14 topic facts + fiscal overview + 9 state trends + 542 reviewed government links
Public money
How Colorado funds state services
The final FY2026–27 operating budget, FY2025 audited State tax revenue, current tax rates, and operating appropriations by service area. Each section preserves its own period and accounting scope; appropriations, audited results, and locally imposed taxes are not treated as interchangeable.
Enacted budget plan
$49.7BFY2026–27
Signed May 8, 2026
FY2026–27 final operating budget
July 1, 2026–June 30, 2027
Exact reported total: $49,694,444,712
The Joint Budget Committee staff's final operating appropriations across every department and all four fund columns after the 2026 regular session. The amount is appropriation authority and excludes capital-construction appropriations and other non-operating obligations discussed separately in the report.
The Joint Budget Committee staff's final operating appropriations across every department and all four fund columns after the 2026 regular session. The amount is appropriation authority and excludes capital-construction appropriations and other non-operating obligations discussed separately in the report.
General Fund$17.5B · 35.1%
General Fund operating appropriations, including amounts identified by the State as General Fund Exempt.
Federal funds$15.4B · 31.0%
Federal grants and reimbursements appropriated for State-administered services.
Cash funds$14.0B · 28.1%
Dedicated taxes, fees, premiums, tuition, and other cash-fund revenue restricted or assigned to particular programs.
Reappropriated funds$2.9B · 5.8%
Money first appropriated to one State entity and then reappropriated to another for the final service or activity.
FY2025 ACFR actual
Where State tax revenue comes from
$19.5B$19,522,722,000
Shares of the $19.523 billion in taxes reported as general revenue for Colorado's primary government. The calculation combines unrestricted taxes with taxes restricted for education and transportation; locally retained property and sales taxes are outside this State-level denominator.
Individual income tax$10.0B · 51.2%
Unrestricted individual-income-tax revenue plus the portion constitutionally restricted for education.
Sales and use taxes$4.9B · 25.3%
The State sales-and-use-tax line; sales taxes retained by cities, counties, and special districts are not included.
Corporate and fiduciary income tax$2.6B · 13.4%
Corporate income tax plus corporate and fiduciary income tax restricted for education.
Other taxes and TABOR adjustment$810.4M · 4.2%
The ACFR's $940.0 million Other Taxes line net of the $129.5 million TABOR Excess Revenue reduction.
Transportation taxes$644.7M · 3.3%
Fuel and other State taxes restricted for transportation.
Excise taxes$497.7M · 2.5%
State excise taxes reported separately in the government-wide statement.
FY2026–27 operating budget
FY2026–27 operating appropriations
$49.7B$49,694,444,712
FactVote grouped the final department totals by service area. Each department is assigned once, and the residual category preserves every remaining department so the figures reconcile exactly to $49.694 billion.
Health and human services$24.9B · 50.2%
Health Care Policy and Financing, Human Services, Public Health and Environment, and Early Childhood.
Education$14.4B · 29.0%
The Departments of Education and Higher Education combined.
Public safety and justice$3.5B · 7.0%
Corrections, Judicial, Public Safety, and Law.
Transportation$2.3B · 4.6%
Department of Transportation operating appropriations.
Other State services$4.6B · 9.3%
The exact residual covering agriculture, natural resources, local affairs, labor, revenue, regulatory, executive, legislative, treasury, veterans, and other government functions.
Tax structure
Common statewide rates
Property and district rates can be local. Each card states the applicable scope.
Government-wide activity for Colorado's primary government on the accrual basis. Revenue combines program revenue, general revenue, and permanent-fund additions; transfers between governmental and business-type activities cancel at the primary-government level.
FactVote used the Joint Budget Committee staff's final post-session appropriations report for exact operating fund and department totals. Spending groups combine each published department total once and retain an exact residual. FY2025 tax-source shares and audited activity come from the government-wide ACFR; current tax-rate facts come from the Department of Revenue and Legislative Council Staff.
The $49.694 billion total is operating appropriation authority, not actual spending, and excludes capital-construction appropriations and other non-operating obligations.
Reappropriated funds represent money moving between State entities; they are an official Long Bill fund column and should not be interpreted as a separate external revenue source.
Colorado property taxes are primarily local. Assessment rates, value reductions, property class, and local mill levies all affect the final bill.
The audited tax mix reports State primary-government tax revenue and excludes sales and property taxes retained by local governments.
Last verified August 28, 2026 · Review by August 31, 2027 · Colorado figures refresh annually.
Taxes and the economy
Taxes, government spending, jobs, wages, and small business.
Taxes and economy
$95,470
Median household income
2020–2024 estimate
Median money income received by Colorado households, expressed in 2024 inflation-adjusted dollars.
View breakdowns and source
How it was measured
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate.
Keep in mind
Income is not take-home pay and does not directly measure taxes, wealth, prices, or purchasing power.
A statewide median obscures regional and household differences.
Related state trends
Taxes and economy over time
Employment and unemployment place the latest economic facts in a longer statewide context.
Work
Employment and unemployment
4.1%unemployed
The unemployment rate is paired with employed Colorado residents indexed to 2015, so job recovery and labor-market slack remain readable on separate scales.
Unemployment rate
Employed people
Unemployment rate
4.1%
Employed people
3.1M
Employment since 2015
+15.3%
U.S. comparison & state rank2024
Unemployment rate
Colorado
4.1%
U.S. benchmark
4.0%
State rank #1 has the highest unemployment rate — worse
FactVote uses BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics annual averages for the statewide unemployment rate and civilian employment. The chart converts employment to an index with 2015 equal to 100; the data table retains the published employment level.
LAUS estimates are revised each year through the program's annual processing cycle.
Employment is residence-based civilian employment, not a count of jobs located in the state.
Annual averages smooth within-year changes.
Housing and property costs
Housing supply, affordability, renters, zoning, and property costs.
Housing
$1,761/month
Median gross rent
2020–2024 estimate
Median monthly gross rent for renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent, including contract rent plus estimated average utility and fuel costs paid by the renter.
View breakdowns and source
How it was measured
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate and expressed in 2024 dollars.
Keep in mind
This is a multi-year statewide estimate, not a current asking-rent measure.
The median obscures differences by location, unit size, housing quality, and renter circumstances.
Related state trends
Housing over time
Home values and household income show how Colorado housing costs and purchasing power have changed together.
Housing pressure
Home prices versus income growth
+90.4%home prices
FHFA house prices and BEA personal income per person are indexed to the same starting year. A widening gap signals that home prices are rising faster than this broad income measure.
FHFA home prices
Income per person
Home-price growth
+90.4%
Income growth
+68.0%
Income per person
$86,181
U.S. comparison & state rank2025
Home-price growth
Colorado
+90.4%
U.S. benchmark
+86.6%
State rank #1 has the fastest home-price growth — depends on perspective
#20 of 50
Income growth
Colorado
+68.0%
U.S. benchmark
+55.9%
State rank #1 has the fastest income growth — better
FactVote averages the four quarterly, not-seasonally-adjusted FHFA all-transactions HPI observations for each year. It compares that series with BEA annual per-capita personal income distributed by FRED, then rebases both to 100 in 2016.
This is a pressure indicator, not a home-price-to-income ratio and not a measure of monthly mortgage affordability.
Both series are nominal; neither is adjusted for inflation.
Per-capita personal income includes earnings, property income, and transfers and is not median household income.
Public safety and criminal justice
Policing, crime prevention, sentencing, incarceration, and rehabilitation.
Public safety and justice
486.8 per 100,000
Reported violent-crime rate
2024
Violent offenses reported to law enforcement per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions.
View breakdowns and source
How it was measured
FactVote sums the 12 monthly state offense rates returned by the FBI Crime Data Explorer for each calendar year. The accompanying coverage value is the mean of the 12 monthly population-coverage percentages returned with the same query.
Keep in mind
These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Colorado's average monthly population coverage remained at or above 98.8% throughout this series, but coverage still varies and does not equal complete statewide reporting.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.
Average monthly population coverage in 2024 was 99.2%; this is not complete statewide reporting.
Public safety and justice
2,663.3 per 100,000
Reported property-crime rate
2024
Property offenses reported to law enforcement per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions.
View breakdowns and source
How it was measured
FactVote sums the 12 monthly state offense rates returned by the FBI Crime Data Explorer for each calendar year. The accompanying coverage value is the mean of the 12 monthly population-coverage percentages returned with the same query.
Keep in mind
These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Colorado's average monthly population coverage remained at or above 98.8% throughout this series, but coverage still varies and does not equal complete statewide reporting.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.
Average monthly population coverage in 2024 was 99.2%; this is not complete statewide reporting.
Public safety and justice
305
Homicide deaths
2024 final data
Deaths for which homicide was the underlying cause, with the rate age-adjusted per 100,000 residents.
View breakdowns and source
Population-adjusted measure
Age-adjusted homicide death rate
5.1 per 100,000
How it was measured
CDC National Vital Statistics System death-certificate data.
Keep in mind
Homicide mortality is not the same as offenses reported to police and does not include nonfatal violence.
Counts and rates do not establish causes or the effect of a particular policy.
Related state trends
Public safety and justice over time
Reported violent- and property-crime rates are shown with the coverage cautions needed to compare years responsibly.
Public safety
Reported violent and property crime rates
99.2% coverage
Reported offenses per 100,000 residents in participating jurisdictions. Amber points flag years when average monthly population coverage was below 90%.
Violent crime
Property crime
Partial reporting
Violent crime
486.8 per 100k
Property crime
2663.3 per 100k
Population coverage
99.2%
U.S. comparison & state rank2024
Violent-crime rate
Colorado
486.8 per 100k
U.S. benchmark
359.1 per 100k
State rank #1 has the highest violent-crime rate — worse
#6 of 50
Property-crime rate
Colorado
2663.3 per 100k
U.S. benchmark
1760.1 per 100k
State rank #1 has the highest property-crime rate — worse
#2 of 50
Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.An asterisk marks a state-year with less than 90% average population coverage. The U.S. figures are FBI national estimates; state figures are reported rates.Federal Bureau of Investigation: UCR Summary of Reported Crimes in the Nation, 2024 ↗
View chart data
Year
Violent rate
Property rate
Population coverage
2015
318.8 per 100k
2633.8 per 100k
99.3%
2016
344.5 per 100k
2753.6 per 100k
99.0%
2017
375.5 per 100k
2712.0 per 100k
99.2%
2018
409.7 per 100k
2732.1 per 100k
98.8%
2019
391.5 per 100k
2639.3 per 100k
98.9%
2020
439.5 per 100k
2895.2 per 100k
99.3%
2021
486.5 per 100k
3184.4 per 100k
99.5%
2022
512.2 per 100k
3234.3 per 100k
99.2%
2023
494.6 per 100k
2981.0 per 100k
99.0%
2024
486.8 per 100k
2663.3 per 100k
99.2%
Method and limitations
FactVote sums the 12 monthly state offense rates returned by the FBI Crime Data Explorer for each calendar year. The accompanying coverage value is the mean of the 12 monthly population-coverage percentages returned with the same query.
These are crimes reported to law enforcement, not all crimes that occurred.
Colorado's average monthly population coverage remained at or above 98.8% throughout this series, but coverage still varies and does not equal complete statewide reporting.
Reporting systems, agency participation, and later revisions can change the published series.
Healthcare
Coverage, prescription costs, Medicaid, and access to care.
Healthcare
1,236,302 Medicaid enrollees
Medicaid and Child Health Plan Plus enrollment
January 2026
People enrolled in Health First Colorado, the state's Medicaid program. The same official update separately reports enrollment in Child Health Plan Plus.
View breakdowns and source
Related program enrollment
Child Health Plan Plus
75,103
How it was measured
Colorado Department of Health Care Policy and Financing administrative enrollment reporting.
Keep in mind
Enrollment is not the same as the uninsured population and can change monthly.
Enrollment alone does not measure affordability, access, quality, or prescription-drug prices.
Related state trends
Healthcare over time
Health-insurance coverage and life expectancy provide separate views of access and population health over time.
Health coverage
Residents without health insurance
7.9%uninsured
The share of the civilian noninstitutionalized population without health insurance at the time of the American Community Survey interview.
Uninsured rate
90% confidence margin
Uninsured rate
7.9%
Margin of error
±0.3 points
U.S. comparison & state rank2024
Uninsured rate
Colorado
7.9%
U.S. benchmark
8.2%
State rank #1 has the highest uninsured rate — worse
FactVote uses the Census Bureau's HIC-4_ACS historical table. Rates and 90% confidence margins of error are the published ACS 1-year estimates for the civilian noninstitutionalized population.
The Census Bureau did not release the standard 2020 ACS 1-year estimates because pandemic-era data collection did not meet its quality standards; the chart preserves that gap.
The rate is a survey estimate and the accompanying margin of error should be considered when comparing nearby values.
Coverage is measured at the interview and does not show how long someone was uninsured during the year.
Health outcomes
Life expectancy at birth
78.5 yearsat birth
Period life expectancy at birth based on Colorado's annual complete life tables and final state-specific death data.
Life expectancy at birth
U.S. comparison & state rank2022
Life expectancy
Colorado
78.5 years
U.S. benchmark
77.5 years
State rank #1 has the highest life expectancy — better
FactVote uses CDC National Center for Health Statistics annual complete life-table estimates for the total Colorado population. Values are rounded to the published tenth of a year.
The latest published comparable state series ends in 2022, even though newer national life-expectancy estimates may be available.
Period life expectancy summarizes current mortality rates; it is not a forecast of how long a particular person will live.
The 2020 and 2021 estimates reflect the mortality shock during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Education
Public schools, school choice, teachers, and higher education.
Education
92.9%
Adults with at least a high school diploma
2020–2024 estimate
Share of Colorado residents age 25 and older whose reported attainment is a regular high school diploma or equivalent (including GED or an alternative credential), some college, or an associate’s or higher degree.
View breakdowns and source
How it was measured
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate.
Keep in mind
This is an adult educational-attainment measure, not a current high-school graduation rate or a measure of school quality.
A statewide estimate can obscure differences across communities and demographic groups.
Related state trends
Education over time
Comparable NAEP assessment years show changes in statewide reading and mathematics performance.
Education
NAEP reading and math scores
220.9Grade 4 reading
Grade 4 and Grade 8 public-school mean scale scores from the Nation's Report Card. Reading and math are shown within each grade on their own panel.
Reading · circle
Math · square
Grade 4 reading
220.9
Grade 4 math
239.1
Grade 8 reading
264.5
Grade 8 math
278.1
U.S. comparison & state rank2024
Grade 4 reading
Colorado
220.9
U.S. benchmark
215.0
State rank #1 has the highest score — better
#5 of 50
Grade 4 math
Colorado
239.1
U.S. benchmark
237.5
State rank #1 has the highest score — better
#17 of 50
Grade 8 reading
Colorado
264.5
U.S. benchmark
258.0
State rank #1 has the highest score — better
#3 of 50
Grade 8 math
Colorado
278.1
U.S. benchmark
273.8
State rank #1 has the highest score — better
#14 of 50
Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.State ranks use public-school results. The U.S. benchmark includes the national public- and nonpublic-school sample.U.S. Department of Education, NCES: NAEP national results ↗
View chart data
Assessment year
Grade 4 reading
Grade 4 math
Grade 8 reading
Grade 8 math
2003
223.7
235.2
267.6
283.4
2005
223.7
239.2
264.8
280.8
2007
223.7
240.2
266.4
286.2
2009
225.7
243.1
265.5
287.4
2011
223.4
244.5
270.6
291.7
2013
226.7
247.0
271.0
289.7
2015
224.0
241.6
268.1
285.5
2017
224.7
240.7
270.3
286.2
2019
224.9
241.9
267.3
284.7
2022
222.9
236.2
263.5
275.1
2024
220.9
239.1
264.5
278.1
Method and limitations
FactVote uses NAEP Data Service mean scale scores for all public-school students in Colorado. The series uses the total student group and the main reading and mathematics composite scales for Grade 4 and Grade 8.
NAEP is generally administered every two years; the 2021 administration was postponed, so the timeline moves from 2019 to 2022.
NAEP results are estimates from a sample. Statistical significance, not a visual gap alone, determines whether scores differ.
Each grade and subject has its own scale. Follow one line over time rather than comparing the numeric distance between grades or subjects.
Environment and energy
Clean water, conservation, climate, and energy production.
Environment
30.5%
Natural gas share of in-state electricity generation
2024
Share of Colorado's in-state electricity-industry net generation supplied by natural gas.
View breakdowns and source
EIA generation totals
Natural-gas generation
17,926,802 MWh
Wind generation
17,602,010 MWh (29.9%)
Coal generation
16,477,718 MWh (28.0%)
Total net generation
58,798,395 MWh
How it was measured
FactVote divided 17,926,802 MWh of natural-gas generation by 58,798,395 MWh of total net generation in EIA Table 5 and rounded to one decimal. Wind and coal are shown as exact-source comparisons.
Keep in mind
EIA Table 5 covers electricity-industry net generation and does not include estimated small-scale generation outside that table.
In-state generation is not the same as electricity consumed in Colorado because power crosses state lines.
Environment
$4.13/gal
Regular gasoline price
Week of August 31, 2026
Estimated average Colorado retail price of regular-grade gasoline across all formulations, including taxes.
Colorado$4.132/gal
United States$4.071/gal
Colorado's statewide average was $0.061 per gallon higher, or about 1.5% above the U.S. average.
View breakdowns and source
Colorado and U.S. context
Regular gasoline price
Colorado
$4.132/gal
United States
$4.071/gal
Colorado's statewide average was $0.061 per gallon higher, or about 1.5% above the U.S. average.
U.S. Energy Information Administration weekly retail motor-gasoline survey estimate for Colorado. FactVote displays the published dollars-per-gallon value and calculates changes from August 24, 2026 (prior week), and September 1, 2025 (52 weeks earlier).
Keep in mind
This is a statewide survey estimate, not the price at every station or in every Colorado community.
The series is nominal and not adjusted for inflation or seasonal patterns.
Weekly estimates can be revised and can differ from monthly averages.
Price changes alone do not establish the effect of any bill, official, or government action.
Related state trends
Environment over time
Colorado electricity generation, residential power prices, and gasoline prices show how the state's energy costs and supply have changed.
Energy
Electricity mix and residential price
14.92¢/kWhresidential average
In-state utility-scale electricity generation by energy source is paired with the annual average residential electricity price on a separate scale.
Natural gas30.5%
Coal28.0%
Nuclear0.0%
Solar8.4%
Hydroelectric2.9%
Wind29.9%
Other0.2%
Residential price
14.92¢/kWh
Total generation
58.8 TWh
Largest source
Natural gas · 30.5%
U.S. comparison & state rank2024
Residential electricity price
Colorado
14.92¢/kWh
U.S. benchmark
16.48¢/kWh
State rank #1 has the highest electricity price — worse
FactVote uses EIA's annual utility-scale net generation series and groups sources into seven categories. The residential price is EIA's annual average revenue per kilowatthour and includes generation, transmission, distribution, taxes, and fees reflected in electric bills.
Generation is electricity produced inside Colorado, not electricity consumed there; interstate imports and exports are not represented.
The consistent utility-scale series excludes estimated generation from small-scale solar systems under 1 megawatt. Hydroelectric combines conventional and pumped-storage net generation; the 'other' category is the residual of remaining reported energy sources.
The residential price is a statewide nominal average and can mask large differences among utilities, plans, and household usage.
Fuel cost
Colorado regular gasoline prices
$3.784/galmonthly average
Monthly Colorado retail prices for regular-grade gasoline show how the statewide average changed through short-term price swings without mixing weekly and monthly observations.
Regular gasoline · monthly average
Price
$3.784/gal
From prior month
−8.8¢
From one year earlier
+83.0¢
U.S. comparison & state rank2026-07
Regular gasoline
Colorado
$3.784/gal
U.S. benchmark
$3.932/gal
State rank #1 has the highest gasoline price — worse
#25 of 49
Ranks sort the measured value from highest to lowest. Each State rank explains what #1 means for that fact.Gasoline ranks cover states with a published FactVote monthly series. An asterisk marks an EIA regional or metro proxy rather than a statewide measurement.U.S. Energy Information Administration: U.S. regular gasoline prices ↗
View chart data
Month
Regular gasoline price
January 2020
$2.588/gal
February 2020
$2.446/gal
March 2020
$2.138/gal
April 2020
$1.758/gal
May 2020
$1.731/gal
June 2020
$2.271/gal
July 2020
$2.435/gal
August 2020
$2.364/gal
September 2020
$2.277/gal
October 2020
$2.196/gal
November 2020
$2.112/gal
December 2020
$2.160/gal
January 2021
$2.262/gal
February 2021
$2.398/gal
March 2021
$2.788/gal
April 2021
$2.905/gal
May 2021
$3.026/gal
June 2021
$3.234/gal
July 2021
$3.465/gal
August 2021
$3.592/gal
September 2021
$3.552/gal
October 2021
$3.508/gal
November 2021
$3.466/gal
December 2021
$3.308/gal
January 2022
$3.242/gal
February 2022
$3.288/gal
March 2022
$3.882/gal
April 2022
$3.909/gal
May 2022
$4.063/gal
June 2022
$4.795/gal
July 2022
$4.740/gal
August 2022
$3.950/gal
September 2022
$3.568/gal
October 2022
$3.542/gal
November 2022
$3.290/gal
December 2022
$2.852/gal
January 2023
$3.341/gal
February 2023
$4.005/gal
March 2023
$3.753/gal
April 2023
$3.436/gal
May 2023
$3.322/gal
June 2023
$3.468/gal
July 2023
$3.809/gal
August 2023
$3.930/gal
September 2023
$3.884/gal
October 2023
$3.599/gal
November 2023
$3.052/gal
December 2023
$2.687/gal
January 2024
$2.606/gal
February 2024
$2.799/gal
March 2024
$2.961/gal
April 2024
$3.041/gal
May 2024
$3.222/gal
June 2024
$3.212/gal
July 2024
$3.280/gal
August 2024
$3.314/gal
September 2024
$3.369/gal
October 2024
$3.175/gal
November 2024
$2.921/gal
December 2024
$2.809/gal
January 2025
$2.840/gal
February 2025
$2.953/gal
March 2025
$2.890/gal
April 2025
$3.012/gal
May 2025
$3.025/gal
June 2025
$3.019/gal
July 2025
$2.954/gal
August 2025
$2.976/gal
September 2025
$3.066/gal
October 2025
$2.793/gal
November 2025
$2.636/gal
December 2025
$2.300/gal
January 2026
$2.324/gal
February 2026
$2.614/gal
March 2026
$3.536/gal
April 2026
$3.780/gal
May 2026
$4.441/gal
June 2026
$3.872/gal
July 2026
$3.784/gal
August 2026
$4.174/gal
Method and limitations
FactVote uses EIA's monthly Colorado Regular All Formulations Retail Gasoline Prices series. EIA calculates monthly averages as simple averages of the published weekly retail estimates; prices include taxes.
The statewide average masks differences among Colorado communities and individual stations.
Prices are nominal and not adjusted for inflation or seasonal patterns.
The monthly series ends in August 2026. A monthly average can differ from the weekly Colorado gasoline price fact.
Price changes alone do not establish the effect of any bill, official, or government action.
Gun policy and public safety
Firearm rights, gun-safety rules, and violence prevention.
Gun policy
961
Firearm deaths
2024 final data
Deaths in which firearm injury was the underlying cause, with the rate age-adjusted per 100,000 residents.
View breakdowns and source
Population-adjusted measure
Age-adjusted firearm death rate
15.3 per 100,000
How it was measured
CDC National Vital Statistics System death-certificate data.
Keep in mind
The total combines firearm deaths across intents, including suicide, homicide, legal intervention, and unintentional or undetermined injury.
It does not measure nonfatal injuries, firearm ownership, defensive uses, or policy effects.
Social Security, Medicare, and retirement
Retirement benefits, Medicare, and the long-term financing of these programs.
Retirement security
1,035,297
Social Security beneficiaries
December 2025
People in Colorado receiving Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance benefits in current-payment status.
View breakdowns and source
Beneficiaries by grouped benefit type
Retired workers
831,752
Disabled workers
76,220
Widow(er)s and parents
51,038
Spouses
33,118
Children
43,169
How it was measured
Social Security Administration Master Beneficiary Record administrative data.
Keep in mind
The grouped categories reconcile to the total but combine retirement, survivor, and disability spouses and children.
It does not measure benefit adequacy, private pensions, or retirement savings.
Immigration and border policy
Border enforcement, legal immigration, and pathways to citizenship.
Immigration
9.8%
Residents who are foreign-born
2020–2024 estimate
Share of Colorado residents who were not U.S. citizens at birth, including naturalized citizens, lawful noncitizens, and people without lawful status.
View breakdowns and source
How it was measured
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate.
Keep in mind
Foreign-born is not a measure of unauthorized immigration or current border crossings.
The Census does not assign legal status in this measure.
Related state trends
Immigration over time
Population change is separated into natural change, domestic migration, and international migration.
People
Population growth and migration
6Mresidents
July 1 population estimates alongside the annual changes attributable to births minus deaths, domestic migration, and international migration.
Population
Births minus deaths
Domestic migration
International migration
Births minus deaths
+20.6K
Domestic migration
−12.1K
International migration
+15.4K
U.S. comparison & state rank2025
Population
Colorado
6,012,561
U.S. total
341,784,857
State rank #1 is most populous — not a performance ranking
FactVote uses the Census Bureau's Vintage 2025 consistent state series. Population is the July 1 estimate. Change components describe the preceding annual estimates period, and the Census residual adjustment reconciles the components to the published population change.
Vintage estimates are revised as the Census Bureau incorporates newer records and methods.
Domestic and international migration are modeled demographic estimates, not direct counts of every move.
The small residual adjustment is included in the data table but not drawn as a separate bar.
Voting, democracy, and government accountability
Voting access, election administration, ethics, transparency, and corruption.
Democracy and accountability
70.72%
Registered-voter turnout
November 5, 2024 general election
Ballots cast in the 2024 general election divided by registered voters reported in Colorado's certified biennial election abstract.
FactVote divides 3,241,155 general-election ballots cast by 4,583,280 registered voters and rounds to two decimals. The official abstract reports 988,633 primary ballots cast and 3,796,492 active voters, or 26.04% turnout.
Keep in mind
Registered-voter turnout is not the same as turnout among all voting-age or voting-eligible residents.
Turnout does not by itself measure election access, administration quality, confidence, or the effect of a specific rule.
Abortion and reproductive rights
Access to abortion and reproductive healthcare.
Reproductive rights
14,154
Abortions occurring in Colorado
2022
Legal induced abortions reported as occurring in Colorado, regardless of the patient's state of residence, in CDC's 2022 Abortion Surveillance.
CDC compiles aggregate abortion data voluntarily reported by state health agencies and other reporting areas.
Keep in mind
This is an occurrence count, not a count of abortions obtained by Colorado residents; it includes out-of-state residents and excludes Colorado residents whose abortions occurred elsewhere.
CDC abortion surveillance is voluntary and reporting completeness and definitions can differ across reporting areas; the measure does not establish the effect of a law or candidate position.
Facts are shown for context only and do not affect candidate matching or rankings. Dates, definitions, limitations, and primary sources are included with each figure.
State trends
How Colorado is changing
Nine statewide trend views cover population, work, housing, public safety, education, health coverage, longevity, gasoline prices, and energy without mixing unlike reporting periods. Each chart now sits directly beneath its related fact section.
