other financing included in the final operating total.

FY2025 ACFR actual

Where State tax revenue comes from

$10.8B$10,815,188,000

Shares of the $10.815 billion in tax revenue reported as general revenue for Hawaii's governmental activities. Net income tax combines corporations and individuals in the ACFR; county real-property taxes are not State tax revenue and do not appear here.

General excise tax$5.0B · 45.9%

Tax on gross business income and receipts, recognized as Hawaii's largest government-wide tax source.

Net income tax — corporations and individuals$3.7B · 34.1%

Corporate and individual net-income taxes combined on the Statement of Activities.

Other State taxes$1.1B · 10.4%

Public-service-company, tobacco and liquor, liquid-fuel, vehicle-weight and registration, rental-vehicle surcharge, franchise, and other taxes grouped here.

Transient accommodations tax$810.7M · 7.5%

Tax revenue from short-term lodging and other taxable transient accommodations.

Insurance-premium tax$222.1M · 2.1%

Tax on premiums of insurance companies recognized by the primary government.

FY2027 enacted Executive Branch budget

FY2027 operating budget by statewide function

$20.3B$20,315,201,838

FactVote sums the exact FY2027 Conference Draft program totals in the Legislature's final HB 1800 worksheets by the State's eleven functional-plan structure codes, then combines related functions into six service areas. All 273 operating programs reconcile exactly to the enacted all-means-of-financing total.

Health and human services$6.9B · 34.2%

Health and social-services functions, including medical assistance, welfare, behavioral health, and other human-service programs.

Education and culture$6.3B · 31.2%

Formal education plus culture-and-recreation programs, including public schools and the University of Hawaii.

Government-wide support$3.1B · 15.5%

Tax collection, debt service, statewide administration, employee benefits, and other central Executive Branch support functions.

Transportation$1.6B · 8.0%

Airports, harbors, highways, and other transportation programs in the State functional plan.

Economic development, labor and environment$1.6B · 7.8%

Economic development, employment, and environmental-protection functions, including agriculture, tourism, workforce, and natural-resource programs.

Public safety and individual rights$681.3M · 3.4%

Corrections, law enforcement, defense and emergency management, legal services, civil rights, and other protections for individuals.

Tax structure

Common statewide rates

Property and district rates can be local. Each card states the applicable scope.

Individual income tax

1.4%–11%For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2024, Hawaii's graduated individual-income-tax schedule begins at 1.4% and reaches 11%, with bracket thresholds varying by filing status.Hawaii Department of Taxation: Individual Tax Tables and Rate Schedules After December 31, 2024

Corporate income tax

4.4%–6.4%The corporate-income-tax schedule applies 4.4% through $25,000, 5.4% from $25,000 through $100,000, and 6.4% above $100,000, subject to the form's tax computations.Hawaii Department of Taxation: 2025 Instructions for Form N-30, Corporation Income Tax Return

General excise tax

4% State + 0.5% countyHawaii taxes most retail, service, rental, and other business activity at 4% rather than imposing a conventional sales tax. Honolulu, Hawaii, Kauai, and Maui counties each add a 0.5% surcharge to activity taxed at 4% through 2030.Hawaii Department of Taxation: County Surcharge on General Excise and Use Tax

Property tax

County-set ratesEach of Hawaii's four counties administers real-property taxes and sets classifications, rates, exemptions, and valuation rules; the State does not impose one statewide real-property-tax rate.Hawaii Department of Taxation: Useful Links — Counties in Hawaii

Latest audited results

Fiscal year ended June 30, 2025

Government-wide activity for Hawaii's primary government on the accrual basis. Revenue combines program revenues and general revenues across governmental and business-type activities.

State of Hawaii, Department of Accounting and General Services: State of Hawaii FY2025 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report

Government-wide revenue: $19.9B
Government-wide expenses: $17.0B

Method, scope, and limitations

FactVote used the conference committee's exact enacted FY2027 operating and General Fund totals and reconciled all 273 final Legislative Budget System program totals to the $20.315 billion operating headline. FY2025 tax-source shares and audited activity come from the government-wide ACFR, and current tax-rate facts come from the Hawaii Department of Taxation.

The $20.315 billion headline covers Executive Branch operating appropriations only; the separate $4.534 billion capital-improvement program is excluded.
The Executive Branch budget measure excludes appropriations for the Legislature, Judiciary, and Office of Hawaiian Affairs.
The spending chart combines Hawaii's eleven official functional-plan codes into six reader-facing groups; the exact program totals still reconcile to the enacted operating amount.
FY2027 appropriations are spending authority, not actual expenditures, and later transfers or supplemental actions can change program-level availability.
FY2025 audited activity is on the accrual basis and is not the same measure or period as the FY2027 operating budget.
The ACFR combines corporate and individual net-income taxes in one government-wide tax line and groups several smaller taxes into Other State taxes for this chart.
Hawaii's general excise tax is imposed on business gross receipts rather than directly on customers like a conventional retail sales tax, although businesses may pass it on.
Real-property-tax rates, classifications, exemptions, and valuations vary among Hawaii's four counties.

Last verified August 29, 2026 · Review by August 31, 2027 · Hawaii figures refresh annually.

Taxes and the economy

Taxes, government spending, jobs, wages, and small business.

Taxes and economy

$100,389

Median household income

2020–2024 estimate

Median money income received by Hawaii households, expressed in 2024 inflation-adjusted dollars.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate.

Keep in mind

Income is not take-home pay and does not directly measure taxes, wealth, prices, or purchasing power.
A statewide median obscures island, regional, and household differences.

Related state trends

Taxes and economy over time

Employment and unemployment place the latest economic facts in a longer statewide context.

Work

Employment and unemployment

2.8%unemployed

The unemployment rate is paired with employed Hawaii residents indexed to 2015, so job recovery and labor-market slack remain readable on separate scales.

Unemployment rate
Employed people

Unemployment rate: 2.8%
Employed people: 663.7K
Employment since 2015: +0.6%

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Unemployment rate

Hawaii: 2.8%
U.S. benchmark: 4.0%
State rank #1 has the highest unemployment rate — worse: #45 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics via FRED: National unemployment rate

View chart data

Year	Unemployment rate	Employed people	Employment index
2015	3.4%	659,781	100.0
2016	2.9%	674,043	102.2
2017	2.2%	681,157	103.2
2018	2.4%	676,788	102.6
2019	2.5%	671,166	101.7
2020	11.6%	588,617	89.2
2021	6.0%	632,437	95.9
2022	3.2%	654,048	99.1
2023	2.9%	661,044	100.2
2024	2.8%	663,668	100.6

Method and limitations

FactVote uses BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics annual averages for the statewide unemployment rate and civilian employment. The chart converts employment to an index with 2015 equal to 100; the data table retains the published employment level.

LAUS estimates are revised each year through the program's annual processing cycle.
Employment is residence-based civilian employment, not a count of jobs located in the state.
Annual averages smooth within-year changes.

Housing and property costs

Housing supply, affordability, renters, zoning, and property costs.

Housing

$1,971/month

Median gross rent

2020–2024 estimate

Median monthly gross rent for renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent, including contract rent plus estimated average utility and fuel costs paid by the renter.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate and expressed in 2024 dollars.

Keep in mind

This is a multi-year statewide estimate, not a current asking-rent measure.
The median obscures differences by island, location, unit size, housing quality, and renter circumstances.

Related state trends

Housing over time

Home values and household income show how Hawaii housing costs and purchasing power have changed together.

Housing pressure

Home prices versus income growth

+70.5%home prices

FHFA house prices and BEA personal income per person are indexed to the same starting year. A widening gap signals that home prices are rising faster than this broad income measure.

FHFA home prices
Income per person

Home-price growth: +70.5%
Income growth: +57.7%
Income per person: $76,592

U.S. comparison & state rank2025

Home-price growth

Hawaii: +70.5%
U.S. benchmark: +86.6%
State rank #1 has the fastest home-price growth — depends on perspective: #40 of 50

Income growth

Hawaii: +57.7%
U.S. benchmark: +55.9%
State rank #1 has the fastest income growth — better: #19 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.Federal Housing Finance Agency: U.S. House Price Index U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis via FRED: U.S. personal income per capita

View chart data

Year	FHFA HPI	Home-price index	Income per person	Income index
2016	389.22	100.0	$48,561	100.0
2017	405.52	104.2	$50,506	104.0
2018	422.29	108.5	$51,554	106.2
2019	436.90	112.3	$53,940	111.1
2020	449.02	115.4	$57,030	117.4
2021	497.42	127.8	$61,269	126.2
2022	600.03	154.2	$63,296	130.3
2023	614.93	158.0	$67,571	139.1
2024	646.77	166.2	$71,573	147.4
2025	663.54	170.5	$76,592	157.7

Method and limitations

FactVote averages the four quarterly, not-seasonally-adjusted FHFA all-transactions HPI observations for each year. It compares that series with BEA annual per-capita personal income distributed by FRED, then rebases both to 100 in 2016.

This is a pressure indicator, not a home-price-to-income ratio and not a measure of monthly mortgage affordability.
Both series are nominal; neither is adjusted for inflation.
Per-capita personal income includes earnings, property income, and transfers and is not median household income.

Public safety and criminal justice

Policing, crime prevention, sentencing, incarceration, and rehabilitation.

Public safety and justice

230.3 per 100,000

Reported violent-crime rate

2024

Violent offenses reported to law enforcement per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

FactVote sums the 12 monthly state offense rates returned by the FBI Crime Data Explorer for each calendar year. The accompanying coverage value is the mean of the 12 monthly population-coverage percentages returned with the same query.

Keep in mind

These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Hawaii's returned average monthly population coverage was 100% throughout this series; coverage measures participating-agency population, not whether every crime was reported.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.
Average monthly population coverage in 2024 was 100%; this is not complete statewide reporting.

Public safety and justice

2,058.2 per 100,000

Reported property-crime rate

2024

Property offenses reported to law enforcement per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

Keep in mind

These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Hawaii's returned average monthly population coverage was 100% throughout this series; coverage measures participating-agency population, not whether every crime was reported.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.
Average monthly population coverage in 2024 was 100%; this is not complete statewide reporting.

Public safety and justice

Homicide deaths

2024 final data

Deaths for which homicide was the underlying cause, with the rate age-adjusted per 100,000 residents.

View breakdowns and source

Population-adjusted measure

Age-adjusted homicide death rate: 2.8 per 100,000

How it was measured

CDC National Vital Statistics System death-certificate data.

Keep in mind

Homicide mortality is not the same as offenses reported to police and does not include nonfatal violence.
Small counts can produce unstable rates; counts and rates do not establish causes or the effect of a particular policy.

Related state trends

Public safety and justice over time

Reported violent- and property-crime rates are shown with the coverage cautions needed to compare years responsibly.

Public safety

Reported violent and property crime rates

100.0% coverage

Reported offenses per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions. Amber points flag years when average monthly population coverage was below 90%.

Violent crime
Property crime
Partial reporting

Violent crime: 230.3 per 100k
Property crime: 2058.2 per 100k
Population coverage: 100.0%

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Violent-crime rate

Hawaii: 230.3 per 100k
U.S. benchmark: 359.1 per 100k
State rank #1 has the highest violent-crime rate — worse: #39 of 50

Property-crime rate

Hawaii: 2058.2 per 100k
U.S. benchmark: 1760.1 per 100k
State rank #1 has the highest property-crime rate — worse: #11 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.An asterisk marks a state-year with less than 90% average population coverage. The U.S. figures are FBI national estimates; state figures are reported rates.Federal Bureau of Investigation: UCR Summary of Reported Crimes in the Nation, 2024

View chart data

Year	Violent rate	Property rate	Population coverage
2015	246.6 per 100k	3199.6 per 100k	100.0%
2016	241.6 per 100k	2998.7 per 100k	100.0%
2017	250.6 per 100k	2865.0 per 100k	100.0%
2018	261.4 per 100k	2921.6 per 100k	100.0%
2019	270.1 per 100k	2904.8 per 100k	100.0%
2020	263.7 per 100k	2472.4 per 100k	100.0%
2021	269.9 per 100k	2673.8 per 100k	100.0%
2022	276.0 per 100k	2591.5 per 100k	100.0%
2023	244.5 per 100k	2196.8 per 100k	100.0%
2024	230.3 per 100k	2058.2 per 100k	100.0%

Method and limitations

These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Hawaii's returned average monthly population coverage was 100% throughout this series; coverage measures participating-agency population, not whether every crime was reported.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.

Healthcare

Coverage, prescription costs, Medicaid, and access to care.

Healthcare

4.3%

People under 65 without health insurance

2024 ACS annual estimate

Share of Hawaii’s civilian noninstitutionalized residents under age 65 who lacked comprehensive health-insurance coverage at the time of the ACS survey.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the 2024 American Community Survey 1-year estimate.

Keep in mind

This is a survey estimate for people under 65 and does not describe coverage type or continuity of coverage.
Insurance status alone does not measure affordability, access, quality, or health outcomes.

Related state trends

Healthcare over time

Health-insurance coverage and life expectancy provide separate views of access and population health over time.

Health coverage

Residents without health insurance

3.5%uninsured

The share of the civilian noninstitutionalized population without health insurance at the time of the American Community Survey interview.

Uninsured rate
90% confidence margin

Uninsured rate: 3.5%
Margin of error: ±0.4 points

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Uninsured rate

Hawaii: 3.5%
U.S. benchmark: 8.2%
State rank #1 has the highest uninsured rate — worse: #49 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.U.S. Census Bureau: HIC-4_ACS health insurance coverage

View chart data

Year	Uninsured rate	90% margin of error
2014	5.3%	±0.4 points
2015	4.0%	±0.3 points
2016	3.5%	±0.4 points
2017	3.8%	±0.4 points
2018	4.1%	±0.4 points
2019	4.2%	±0.4 points
2020	Not released	—
2021	3.9%	±0.4 points
2022	3.5%	±0.4 points
2023	3.2%	±0.3 points
2024	3.5%	±0.4 points

Method and limitations

FactVote uses the Census Bureau's HIC-4_ACS historical table. Rates and 90% confidence margins of error are the published ACS 1-year estimates for the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

The Census Bureau did not release the standard 2020 ACS 1-year estimates because pandemic-era data collection did not meet its quality standards; the chart preserves that gap.
The rate is a survey estimate and the accompanying margin of error should be considered when comparing nearby values.
Coverage is measured at the interview and does not show how long someone was uninsured during the year.

Health outcomes

Life expectancy at birth

80.0 yearsat birth

Period life expectancy at birth based on Hawaii's annual complete life tables and final state-specific death data.

Life expectancy at birth

U.S. comparison & state rank2022

Life expectancy

Hawaii: 80.0 years
U.S. benchmark: 77.5 years
State rank #1 has the highest life expectancy — better: #1 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.CDC National Center for Health Statistics: U.S. state life tables, 2018–2022

View chart data

Year	Life expectancy at birth
2018	81.0 years
2019	80.9 years
2020	80.7 years
2021	79.9 years
2022	80.0 years

Method and limitations

FactVote uses CDC National Center for Health Statistics annual complete life-table estimates for the total Hawaii population. Values are rounded to the published tenth of a year.

The latest published comparable state series ends in 2022, even though newer national life-expectancy estimates may be available.
Period life expectancy summarizes current mortality rates; it is not a forecast of how long a particular person will live.
The 2020 and 2021 estimates reflect the mortality shock during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Education

Public schools, school choice, teachers, and higher education.

Education

93.2%

Adults with at least a high school diploma

2020–2024 estimate

Share of Hawaii residents age 25 and older whose reported attainment is a regular high school diploma or equivalent (including GED or an alternative credential), some college, or an associate’s or higher degree.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate.

Keep in mind

This is an adult educational-attainment measure, not a current high-school graduation rate or a measure of school quality.
A statewide estimate can obscure differences across islands, communities, and demographic groups.

Related state trends

Education over time

Comparable NAEP assessment years show changes in statewide reading and mathematics performance.

Education

NAEP reading and math scores

215.8Grade 4 reading

Grade 4 and Grade 8 public-school mean scale scores from the Nation's Report Card. Reading and math are shown within each grade on their own panel.

Reading · circle
Math · square

Grade 4 reading: 215.8
Grade 4 math: 239.3
Grade 8 reading: 257.3
Grade 8 math: 270.0

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Grade 4 reading

Hawaii: 215.8
U.S. benchmark: 215.0
State rank #1 has the highest score — better: #16 of 50

Grade 4 math

Hawaii: 239.3
U.S. benchmark: 237.5
State rank #1 has the highest score — better: #14 of 50

Grade 8 reading

Hawaii: 257.3
U.S. benchmark: 258.0
State rank #1 has the highest score — better: #25 of 50

Grade 8 math

Hawaii: 270.0
U.S. benchmark: 273.8
State rank #1 has the highest score — better: #30 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.State ranks use public-school results. The U.S. benchmark includes the national public- and nonpublic-school sample.U.S. Department of Education, NCES: NAEP national results

View chart data

Assessment year	Grade 4 reading	Grade 4 math	Grade 8 reading	Grade 8 math
2003	208.3	226.8	251.3	265.7
2005	209.6	230.1	248.5	265.6
2007	213.5	234.3	251.3	268.8
2009	210.6	235.7	254.7	273.8
2011	213.6	238.8	257.2	277.8
2013	214.8	243.3	260.0	281.4
2015	215.1	237.9	257.4	279.3
2017	216.4	237.9	261.0	277.3
2019	217.5	238.6	258.2	275.3
2022	218.8	236.5	259.0	270.1
2024	215.8	239.3	257.3	270.0

Method and limitations

FactVote uses NAEP Data Service mean scale scores for all public-school students in Hawaii. The series uses the total student group and the main reading and mathematics composite scales for Grade 4 and Grade 8.

NAEP is generally administered every two years; the 2021 administration was postponed, so the timeline moves from 2019 to 2022.
NAEP results are estimates from a sample. Statistical significance, not a visual gap alone, determines whether scores differ.
Each grade and subject has its own scale. Follow one line over time rather than comparing the numeric distance between grades or subjects.

Environment and energy

Clean water, conservation, climate, and energy production.

Environment

38.00¢/kWh

Average retail electricity price

2024

Average retail electricity revenue per kilowatthour across customer sectors in the EIA state profile.

View breakdowns and source

Electric system

Primary generation source: Petroleum
In-state net generation: 9.2 million MWh
Carbon dioxide emissions: 5.938 million metric tons

How it was measured

U.S. Energy Information Administration Forms EIA-860, EIA-861, and EIA-923.

Keep in mind

The statewide average is not every customer's bill or current utility rate.
Hawaii's island grids are not interconnected, so statewide averages can obscure substantial island-level differences.

Environment

$4.97/gal

West Coast excluding California regular gasoline price

Week of September 7, 2026

Estimated average retail price of regular-grade gasoline across all formulations in EIA's West Coast excluding California region, including taxes. The region contains Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington.

Hawaii$4.975/gal

United States$4.157/gal

The West Coast excluding California average was $0.818 per gallon higher, or about 19.7% above the U.S. average.

View breakdowns and source

Hawaii and U.S. context

Regular gasoline price

Hawaii: $4.975/gal
United States: $4.157/gal

The West Coast excluding California average was $0.818 per gallon higher, or about 19.7% above the U.S. average.

Both figures are EIA weekly retail estimates for regular gasoline, including taxes, for the week of September 7, 2026. The Hawaii-side figure is the West Coast excluding California regional average, not a Hawaii statewide estimate.U.S. Energy Information Administration: U.S. Regular All Formulations Retail Gasoline Prices

Recent EIA observations

Prior week: $4.823/gal
Weekly change: +15.2¢
One year earlier: $3.946/gal
Change from one year earlier: +102.9¢

How it was measured

FactVote uses EIA’s West Coast excluding California series, the smallest current EIA retail region that includes Hawaii. Changes are calculated from the published August 31, 2026 (prior week), and September 8, 2025 (52 weeks earlier), observations.

Keep in mind

EIA does not publish a current Hawaii statewide weekly gasoline-price series. This West Coast excluding California regional estimate should not be read as Hawaii’s statewide average.
The regional average combines Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington, and does not represent the price at every station or in every Hawaii community.
Prices are nominal and not adjusted for inflation or seasonal patterns. Weekly estimates can be revised and can differ from monthly averages.
Price changes alone do not establish the effect of any bill, official, or government action.

Related state trends

Environment over time

Hawaii electricity generation, residential power prices, and gasoline prices show how the state's energy costs and supply have changed.

Energy

Electricity mix and residential price

42.86¢/kWhresidential average

In-state utility-scale electricity generation by energy source is paired with the annual average residential electricity price on a separate scale.

Natural gas0.0%
Coal0.0%
Nuclear0.0%
Solar7.7%
Hydroelectric1.1%
Wind7.2%
Other84.0%

Residential price: 42.86¢/kWh
Total generation: 9.2 TWh
Largest source: Other · 84.0%

U.S. comparison & state rank2024

Residential electricity price

Hawaii: 42.86¢/kWh
U.S. benchmark: 16.48¢/kWh
State rank #1 has the highest electricity price — worse: #1 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.U.S. Energy Information Administration: National residential electricity price

View chart data

Year	Total generation	Coal	Solar	Hydroelectric	Wind	Other	Residential price
2015	10.120 TWh	1.337 TWh	0.054 TWh	0.121 TWh	0.613 TWh	7.994 TWh	29.60¢/kWh
2016	9.949 TWh	1.497 TWh	0.089 TWh	0.091 TWh	0.639 TWh	7.633 TWh	27.47¢/kWh
2017	9.813 TWh	1.376 TWh	0.175 TWh	0.066 TWh	0.532 TWh	7.664 TWh	29.50¢/kWh
2018	9.797 TWh	1.311 TWh	0.185 TWh	0.097 TWh	0.602 TWh	7.603 TWh	32.47¢/kWh
2019	9.750 TWh	1.302 TWh	0.268 TWh	0.095 TWh	0.529 TWh	7.556 TWh	32.06¢/kWh
2020	9.079 TWh	1.165 TWh	0.484 TWh	0.099 TWh	0.592 TWh	6.739 TWh	30.28¢/kWh
2021	9.182 TWh	1.085 TWh	0.507 TWh	0.115 TWh	0.658 TWh	6.818 TWh	33.49¢/kWh
2022	9.337 TWh	0.648 TWh	0.555 TWh	0.110 TWh	0.625 TWh	7.399 TWh	43.03¢/kWh
2023	9.194 TWh	0.000 TWh	0.653 TWh	0.093 TWh	0.634 TWh	7.814 TWh	42.39¢/kWh
2024	9.161 TWh	0.000 TWh	0.705 TWh	0.100 TWh	0.663 TWh	7.692 TWh	42.86¢/kWh

Method and limitations

FactVote uses EIA's annual utility-scale net generation series and groups sources into seven categories. The residential price is EIA's annual average revenue per kilowatthour and includes generation, transmission, distribution, taxes, and fees reflected in electric bills.

Generation is electricity produced inside Hawaii, not electricity consumed there; interstate imports and exports are not represented.
The consistent utility-scale series excludes estimated generation from small-scale solar systems under 1 megawatt. Hydroelectric combines conventional and pumped-storage net generation. Hawaii's 'other' category is the residual of remaining reported sources; it is dominated by petroleum generation and also includes geothermal and biomass.
The residential price is a statewide nominal average and can mask large differences among utilities, plans, and household usage.

Fuel cost

Monthly regular gasoline price

$4.505/galmonthly average

Monthly regular-grade gasoline prices in EIA’s West Coast excluding California region show the market trend surrounding Hawaii. The regional average includes Hawaii.

Regular gasoline · monthly average

Price: $4.505/gal
From prior month: −31.1¢
From one year earlier: +73.6¢

U.S. comparison & state rank2026-07

Regular gasoline

Hawaii: $4.505/gal
U.S. benchmark: $3.932/gal
State rank #1 has the highest gasoline price — worse: #3* of 49

* EIA does not publish a current Hawaii statewide monthly gasoline-price series; this chart uses a six-state regional average, not a statewide measurement.

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.Gasoline ranks cover states with a published FactVote monthly series. An asterisk marks an EIA regional or metro proxy rather than a statewide measurement.U.S. Energy Information Administration: U.S. regular gasoline prices

View chart data

Month	Regular gasoline price
January 2020	$2.924/gal
February 2020	$2.891/gal
March 2020	$2.739/gal
April 2020	$2.335/gal
May 2020	$2.238/gal
June 2020	$2.415/gal
July 2020	$2.541/gal
August 2020	$2.564/gal
September 2020	$2.554/gal
October 2020	$2.500/gal
November 2020	$2.464/gal
December 2020	$2.452/gal
January 2021	$2.529/gal
February 2021	$2.684/gal
March 2021	$3.073/gal
April 2021	$3.174/gal
May 2021	$3.307/gal
June 2021	$3.396/gal
July 2021	$3.526/gal
August 2021	$3.597/gal
September 2021	$3.594/gal
October 2021	$3.639/gal
November 2021	$3.754/gal
December 2021	$3.748/gal
January 2022	$3.761/gal
February 2022	$3.840/gal
March 2022	$4.595/gal
April 2022	$4.623/gal
May 2022	$4.878/gal
June 2022	$5.392/gal
July 2022	$5.128/gal
August 2022	$4.610/gal
September 2022	$4.474/gal
October 2022	$4.948/gal
November 2022	$4.519/gal
December 2022	$3.863/gal
January 2023	$3.685/gal
February 2023	$3.805/gal
March 2023	$4.035/gal
April 2023	$4.261/gal
May 2023	$4.414/gal
June 2023	$4.431/gal
July 2023	$4.375/gal
August 2023	$4.552/gal
September 2023	$4.702/gal
October 2023	$4.572/gal
November 2023	$4.087/gal
December 2023	$3.774/gal
January 2024	$3.608/gal
February 2024	$3.608/gal
March 2024	$3.928/gal
April 2024	$4.333/gal
May 2024	$4.283/gal
June 2024	$4.019/gal
July 2024	$3.861/gal
August 2024	$3.774/gal
September 2024	$3.712/gal
October 2024	$3.627/gal
November 2024	$3.552/gal
December 2024	$3.456/gal
January 2025	$3.460/gal
February 2025	$3.665/gal
March 2025	$3.688/gal
April 2025	$3.811/gal
May 2025	$3.796/gal
June 2025	$3.825/gal
July 2025	$3.769/gal
August 2025	$3.791/gal
September 2025	$3.992/gal
October 2025	$3.909/gal
November 2025	$3.756/gal
December 2025	$3.517/gal
January 2026	$3.308/gal
February 2026	$3.561/gal
March 2026	$4.440/gal
April 2026	$4.951/gal
May 2026	$5.168/gal
June 2026	$4.816/gal
July 2026	$4.505/gal
August 2026	$4.727/gal

Method and limitations

FactVote uses EIA’s monthly West Coast (PADD 5) Except California Regular All Formulations Retail Gasoline Prices series. Monthly averages are simple averages of the published weekly estimates; prices include taxes.

This regional series covers Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington; it is not a Hawaii statewide average.
The regional average masks differences among states, communities, and individual stations.
Prices are nominal and not adjusted for inflation or seasonal patterns. The monthly series ends in August 2026 and can differ from the weekly fact.
Price changes alone do not establish the effect of any bill, official, or government action.

Gun policy and public safety

Firearm rights, gun-safety rules, and violence prevention.

Gun policy

Firearm deaths

2024 final data

Deaths in which firearm injury was the underlying cause, with the rate age-adjusted per 100,000 residents.

View breakdowns and source

Population-adjusted measure

Age-adjusted firearm death rate: 3.7 per 100,000

How it was measured

CDC National Vital Statistics System death-certificate data.

Keep in mind

The total combines firearm deaths across intents, including suicide, homicide, legal intervention, and unintentional or undetermined injury.
It does not measure nonfatal injuries, firearm ownership, defensive uses, or policy effects; small counts can produce unstable rates.

Social Security, Medicare, and retirement

Retirement benefits, Medicare, and the long-term financing of these programs.

Immigration and border policy

Border enforcement, legal immigration, and pathways to citizenship.

Immigration

17.9%

Residents who are foreign-born

2020–2024 estimate

Share of Hawaii residents who were not U.S. citizens at birth, including naturalized citizens, lawful noncitizens, and people without lawful status.

View breakdowns and source

How it was measured

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate.

Keep in mind

Foreign-born is not a measure of unauthorized immigration.
The Census does not assign legal status in this measure.

Related state trends

Immigration over time

Population change is separated into natural change, domestic migration, and international migration.

People

Population growth and migration

1.4Mresidents

July 1 population estimates alongside the annual changes attributable to births minus deaths, domestic migration, and international migration.

Population
Births minus deaths
Domestic migration
International migration

Births minus deaths: +2K
Domestic migration: −8.9K
International migration: +4.8K

U.S. comparison & state rank2025

Population

Hawaii: 1,432,820
U.S. total: 341,784,857
State rank #1 is most populous — not a performance ranking: #40 of 50

Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.U.S. Census Bureau: Vintage 2025 national population estimates

View chart data

Year	Population	Natural change	Domestic migration	International migration	Residual
2020	1,451,130	—	—	—	—
2021	1,446,909	3,286	-9,849	2,052	290
2022	1,437,812	2,236	-15,999	4,598	68
2023	1,434,950	2,266	-11,327	6,350	-151
2024	1,434,952	2,033	-8,486	6,588	-133
2025	1,432,820	2,024	-8,876	4,768	-48

Method and limitations

FactVote uses the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025 consistent state series. Population is the July 1 estimate. Change components describe the preceding annual estimates period, and the Census residual adjustment reconciles the components to the published population change.

Vintage estimates are revised as the Census Bureau incorporates newer records and methods.
Domestic and international migration are modeled demographic estimates, not direct counts of every move.
The small residual adjustment is included in the data table but not drawn as a separate bar.

Voting, democracy, and government accountability

Voting access, election administration, ethics, transparency, and corruption.

Democracy and accountability

60.7%

Registered-voter turnout

November 5, 2024 general election

Share of registered Hawaii voters recorded as participating in the November 2024 general election.

View breakdowns and source

General vs. latest primary turnout

General election turnout: 60.7%
Primary election turnoutAugust 8, 2026 primary election: 33.2%

Hawaii's final statewide summary reports 281,214 primary voters among 846,543 registered voters and publishes the turnout rate rounded to one decimal place.

This is registered-voter turnout, not participation among every voting-eligible resident.
Primary and general elections present different contests and participation incentives.

Hawaii Office of Elections: 2026 Primary Election Statewide Summary — Final Review by January 31, 2027

How it was measured

Hawaii's Office of Elections reports 522,236 voters among 860,868 registered voters and publishes the turnout rate rounded to one decimal place.

Keep in mind

This is registered-voter turnout, not participation among every voting-eligible resident.
Turnout does not by itself measure election access, administration quality, confidence, or the effect of a specific rule.

Abortion and reproductive rights

Access to abortion and reproductive healthcare.

Reproductive rights

1,970

Abortions reported by area of occurrence

2022

Legal induced abortions reported as occurring in Hawaii during 2022, regardless of the patient's state of residence.

View breakdowns and source

CDC occurrence measures

Rate: 7.5 per 1,000 women ages 15–44
Obtained by out-of-area residents: 45

How it was measured

CDC annual abortion surveillance compiled from aggregate data voluntarily reported by state central health agencies.

Keep in mind

This is an occurrence count, not a count of abortions obtained by Hawaii residents; 45 were reported for out-of-area residents.
CDC surveillance is voluntary and reporting completeness, definitions, and availability vary by reporting area; 2022 is the latest comparable federal table used here.

Facts are shown for context only and do not affect candidate matching or rankings. Dates, definitions, limitations, and primary sources are included with each figure.

State trends

How Hawaii is changing

Nine trend views cover population, work, housing, public safety, education, health coverage, longevity, gasoline prices, and energy. Gasoline uses an explicitly labeled regional average; other charts use Hawaii statewide measures. Each chart now sits directly beneath its related fact section.

Hawaii

FY2027 Executive Branch operating budget

Fiscal year ended June 30, 2025

Taxes and the economy

How it was measured

Unemployment rate

Housing and property costs

How it was measured

Home-price growth

Income growth

Public safety and criminal justice

How it was measured

How it was measured

Population-adjusted measure

How it was measured

Violent-crime rate

Property-crime rate

Healthcare

How it was measured

Uninsured rate

Life expectancy

Education

How it was measured

Grade 4 reading

Grade 4 math

Grade 8 reading

Grade 8 math

Environment and energy

Electric system

How it was measured

Hawaii and U.S. context

Recent EIA observations

How it was measured

Residential electricity price

Regular gasoline

Gun policy and public safety

Population-adjusted measure

How it was measured

Social Security, Medicare, and retirement

Selected beneficiary groups

How it was measured

Immigration and border policy

How it was measured

Population

Voting, democracy, and government accountability

General vs. latest primary turnout

How it was measured

Abortion and reproductive rights

CDC occurrence measures

How it was measured