West Virginia · individual fact

West Virginia income and taxes

Household income, income per person, purchasing power, and West Virginia’s tax structure.

Median household income$59.61K2020–2024 · #49 of 50 · highest first
Per-capita money income$34.2K2020–2024 · #49 of 50 · highest first
Real personal income per person$50.05K2024 · #49 of 50 · highest first

West Virginia over time

Explore West Virginia readings, major events and reviewed actions on the same date scale. West Virginia officeholders appear in separate lanes. National event evidence describes national context; it does not measure a West Virginia effect.

Major events & context · A curated selection, including uncertain effects. Milestone dates do not establish that an event caused a West Virginia change.

Enacted / issuedDid not proceedPending / in progressStatus unclear

Colors show the latest recorded status. Passing one chamber is not enactment. A number groups actions with the same date, body and status.

Real personal income per person West Virginia · source units
West VirginiaPublished U.S. benchmark

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Real personal income per person2024: $50,051$39.45K$50.47K$61.5KWest Virginia, 2014: $41,580West Virginia, 2015: $42,140West Virginia, 2016: $42,095West Virginia, 2017: $43,761West Virginia, 2018: $45,029West Virginia, 2019: $46,597West Virginia, 2020: $49,252West Virginia, 2021: $49,425West Virginia, 2022: $48,517West Virginia, 2023: $49,071West Virginia, 2024: $50,051201420192024
✦ Major events & context · 81National context · Katrina emergency tax relief enacted · 2005-09-23Katrina tax reliefNational context · Investment tax rates extended and AMT relief enacted · 2006-05-172006 tax extensionsNational context · First step of the federal minimum-wage increase · 2007-07-24Wage floor risesNational context · Economic Stimulus Act authorizes tax rebates · 2008-02-132008 rebatesNational context · Financial crisis intensifies during the Great Recession · 2008-09-15Financial crisisNational context · Recovery Act expands tax credits and income support · 2009-02-17Recovery ActNational context · Federal minimum wage reaches $7.25 · 2009-07-24Wage floor: $7.25National context · Affordable Care Act establishes health tax credits · 2010-03-23Affordable Care ActNational context · Tax extensions and a temporary payroll-tax cut enacted · 2010-12-17Payroll-tax reliefWest Virginia · Legislature passes watershed wastewater financing law · 2011-03-12Watershed law passedWest Virginia · Approve watershed wastewater grants and lottery-backed financing · 2011-03-30Watershed law approvedWest Virginia · Watershed wastewater financing law takes effect · 2011-06-10Watershed law effectiveWest Virginia · Legislature passes horizontal-well regulation law · 2011-12-14HB 401 passedWest Virginia · Accept O. C. Spaulding’s resignation and direct limited-term retirement pay · 2011-12-22EO 7-11West Virginia · Approve horizontal-well regulation and surface-owner protections · 2011-12-22HB 401 approvedWest Virginia · Accept Arthur M. Recht’s judicial retirement and certify pension eligibility · 2012-01-31Judicial retirement orderWest Virginia · Legislature passes retiree health-benefit funding law · 2012-02-10SB 469 passedWest Virginia · Approve retiree health-benefit funding and school-board OPEB rules · 2012-02-20SB 469 approvedWest Virginia · SB 676 (2012) passes and takes effect · 2012-03-09SB 676 (2012) passedWest Virginia · Suspend specified flood-recovery housing and building-material taxes · 2012-03-12Disaster tax reliefWest Virginia · Approve a conditional watershed grant and extend prior-financing eligibility · 2012-03-19SB 676 (2012) approvedWest Virginia · Transfer the Office of Economic Opportunity to Commerce · 2012-03-23EO 4-12West Virginia · Expand disaster-recovery tax relief to Logan and Mingo · 2012-04-23Relief scope expandedWest Virginia · Extend the disaster-recovery tax suspension through July 14 · 2012-06-14Relief deadline extendedWest Virginia · Establish the Natural Gas Vehicle Task Force · 2012-06-19Gas vehicle studyWest Virginia · Nonessential state employees excused after the storms · 2012-07-02Storm-related paid excusalNational context · New investment-income and Medicare taxes take effect · 2013-01-01New health taxesNational context · Employee Social Security tax returns to 6.2% · 2013-01-01Payroll relief endsNational context · American Taxpayer Relief Act resolves tax expirations · 2013-01-02Fiscal-cliff tax dealWest Virginia · SB 596 (2013) passes and takes effect · 2013-04-13SB 596 (2013) passedWest Virginia · Approve watershed grant awards tied to certified eligible project costs · 2013-05-02SB 596 (2013) approvedNational context · IRS recognizes lawful same-sex marriages for federal taxes · 2013-08-29Marriage tax rulesWest Virginia · Transfer and continue the state homelessness council · 2013-11-21EO 9-13National context · Marketplace premium tax credits begin · 2014-01-01Health credits beginWest Virginia · HB 106 (2014 first extraordinary session) passes and takes effect · 2014-03-14HB 106 (2014 first extraordinary session) passedWest Virginia · Approve lottery bond backup pledges and debt-service priorities · 2014-03-31HB 106 (2014 first extraordinary session) approvedWest Virginia · Governor approves the 2015A road-bond refunding sale · 2015-04-16Road refunding sale approvedNational context · PATH Act makes key tax-credit expansions permanent · 2015-12-18PATH tax creditsWest Virginia · 2016 SB419 completes legislative action · 2016-02-26SB419 passedWest Virginia · Redirect specified FY2016 revenues to General Revenue · 2016-02-29Budget order 1-16West Virginia · Sign changes to dedicated tax and insurance revenues · 2016-02-29SB419 signedWest Virginia · 2016 SB558 completes legislative action · 2016-03-01SB558 passedWest Virginia · Sign temporary unemployment-fund reserve-borrowing authority · 2016-03-03SB558 signedWest Virginia · Authorize limited reserve borrowing for unemployment benefits · 2016-03-09Budget order 2-16West Virginia · Initial federal disaster assistance authorized · 2016-06-25Initial federal flood assistanceWest Virginia · SNAP food-loss reporting window extended · 2016-07-01SNAP replacement deadline extendedWest Virginia · Disaster food-assistance applications announced · 2016-07-20D-SNAP eligibility announcedWest Virginia · DHHR reports $4.66 million in flood food assistance · 2016-08-09Flood food-assistance payments reportedWest Virginia · Redirect half of specified FY2017 dedicated deposits · 2016-11-04Budget order 8-16West Virginia · Abolish eighteen historical boards and task forces · 2016-11-04Historical bodies abolishedNational context · 2017 tax law changes individual and business taxes · 2017-12-222017 tax lawNational context · SECURE Act changes retirement saving and withdrawals · 2019-12-20SECURE retirement lawNational context · Families First Act authorizes emergency leave and food aid · 2020-03-18Emergency leave aidNational context · CARES Act expands pandemic income support · 2020-03-27CARES reliefNational context · First pandemic employment report shows job losses · 2020-04-03Pandemic job lossesNational context · Second-round rebates and unemployment relief enacted · 2020-12-27More pandemic reliefWest Virginia · Commissioner calls for action on West Virginia’s diabetes plan · 2021-02-02Diabetes plan forewordNational context · American Rescue Plan expands credits and benefits · 2021-03-11American Rescue PlanNational context · Advance child tax credit payments begin · 2021-07-15Monthly child creditNational context · Federal pandemic unemployment programs reach their cutoff · 2021-09-06Pandemic UI endsNational context · Temporary family-credit expansions end for tax year 2022 · 2022-01-01Credit expansions endWest Virginia · HB 4067 (2022) passes and takes effect · 2022-02-10HB 4067 (2022) passedWest Virginia · Approve electronic agency reporting and specified report, study and diabetes-plan repeals · 2022-02-23HB 4067 (2022) approvedWest Virginia · West Virginia passes flood-program transfer and premium-tax law · 2022-03-08Flood-program transfer law passesWest Virginia · West Virginia passes soft-drink tax repeal and medical-school funding law · 2022-03-12Tax and medical-school law passesWest Virginia · Governor Justice approves West Virginia’s flood-program transfer law · 2022-03-28Justice signs flood-program transferWest Virginia · Governor Justice approves West Virginia’s tax repeal and medical-school funding · 2022-03-30Justice signs tax and school fundingWest Virginia · West Virginia’s flood-program and premium-tax law becomes generally effective · 2022-06-06Flood-program law effectiveWest Virginia · West Virginia’s tax and medical-school law reaches its general effective date · 2022-06-10General effective dateWest Virginia · West Virginia’s medical-school funding and tax-dedication changes begin · 2022-07-01Medical-school funding provisionsNational context · Inflation outpaces average hourly pay growth · 2022-07-13Real earnings fallNational context · Inflation Reduction Act changes corporate and energy taxes · 2022-08-16IRA tax changesNational context · Social Security announces an 8.7% cost-of-living increase · 2022-10-13Social Security COLANational context · SECURE 2.0 revises retirement tax rules · 2022-12-29SECURE 2.0National context · SNAP emergency allotments end nationwide · 2023-03-01Emergency food aid endsWest Virginia · West Virginia’s soft-drink excise tax repeal takes effect · 2024-07-01Soft-drink excise repealNational context · Social Security Fairness Act repeals WEP and GPO · 2025-01-05Social Security fairnessNational context · 2025 reconciliation law extends and changes tax provisions · 2025-07-042025 tax lawNational context · Marketplace credit enhancements expire and repayment rules change · 2026-01-01Health credit changesNational context · First filing season under the 2025 tax changes opens · 2026-01-26New deductions filingNational context · New child savings accounts become eligible for funding · 2026-07-04Child savings funding● West Virginia Legislature · 5● U.S. Congress · West Virginia delegation · 0No reviewed actions match these filters.◆ Governor · 26222■ West Virginia agencies · 12005-09-012026-07-31

32 of 32 reviewed West Virginia actions match · 29 date markers shown. 81 major events shown separately.

West Virginia · 2024: $50,051 · Rank #49 of 50, highest first · U.S. benchmark: $59,195

BEA personal income per person adjusted for regional price parities and the national PCE price index. Constant 2017 dollars. A BEA measure, distinct from ACS per-capita money income. Annual observations use December 31; monthly observations use the first of the month. Lines connect consecutive readings and do not supply values between them. Missing observations break the lines.

View observations and export data
West Virginia Real personal income per person · source units
PeriodWest VirginiaRankU.S. benchmark
2024$50,051#49 of 50$59,195
2023$49,071#49 of 50$58,088
2022$48,517#49 of 50$57,104
2021$49,425#50 of 50$59,365
2020$49,252#47 of 50$56,514
2019$46,597#48 of 50$53,683
2018$45,029#48 of 50$52,242
2017$43,761#46 of 50$51,006
2016$42,095#48 of 50$49,828
2015$42,140#46 of 50$49,396
2014$41,580#45 of 50$47,661
How major events are selected

The timeline combines the corresponding national fact’s reviewed event catalog, labeled National context, with individually reviewed state milestones. State events use primary sources and distinguish signing, effective and filing dates. Each milestone keeps its source-check date, geographical limits and evidence limits. This curated selection is not a complete history.

Date ranges affect events and actions. Action type, status and official-name search affect government records only. Events remain separate from action counts. An event after the latest observation extends context without creating a new reading.

West Virginia · state comparison

Household resources

Compare the ACS five-year estimates using the same population and dollar period.

West Virginia · 2020–2024$59,608
West Virginia rank#49among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$80,734Same measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

Median household income

Median before-tax income received by households; half are above and half below.

2024 dollars. ACS sampling error means nearby ranks may not be statistically distinguishable.

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. West Virginia stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. West Virginia has a dark outline.

Lower value · $56.45KHigher value · $103.96KStriped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

West Virginia · $59,6082020–2024 · Rank #49 of 50, highest first90% confidence interval: $58,917 – $60,299Selected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare West Virginia with every state · 50 ranked
Median household income · 2020–2024 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1Massachusetts$103,96090% CI: 103433–104487
#2Maryland$103,67890% CI: 103081–104275
#3New Jersey$103,55690% CI: 103043–104069
#4Hawaii$100,38990% CI: 99268–101510
#5California$99,12290% CI: 98812–99432
#6New Hampshire$99,03190% CI: 97908–100154
#7Washington$98,14190% CI: 97727–98555
#8Connecticut$95,78190% CI: 95049–96513
#9Colorado$95,47090% CI: 94892–96048
#10Utah$95,16690% CI: 94392–95940
#11Virginia$93,17090% CI: 92712–93628
#12Alaska$92,78890% CI: 91556–94020
#13Minnesota$89,06290% CI: 88653–89471
#14Rhode Island$87,79690% CI: 86587–89005
#15New York$85,97490% CI: 85572–86376
#16Delaware$84,95490% CI: 83703–86205
#17Illinois$83,39090% CI: 83028–83752
#18Oregon$83,01190% CI: 82438–83584
#19Vermont$81,20390% CI: 79864–82542
#20Arizona$79,96490% CI: 79557–80371
#21Texas$78,47690% CI: 78213–78739
#22Nevada$78,26090% CI: 77664–78856
#23Pennsylvania$77,97190% CI: 77629–78313
#24Idaho$77,80090% CI: 77057–78543
#25Wisconsin$77,48590% CI: 77030–77940
#26Georgia$77,35390% CI: 76946–77760
#27North Dakota$76,65790% CI: 75494–77820
#28Nebraska$76,47590% CI: 75842–77108
#29Wyoming$76,17690% CI: 75008–77344
#30South Dakota$75,08190% CI: 74193–75969
#31Iowa$75,05990% CI: 74641–75477
#32Maine$74,73390% CI: 73938–75528
#33Florida$74,56890% CI: 74284–74852
#34Kansas$74,27590% CI: 73800–74750
#35Michigan$72,87590% CI: 72582–73168
#36Montana$72,50990% CI: 71748–73270
#37North Carolina$72,38890% CI: 72064–72712
#38Indiana$71,95790% CI: 71605–72309
#39Ohio$71,38990% CI: 71068–71710
#40Missouri$70,70290% CI: 70377–71027
#41Tennessee$69,59590% CI: 69166–70024
#42South Carolina$69,32490% CI: 68754–69894
#43Oklahoma$65,03990% CI: 64600–65478
#44New Mexico$64,05990% CI: 63251–64867
#45Alabama$63,99990% CI: 63600–64398
#46Kentucky$63,72690% CI: 63297–64155
#47Arkansas$60,77390% CI: 60306–61240
#48Louisiana$60,75690% CI: 60348–61164
#49West Virginia · your comparison$59,60890% CI: 58917–60299
#50Mississippi$56,44790% CI: 55908–56986

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

Median household income

$59,6082020–2024 estimate

Median money income received by West Virginia households, expressed in 2024 inflation-adjusted dollars.

This source snapshot keeps its own definition and period. A rank shown elsewhere applies only to that comparison’s measure and period.

Method and limitations

U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate.

  • Income is not take-home pay and does not directly measure taxes, wealth, prices, or purchasing power.
  • A statewide median obscures regional and household differences.
West Virginia · state comparison

Is income keeping up with prices?

Real income adjusts for price levels and inflation. Disposable income subtracts personal current taxes but does not subtract household living expenses.

West Virginia · 2024$50,051
West Virginia rank#49among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$59,195Same measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

Real personal income per person

BEA personal income per person adjusted for regional price parities and the national PCE price index.

Constant 2017 dollars. A BEA measure, distinct from ACS per-capita money income.

Hover to inspect. Click or tap to compare that period with every state. Focus the graph and use arrow keys, Home or End to select a period. Press Escape to return to the latest period.

West Virginia
Real personal income per person history in West Virginia$38.91K$50.47K$62.03K20142024
2024 · West Virginia: $50,051 · Rank #49 of 50, highest first · U.S. benchmark: $59,195 · Selected for state comparison
View history and select a period
West Virginia Real personal income per person history
PeriodWest VirginiaCompare
2014$41,580
2015$42,140
2016$42,095
2017$43,761
2018$45,029
2019$46,597
2020$49,252
2021$49,425
2022$48,517
2023$49,071
2024$50,051

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. West Virginia stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. West Virginia has a dark outline.

Lower value · $48.47KHigher value · $75.5KStriped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

West Virginia · $50,0512024 · Rank #49 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare West Virginia with every state · 50 ranked
Real personal income per person · 2024 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1Wyoming$75,501—
#2Connecticut$74,254—
#3Massachusetts$71,629—
#4South Dakota$69,153—
#5Nebraska$65,297—
#6North Dakota$65,271—
#7Colorado$65,223—
#8New Hampshire$64,632—
#9Washington$64,421—
#10New York$64,153—
#11New Jersey$63,142—
#12California$63,028—
#13Minnesota$62,039—
#14Virginia$61,914—
#15Maryland$61,111—
#16Illinois$60,333—
#17Alaska$60,272—
#18Iowa$60,144—
#19Montana$59,203—
#20Kansas$59,172—
#21Vermont$58,893—
#22Oklahoma$58,692—
#23Pennsylvania$58,620—
#24Tennessee$58,582—
#25Wisconsin$58,273—
#26Texas$58,219—
#27Missouri$57,850—
#28Maine$57,480—
#29Florida$57,131—
#30Louisiana$56,789—
#31Nevada$56,503—
#32North Carolina$56,310—
#33Ohio$56,232—
#34Rhode Island$55,878—
#35Indiana$55,562—
#36Oregon$55,451—
#37Arkansas$55,219—
#38Delaware$55,185—
#39Utah$55,116—
#40Michigan$53,569—
#41Georgia$52,952—
#42Arizona$52,890—
#43Idaho$52,816—
#44South Carolina$52,463—
#45Kentucky$52,290—
#46Hawaii$52,272—
#47Alabama$52,216—
#48New Mexico$51,121—
#49West Virginia · your comparison$50,051—
#50Mississippi$48,465—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

West Virginia · state comparison

How West Virginia raises taxes

West Virginia's 2026 graduated individual-income-tax schedule ranges from 2.11% to 4.58% after the across-the-board 5% cut, retroactive to January 1, 2026. Revenue comparisons rank dollars collected, not statutory tax rates or a particular household’s tax burden.

West Virginia · FY2024$2.27B
West Virginia rank#36among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$479.63BSame measure and period when published

#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.

Personal income-tax collections

Revenue collected under the Census tax classification. Missing item codes in the complete state-level file mean no reported amount.

State governments only, Census level 2; amounts converted from thousands to dollars. Fiscal-year ending dates differ among states. Larger collections reflect population, income, tax bases, and rates; they are not inherently better.

Compare states on the graph

Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. West Virginia stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.

Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. West Virginia has a dark outline.

Lower value · $0Higher value · $123.1BStriped: unavailable

Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.

West Virginia · $2.27BFY2024 · Rank #36 of 50, highest firstSelected state

50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.

Compare West Virginia with every state · 50 ranked
Personal income-tax collections · FY2024 · highest value ranked #1
RankStateValueComparison notes
#1California$123.1B—
#2New York$53.84B—
#3Illinois$22.63B—
#4Massachusetts$22.13B—
#5New Jersey$18.88B—
#6Virginia$17.64B—
#7Pennsylvania$17.08B—
#8North Carolina$16.66B—
#9Georgia$16.02B—
#10Minnesota$13.27B—
#11Michigan$11.56B—
#12Maryland$10.65B—
#13Connecticut$10.03B—
#14Ohio$10.02B—
#15Oregon$9.54B—
#16Wisconsin$9.49B—
#17Indiana$8.1B—
#18Missouri$7.75B—
#19Colorado$7.52B—
#20South Carolina$6.15B—
#21Utah$5.72B—
#22Alabama$5.28B—
#23Kentucky$5.02B—
#24Louisiana$4.88B—
#25Arizona$4.81B—
#26Oklahoma$4.51B—
#27Kansas$4.5B—
#28Iowa$3.76B—
#29Hawaii$3.28B—
#30Idaho$2.89B—
#31Arkansas$2.76B—
#32Delaware$2.53B—
#33Nebraska$2.48B—
#34Maine$2.4B—
#35Mississippi$2.33B—
#36West Virginia · your comparison$2.27B—
#37Montana$2.25B—
#38New Mexico$2.17B—
#39Rhode Island$1.59B—
#40Vermont$1.24B—
#41North Dakota$356.48M—
#42Washington$350.45M—
#43New Hampshire$183.36M—
#44Tennessee$2.12M—
#45Alaska$0—
#45Florida$0—
#45Nevada$0—
#45South Dakota$0—
#45Texas$0—
#45Wyoming$0—

All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.

Property tax

60% assessment × local levies

Property is generally assessed at 60% of fair market value. County, school, municipal, and small State levy components vary by property class and location, so there is no single statewide effective rate.

How federal income taxes work

A marginal rate applies only to taxable income within its band. Moving into a higher bracket does not apply that rate to all your income.

Base standard deduction

$16,100

Tax year 2026 · Single

Marginal versus effective rate

The bracket table applies to ordinary taxable income after deductions, not to gross wages or Census household income.

2026 ordinary taxable-income bands · Single
Marginal rateTaxable income in this band
10%Up to $12,400
12%Over $12,400 through $50,400
22%Over $50,400 through $105,700
24%Over $105,700 through $201,775
32%Over $201,775 through $256,225
35%Over $256,225 through $640,600
37%Over $640,600

Selected filing statuses only. Rates exclude preferential capital-gain rules, credits, alternative minimum tax, payroll taxes and state/local taxes. The base deduction does not include extra amounts for age, blindness or other eligibility. Tax year 2026 returns are generally filed in 2027.

IRS · Tax schedules and deductions ↗

Who pays what share of income taxes?

Compare income groups’ shares of federal individual income tax. These groups divide tax returns by adjusted gross income (AGI), with no overlap.

Tax year 2023 · IRS estimates · Returns excluding dependents. Latest available in this IRS release: 2023. The 2026 tax schedules above describe a different year.

$2.14 trillion total individual income tax153.1 million tax returns
Income groups ranked from lowest to highest AGI · 2023 dollars
Income group Approximate AGI range Share of income Share of income tax Average tax rate
Bottom 50%50.0% of returnsBelow $53,80112.3%3.3%3.7%
50th–75th percentile25.0% of returns$53,801 to under $105,60419.2%10.4%7.7%
75th–90th percentile15.0% of returns$105,604 to under $187,60820.9%15.8%10.6%
90th–95th percentile5.0% of returns$187,608 to under $272,20911.2%11.2%14.2%
95th–99th percentile4.0% of returns$272,209 to under $675,60215.8%20.9%18.7%
Top 1%1.0% of returns$675,602 and above20.6%38.4%26.3%

Blue bars show tax shares; gray bars show income shares. Both use a 0–100% scale. Each share column totals approximately 100% after rounding. The bottom group includes zero and negative AGI.

What is included, and how are the groups calculated?

IRS total income tax includes income tax after specified credits, limited to zero, plus net investment income tax and tax on accumulation distributions of trusts. Refundable portions of credits are excluded. This is tax liability, not withholding, refunds received or all government revenue. Payroll, corporate, estate, excise, and state/local taxes are outside this measure. Paying little federal income tax does not mean paying no taxes.

FactVote subtracts adjacent IRS cumulative totals to form the separate groups. For example, the 95th–99th percentile equals the top 5% minus the top 1%. Average rates are then calculated from each group’s tax and AGI, rather than subtracting the published average rates. Historical groups contain different returns over time. Figures are sample estimates and rounded source amounts can introduce small differences.

IRS Statistics of Income, Table 4.1 · Published March 2026 · Checked 2026-09-14. Download IRS source table ↗ · IRS methods and releases ↗

Who pays corporate income taxes?

Compare federal corporate income tax after credits across company-size groups. IRS groups these returns by annual business receipts, not by household income or profit.

Tax year 2022 · Active corporation returns excluding S corporations, real estate investment trusts (REITs), and regulated investment companies (RICs). Latest available in this IRS table: 2022.

$448.50B corporate income tax after credits in this table1.56 million estimated returns
Corporate tax by annual business receipts · 2022 dollars
Company-size group Share of returns Share of business receipts Income tax after credits Share of corporate income tax
Under $100,00044.6%0.1%$5.93B1.3%
$100,000–under $1 million32.9%0.6%$2.31B0.5%
$1 million–under $10 million17.6%2.9%$8.78B2.0%
$10 million–under $100 million3.9%5.6%$21.87B4.9%
$100 million–under $1 billion0.8%10.9%$40.78B9.1%
$1 billion and above0.2%80.0%$368.84B82.2%

All six groups are separate. Blue bars show tax shares; gray bars show receipts shares, both on a 0–100% scale. Shares sum to approximately 100% after rounding. The smallest group includes zero receipts and receipts not reported.

How this differs from the individual income-tax breakdown

The individual section groups returns by adjusted gross income. This section groups corporate returns by business receipts; neither the income concepts nor the tax totals are interchangeable. No effective tax rate is calculated by dividing corporate tax by sales.

S corporations generally pass income through to owners and are excluded here, as are REITs and RICs. Their exclusion does not mean their owners pay no tax. This section therefore describes the IRS table’s covered corporations rather than every business or every dollar of corporate-tax revenue. It does not estimate how the economic burden is shared among shareholders, workers and customers.

FactVote combines adjacent IRS size bands and sums published amounts; no suppressed values are used. Figures are sample estimates. Returns may use different accounting periods, and company size and nominal dollar values change over time. Small differences from totals reflect source rounding.

IRS Statistics of Income, Publication 16, Table 3.3 · Latest release September 2025 · Checked 2026-09-14. Download 2022 IRS table ↗ · IRS coverage and methods ↗

The broader federal tax burden

Individual income tax is one part of a household’s federal taxes. Compare income, payroll, corporate and excise taxes as a percentage of each group’s income.

Calendar year 2022 · CBO estimates · Latest available in this release: 2022. These household groups use a different income definition from the IRS tax-return groups above.

Average federal tax rates · Percent of income before means-tested transfers and taxes
Income group Individual income Payroll Corporate Excise Combined rate
Lowest fifth−10.1%9.5%0.8%1.3%1.4%
Second fifth−0.9%8.8%0.8%0.8%9.5%
Middle fifth3.1%8.8%0.9%0.6%13.4%
Fourth fifth6.8%9.3%1.0%0.5%17.6%
Highest fifth16.6%6.1%2.9%0.3%25.9%
All households10.6%7.5%2.1%0.4%20.6%

Combined-rate bars share a fixed −30% to +30% scale, centered at zero. Blue = net tax; teal = net payment to households. Negative individual income tax reflects refundable credits. Components may differ from the combined rate by 0.1–0.2 points because CBO rounds each figure separately.

How this comparison is measured

CBO combines tax records and household survey data. Each rate divides the group’s total tax by its total income; it is not a simple average of individual rates. Income includes earnings, investment income and social insurance benefits, including some noncash benefits. The employer share of payroll taxes is attributed to workers. Corporate-tax allocation reflects modeling assumptions, not directly observed household payments.

The four tax types covered 90% of federal revenue in fiscal 2022. Estate and gift taxes, customs duties and other federal sources are outside this comparison, as are state/local taxes. Households with negative income are excluded from the five individual groups but included in “All households.” Do not average the five group rates to calculate the national rate.

CBO · Published 2026-01-21 · Checked 2026-09-14. Report and data ↗ · Methods and tax allocation ↗

Is after-tax income keeping up with prices?

Real disposable income per person tracks average income available for spending or saving after personal taxes, adjusted for inflation. A rise means average purchasing power increased; it does not mean every household is better off.

Real income per person

$52,849

Jul 2026 · Chained 2017 dollars · Annual rate

Change from prior month

+0.3%

Jun 2026 to Jul 2026 · Not an annualized change

Change from a year earlier

+0.2%

Jul 2025 to Jul 2026

Per personchained 2017 dollars

Hover to inspect; click or tap to keep a reading selected. Use the arrow keys to explore, or Escape to clear.

Purchasing power. chained 2017 dollars. Use left and right arrows to explore observations.023,069.446,138.869,208.2Jan 2020Apr 2023Jul 2026

Scroll the chart sideways to see the full timeline.

Jul 2026Per person: 52,849 chained 2017 dollars
View data: Purchasing power
Purchasing power · chained 2017 dollars
PeriodPer person
Jul 202652,849 chained 2017 dollars
Jun 202652,666 chained 2017 dollars
May 202652,517 chained 2017 dollars
Apr 202652,402 chained 2017 dollars
Mar 202652,624 chained 2017 dollars
Feb 202652,694 chained 2017 dollars
Jan 202652,941 chained 2017 dollars
Dec 202552,610 chained 2017 dollars
Nov 202552,667 chained 2017 dollars
Oct 202552,684 chained 2017 dollars
Sep 202552,865 chained 2017 dollars
Aug 202552,829 chained 2017 dollars
Jul 202552,740 chained 2017 dollars
Jun 202552,529 chained 2017 dollars
May 202552,609 chained 2017 dollars
Apr 202553,077 chained 2017 dollars
Mar 202552,794 chained 2017 dollars
Feb 202552,465 chained 2017 dollars
Jan 202552,422 chained 2017 dollars
Dec 202452,376 chained 2017 dollars
Nov 202452,348 chained 2017 dollars
Oct 202452,252 chained 2017 dollars
Sep 202452,159 chained 2017 dollars
Aug 202452,136 chained 2017 dollars
Jul 202452,135 chained 2017 dollars
Jun 202452,192 chained 2017 dollars
May 202452,124 chained 2017 dollars
Apr 202451,946 chained 2017 dollars
Mar 202451,924 chained 2017 dollars
Feb 202451,902 chained 2017 dollars
Jan 202451,878 chained 2017 dollars
Dec 202351,637 chained 2017 dollars
Nov 202351,515 chained 2017 dollars
Oct 202351,302 chained 2017 dollars
Sep 202351,171 chained 2017 dollars
Aug 202351,195 chained 2017 dollars
Jul 202351,166 chained 2017 dollars
Jun 202351,106 chained 2017 dollars
May 202351,085 chained 2017 dollars
Apr 202350,936 chained 2017 dollars
Mar 202350,861 chained 2017 dollars
Feb 202350,594 chained 2017 dollars
Jan 202350,353 chained 2017 dollars
Dec 202249,403 chained 2017 dollars
Nov 202249,210 chained 2017 dollars
Oct 202249,165 chained 2017 dollars
Sep 202249,043 chained 2017 dollars
Aug 202248,912 chained 2017 dollars
Jul 202248,660 chained 2017 dollars
Jun 202248,071 chained 2017 dollars
May 202248,219 chained 2017 dollars
Apr 202248,312 chained 2017 dollars
Mar 202248,344 chained 2017 dollars
Feb 202248,607 chained 2017 dollars
Jan 202248,616 chained 2017 dollars
Dec 202149,845 chained 2017 dollars
Nov 202150,093 chained 2017 dollars
Oct 202150,258 chained 2017 dollars
Sep 202150,266 chained 2017 dollars
Aug 202150,857 chained 2017 dollars
Jul 202150,982 chained 2017 dollars
Jun 202150,671 chained 2017 dollars
May 202150,939 chained 2017 dollars
Apr 202152,450 chained 2017 dollars
Mar 202161,793 chained 2017 dollars
Feb 202150,288 chained 2017 dollars
Jan 202154,791 chained 2017 dollars
Dec 202049,374 chained 2017 dollars
Nov 202049,323 chained 2017 dollars
Oct 202049,907 chained 2017 dollars
Sep 202050,099 chained 2017 dollars
Aug 202049,835 chained 2017 dollars
Jul 202051,838 chained 2017 dollars
Jun 202051,388 chained 2017 dollars
May 202051,575 chained 2017 dollars
Apr 202054,304 chained 2017 dollars
Mar 202047,344 chained 2017 dollars
Feb 202047,961 chained 2017 dollars
Jan 202047,800 chained 2017 dollars

Monthly observations are seasonally adjusted and expressed at an annual rate; $52,849 is not one month’s income. BEA’s measure is broader than cash take-home pay and differs from Census money income and CBO household resources elsewhere on this page. Personal taxes include federal, state and local personal taxes; this is not calculated by subtracting the CBO table from Census income.

BEA via FRED · Updated 2026-08-26 · Checked 2026-09-14. Historical estimates may be revised. Series and data ↗ · Inflation adjustment ↗

Income before and after taxes and benefits

Compare average household resources within each income group: starting income, plus means-tested benefits, minus federal taxes. These are accounting comparisons, not predictions of what incomes would be without those programs.

Calendar year 2022 · Average per household · All amounts in 2022 dollars. Gray = before; blue = after. Both bar columns use the same zero-to-$450,000 scale.

Before + means-tested benefits − federal taxes = after · Rounded CBO estimates
Income group Before + Benefits − Taxes After
Lowest fifth$26,200$19,000$400$44,800
Second fifth$59,100$9,600$5,600$63,100
Middle fifth$94,000$5,600$12,600$87,000
Fourth fifth$143,100$3,000$25,100$121,100
Highest fifth$412,600$1,700$106,700$307,600
All households$143,000$7,900$29,400$121,500

“Before” already includes social insurance, including Social Security and Medicare. “Benefits” adds means-tested programs only, including cash and noncash assistance from federal, state and local governments. The tax column covers federal taxes only. CBO uses PCE inflation adjustment; amounts are rounded to the nearest $100, so the displayed equation can differ by $100–$200. Negative-income households appear in the national total, not the five separate groups.

CBO · Latest year in this release: 2022 · Published 2026-01-21. Report and household income data ↗

Tax credits and measured poverty

A deduction reduces taxable income. A credit reduces tax directly; a refundable credit can also result in a payment when the credit exceeds the tax owed. Census estimates how counting these payments changes the number of people below its Supplemental Poverty Measure threshold.

Original-release estimates: These figures use the thresholds in Census’s September 2025 report. Thresholds were corrected in July 2026; these are not revised credit-effect estimates. Read the revision notice ↗

Refundable tax credits · 2024 · Original September 2025 release
Age group Fewer people below the threshold 90% margin of error
All ages6,768,000±462,000
Under 183,704,000±263,000
Ages 18–642,985,000±224,000
Ages 65+79,000±25,000

Bars start at zero and share a fixed 0–7 million people scale. “All ages” includes the three age groups below it. Refundable credits combine EITC and the refundable Child Tax Credit; the CTC-only estimate overlaps and must not be added to the combined estimate or subtracted to infer an EITC-only effect.

The SPM counts taxes, selected noncash assistance and necessary expenses, with thresholds that vary with housing and location. This differs from the official poverty measure based on pretax money income. The 2023 and 2024 counts also use different population controls, so a difference combines demographic changes and methodological updates. No year-to-year effect is calculated here.

Census CPS ASEC · Table B-7 · Checked 2026-09-14. Source table and uncertainty ↗ · Report and data-vintage notice ↗

Understanding West Virginia income

Median, average and per person

The median describes the middle household. Per-capita income is a population average, including children. BEA personal income also includes sources outside Census money income. These measures answer different questions.

Income, taxes and living costs

Before-tax money income is not take-home pay. Disposable personal income subtracts personal current taxes. Real personal income adjusts for prices. A state income-tax rate does not describe sales taxes, local property taxes, federal taxes or a household’s complete tax burden.

Annual and five-year estimates

The West Virginia ACS comparison pools 2020–2024 and expresses income in 2024 dollars. BEA annual history describes individual calendar years. A difference between the two series is not an income change.

Rankings and uncertainty

#1 means the highest measured value, not the best state. Survey ranks use point estimates; nearby values may not be distinguishable after sampling uncertainty. Larger tax collections can simply reflect a larger population or tax base.

What candidates are saying

Explore statements about income, wages and tax policy from FactVote’s West Virginia candidate profiles. Compare candidates within each recorded race, with each person’s matching statements kept together. These are candidate and campaign statements, not verified outcomes.

13 statements from 4 candidates

2026 West Virginia U.S. House — District 1 — General Election

2 candidates with matching statements · 3 statements

Carol Miller

2 statements

Republican · U.S. House District 1 · WV

Taxes & tax policy

Washington, D.C. – Congresswoman Carol Miller (R-WV) joined CNBC’s Squawk Box to discuss a bipartisan, bicameral Congressional Review Act (CRA) that she and her colleagues introduced to repeal President Biden’s electric vehicle tax credit rule. During the interview, Congresswoman Miller highlighted …

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: More on Economy

Candidate campaign source

Washington, D.C. – Congresswoman Carol Miller (R-WV) joined CNBC’s Squawk Box to discuss a bipartisan, bicameral Congressional Review Act (CRA) that she and her colleagues introduced to repeal President Biden’s electric vehicle tax credit rule. During the interview, Congresswoman Miller highlighted how the credit rule is illegal and that the government should protect American companies.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 17, 2026

Carol Miller campaign source 26 ↗
View 1 more statement from Carol Miller
Taxes & tax policy

Tax Relief and Working-Family Costs

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Current 2026 Policy Activity

Government-published candidate material

Tax Relief and Working-Family Costs

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 17, 2026

Carol Miller — Economy ↗

Vince George

1 statement

Democratic · U.S. House District 1 · WV

Taxes & tax policy

Reducing our military budget by even 1% and reallocating those funds could help address these needs. I support using West Virginians' tax dollars to tangibly improve their lives, not fund forever wars.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Economy, jobs, taxes, and government spending

Candidate campaign source

Reducing our military budget by even 1% and reallocating those funds could help address these needs. I support using West Virginians' tax dollars to tangibly improve their lives, not fund forever wars.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Aug 21, 2026

Vince George — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗

2026 West Virginia U.S. House — District 2 — General Election

1 candidate with matching statements · 7 statements

Ace Parsi

7 statements

Democratic · U.S. House District 2 · WV

Income & wages

For every $1 in wages lost when a factory closes or a mine shuts down, we will advocate to invest $2 back into that community.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Economy, jobs, taxes, and government spending

Candidate campaign source

For every $1 in wages lost when a factory closes or a mine shuts down, we will advocate to invest $2 back into that community.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Aug 21, 2026

Ace Parsi — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
View 6 more statements from Ace Parsi
Taxes & tax policy

Housing: Tax incentives and zoning reform to build more housing so West Virginians can afford to stay in West Virginia

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Infrastructure, housing, and transportation

Candidate campaign source

Housing: Tax incentives and zoning reform to build more housing so West Virginians can afford to stay in West Virginia

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Aug 21, 2026

Ace Parsi — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Income & wages

Raise wages for teachers, nurses, social workers, and public safety professionals — including competitive pay that reflects the irreplaceable value of their work

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Economy, jobs, taxes, and government spending

Candidate campaign source

Raise wages for teachers, nurses, social workers, and public safety professionals — including competitive pay that reflects the irreplaceable value of their work

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Aug 21, 2026

Ace Parsi — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Income & wages

For decades, corporations have systematically dismantled the tools workers have to negotiate fair wages and safe conditions. We will rebuild those tools.

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Economy, jobs, taxes, and government spending

Candidate campaign source

For decades, corporations have systematically dismantled the tools workers have to negotiate fair wages and safe conditions. We will rebuild those tools.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Aug 21, 2026

Ace Parsi — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Income & wages

Expand employment opportunities and enforce fair wage protections

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Economy, jobs, taxes, and government spending

Candidate campaign source

Expand employment opportunities and enforce fair wage protections

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Aug 21, 2026

Ace Parsi — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Taxes & tax policy

Universal Childcare: Grants to qualified facilities, scaled to performance, and tax breaks for parents to fund their childcare choices

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Education, child care, and workforce training

Candidate campaign source

Universal Childcare: Grants to qualified facilities, scaled to performance, and tax breaks for parents to fund their childcare choices

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Aug 21, 2026

Ace Parsi — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗
Income & wages

Raise the minimum wage to a living wage

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Economy, jobs, taxes, and government spending

Candidate campaign source

Raise the minimum wage to a living wage

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Aug 21, 2026

Ace Parsi — candidate-owned primary source 2 ↗

2026 West Virginia U.S. Senate — General Election

1 candidate with matching statements · 3 statements

Democratic · U.S. Senate · WV

Taxes & tax policy

American taxpayers pay enough taxes to receive the best healthcare in the world, but our elected leaders only provide it to themselves. We must invest in Medicare, Medicaid and Tricare to allow all Americans to benefit in real time from the healthcare taxpayers invest in. These systems must prioriti…

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Health care, addiction, and veterans

Candidate campaign source

American taxpayers pay enough taxes to receive the best healthcare in the world, but our elected leaders only provide it to themselves. We must invest in Medicare, Medicaid and Tricare to allow all Americans to benefit in real time from the healthcare taxpayers invest in. These systems must prioritize human health and safety and deliver care based on medical necessity. We will invest in the education and training and support of our medical professionals based on our communities' healthcare needs rather than profit. To eliminate the effect of perverse profit incentives to deny care recommended by treating physicians, the government must divest from obsolete non-provider corporations and their subsidiaries.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Aug 21, 2026

Rachel Fetty Anderson — candidate-owned primary source 3 ↗
View 2 more statements from Rachel Fetty Anderson
Taxes & tax policy

Southern West Virginians are in a decade-long water crisis and our Senators voted to send our coal severance tax funds out of state instead of sending it to Southern WV to fix the water. We will target WV cleanup funds on ready-to-go projects created by our communities. We will hold polluters accoun…

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Energy, environment, and natural resources

Candidate campaign source

Southern West Virginians are in a decade-long water crisis and our Senators voted to send our coal severance tax funds out of state instead of sending it to Southern WV to fix the water. We will target WV cleanup funds on ready-to-go projects created by our communities. We will hold polluters accountable for harm and damages they have created.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Aug 21, 2026

Rachel Fetty Anderson — candidate-owned primary source 3 ↗
Taxes & tax policy

The American tax and resource burden must be fairly and equitably distributed among our economy's beneficiaries and participants: individual, corporate and non-profit whatever the income stream. No one should be able to live like a king on the money they borrow, while their employees struggle to sur…

Read exact statement & source

Source topic or question: Economy, jobs, taxes, and government spending

Candidate campaign source

The American tax and resource burden must be fairly and equitably distributed among our economy's beneficiaries and participants: individual, corporate and non-profit whatever the income stream. No one should be able to live like a king on the money they borrow, while their employees struggle to survive and raise their families on the money they earn. I support the elimination of the "Buy, Borrow, Die" tax loop-hole, the increase of the marginal tax rate of earners of over $500,000.00 per year and other changes to the tax code that permit those who work and worked to sustain their dignity on their savings and earnings when retired, facing hardship or facing inflation that minimizes the value of their resources.

Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Aug 21, 2026

Rachel Fetty Anderson — candidate-owned primary source 3 ↗
How statements are selected

This section matches specific income, wages and tax policy terms in retained, attributed source text from published West Virginia candidate profiles. A profile heading or biography alone does not qualify. The Florida geography is fixed; saved state preferences cannot change these results. A mention can concern a community or group rather than Florida’s statewide measure.

Matching is automatic and does not establish a candidate’s stance, the accuracy of a claim, or an effect on the measured result. Results are grouped by recorded race, then by candidate name. Within each candidate, the matching issue mentions appear first. Only candidates with matching retained statements are shown; this is not a complete race roster. Repeated identical text for the same candidate is shown once. Coverage follows the existing state profiles and is not a complete record of all candidates or everything they have said. Review dates are not statement dates.

West Virginia incumbents

What incumbents are proposing

Explore reviewed bills sponsored by current West Virginia legislators and West Virginia’s congressional delegation, plus retained proposals from West Virginia’s governor and agencies. Each record keeps its latest recorded status and official evidence.

5 matching sponsorships or proposals · 5 West Virginia incumbents. These filters apply only to this section.

Hollis Lewis

West Virginia House of Delegates, District 57 · D–WV

1 proposal
View proposals from Hollis Lewis
West Virginia Legislature · HB 5485

Relating to increasing the state minimum wage.

Feb 13, 2026 · Not enacted

Hollis Lewis · Sponsored / Anitra Hamilton · Co-sponsored / Rick Garcia · Co-sponsored / Evan Hansen · Co-sponsored / Sean Hornbuckle · Co-sponsored

FactVote reviewed summary

HB 5485 proposed an $11 hourly minimum wage after December 31, 2026, retaining the higher-federal-rate provision and separate training-wage rules. The operative text shows the prior $8.75 rate; the bill’s purpose note inconsistently says $8.25. This review follows the operative provision. The proposal did not become law in the 2026 regular session and establishes no increase in household income.

To House Energy and Public Works. The 2026 regular session ended without this bill becoming law. The displayed date is the latest dated legislative action, not the adjournment date.

Why this record is included

Census household money income includes earnings before taxes. A minimum-wage proposal concerns one earnings component, not every household or the observed statewide median. This relationship does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain its earlier value.

Retained West Virginia evidence context: Median household income. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

(5) After December 31, 2015, every employer shall pay to each of his or her employees wages at a rate not less than $8.75 per hour. (6) After December 31, 2026, every employer shall pay to each of his or her employees wages at a rate not less than $11.00 per hour. (7) When the federal minimum hourly wage as prescribed by 29 U.S.C. §206 (a) (1) is equal to or greater than the wage rate prescribed in the applicable provision of this subsection, every employer shall pay to each of his or her employees wages at a rate of not less than the federal minimum hourly wage as prescribed by 29 U.S.C. §206 (a) (1). The minimum wage rates required under this subsection shall be thereafter adjusted in accordance with adjustments made in the federal minimum hourly rate. The adoption of the federal minimum wage provided by this subsection includes only the federal minimum hourly rate prescribed in 29 U.S.C. §206 (a) (1) and does not include other wage rates, or conditions, exclusions, or exceptions to the federal minimum hourly wage rate. In addition, adoption of the federal minimum hourly wage rate does not extend or modify the scope or coverage of the minimum wage rate required under this subsection.
Review official supporting evidence ↗

Jordan Bridges

West Virginia House of Delegates, District 33 · R–WV

1 proposal
View proposals from Jordan Bridges
West Virginia Legislature · HB 4885

To remove the state tax on gasoline at the pumps

Jan 28, 2026 · Not enacted

Jordan Bridges · Sponsored / Carl "Bill" Roop · Co-sponsored / Adam Vance · Co-sponsored

FactVote reviewed summary

HB 4885 proposed repealing §11-14C-5, the motor-fuel excise-tax levy and rate section. It did not become law in the 2026 regular session. The proposal concerns West Virginia’s tax component of pump prices, not repeal of taxes in the other five Lower Atlantic states or a demonstrated regional price reduction.

To House Finance. The 2026 regular session ended without this bill becoming law. The displayed date is the latest dated legislative action, not the adjournment date.

Why this record is included

The fact is the tax-inclusive Lower Atlantic regular-gasoline average for Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia and West Virginia. A West Virginia tax repeal proposal concerns one state and one component of the regional price. It establishes no pump-price effect. This relationship does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain its earlier value.

Retained West Virginia evidence context: Lower Atlantic regular gasoline price. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

A BILL to repeal §11-14C-5 of the Code of West Virginia, 1931, as amended, relating to motor fuel excise tax; and removing taxes on gasoline. Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia: ARTICLE 14C. MOTOR FUEL EXCISE TAX. §11-14C-5. Taxes levied; rate. [Repealed.]
Review official supporting evidence ↗

Mike Pushkin

West Virginia House of Delegates, District 54 · D–WV

1 proposal
View proposals from Mike Pushkin
West Virginia Legislature · HB 4821

Creating the Affordable Medicaid Buy-In Program

Jan 26, 2026 · Not enacted

Mike Pushkin · Sponsored / Sean Hornbuckle · Co-sponsored / Evan Hansen · Co-sponsored / John Williams · Co-sponsored / Kayla Young · Co-sponsored / Anitra Hamilton · Co-sponsored / Hollis Lewis · Co-sponsored / Shawn Fluharty · Co-sponsored

FactVote reviewed summary

HB 4821 proposed a state-administered Medicaid Buy-In Plan by January 1, 2027 for residents ineligible for Medicaid and Medicare, with protections against employer coverage displacement. Residency requires an intent to reside permanently in West Virginia. Subject to eligibility, coverage would be available regardless of immigration status. The proposal directs sliding-scale premium assistance below 200% of the federal poverty level and, at minimum, premium and cost-sharing assistance below that threshold. People ineligible for federal financial assistance could buy coverage at full cost. It directs applications for Basic Health Plan funding and/or a state innovation waiver. The bill did not become law in the 2026 regular session, so these provisions do not establish an available plan or actual enrollment.

To House Health and Human Resources. The 2026 regular session ended without this bill becoming law. The displayed date is the latest dated legislative action, not the adjournment date.

Why this record is included

The fact measures residents under 65 without insurance. A proposed insurance buy-in concerns coverage eligibility and availability, without establishing enrollment or an observed reduction in uninsured residents. This relationship does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain its earlier value.

Retained West Virginia evidence context: People under 65 without health insurance. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

§9-4F-2. Definitions. As used in this article: "Affordable Medicaid Buy-In Plan" or "plan" means a state-administered, health care coverage plan that leverages the Medicaid coverage structure; "Copayment" means a fixed dollar amount that an Affordable Medicaid Buy-in enrollee must pay directly to a health care provider or pharmacy for a service, visit or item; "Deductible" means a fixed dollar amount that a person enrolled in the Affordable Medicaid buy-in plan may be required to pay during a benefit period before the plan begins payment for covered benefits; "Department" means the Department of Human Services; "Health care coverage premium cost" means the premium charged for health care coverage that is available or currently provided to an individual; "Health care provider" means any physical, mental or behavioral health provider, including a hospital, physician, clinic and other health facility; "Managed care organization" means an organization licensed or authorized through an agreement among state entities to manage, coordinate and receive payment for the delivery of specified services to enrolled members; "Medicaid" means the joint federal-state health coverage program pursuant to Title 19 or Title 21 of the federal Social Security Act, as amended, and the rules promulgated pursuant to that act; "Medicare" means coverage under Part A or Part B of Title 18 of the federal Social Security Act, as amended, and the rules promulgated pursuant to that act; "Premium" means the monthly amount that a plan enrollee must pay directly to the managed care organization offering the enrollee’s plan for consideration of the plan’s coverage; and "Resident" means a person establishing intent to permanently reside in West Virginia. §9-4F-3. The plan. (a) By January 1, 2027, the department shall establish an Affordable Medicaid Buy-In Plan and shall offer the plan for purchase by a resident: (1) Who is ineligible for the following: (A) Medicaid; and (B) Medicare; and (2) Whose employer has not disenrolled or denied the resident enrollment in employer-sponsored health coverage on the basis that the resident would otherwise qualify for enrollment in Affordable Medicaid buy-in coverage. (b) The department shall establish benefits under the plan in accordance with federal and state law to ensure that covered benefits include: (1) Ambulatory patient services; (2) Emergency services; (3) Hospitalization; (4) Maternity and newborn care; (5) Mental health and substance use disorder services, including behavioral health treatment; (6) Prescription drugs; (7) Rehabilitative and habilitative services and devices; (8) Laboratory services; (9) Preventive and wellness services, including reproductive health and chronic disease management; and (10) Pediatric services, including oral and vision care. (c) For services and benefits provided under this section, the department may pursue any available federal financial participation. (d) The department shall coordinate the plans enrollment and eligibility to maximize the continuity of coverage between the plan, Medicaid and private health plans. (e) Health care provider reimbursement rates shall be based on the Medicaid fee schedule. Contingent upon available funds, the department may increase reimbursement rates for health care providers, so long as these increases do not jeopardize the sustainability of Medicaid or the plan. (f) The plan shall be established in compliance with nondiscrimination mandates set forth in the Constitution of West Virginia, the West Virginia Human Rights Act, and the federal Civil Rights Act of 1964 and shall be available to residents irrespective of age, race, gender, national origin, immigration status, disability or geographic location. (g) The department shall establish an updated premium sliding scale for individuals under 200 percent of the federal poverty level who purchase the Medicaid Buy-in plan. The sliding scale shall prioritize individuals transitioning from Medicaid coverage. §9-4F-4. Administration. (a) The department shall develop a plan for administering the plan that prioritizes affordability for enrollees and provides opportunities to maximize federal dollars. (b) The department shall: (1) Establish an affordability scale for premiums and other cost-sharing fees, such as copayments and deductibles, based on household income. The department shall offer discounted premiums and cost-sharing fees in accordance with the affordability scale to residents eligible to enroll in the plan: Provided, That the financial assistance is, at a minimum, offered to residents with household incomes below 200 percent of the federal poverty level; (2) Establish fair and reasonable premium rates that should be assessed to plan enrollees, after an actuarial analysis, to ensure maximum access to coverage. Premiums imposed may be set at a level sufficient to offset the costs of health benefits under the plan and related administrative costs; and (c) The department may: (1) Administer the plan through the managed care organizations under contract with the State to provide Medicaid services and benefits; and (2) Set the medical loss ratio for insurers offering the plan consistent with the ratio applicable to Medicaid; (d) The department shall: (1) Establish a standardized benefit and cost sharing design for the plan; and (2) Establish a method for procuring prescription drugs. This authority includes consulting or contracting with other entities or states for combined purchasing power; and (3) Seek viable opportunities to reduce costs of the plan to consumers and the general fund: Provided, That such opportunities are consistent with the provisions of this article, do not reduce eligibility or benefits for Medicaid enrollees and do not jeopardize federal financing for medical assistance. §9-4F-5. Financing. (a) The department shall apply for a Basic Health Plan Option under Section 1331 and/or a State Innovation Waiver under Section 1332 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The department shall maximize all available federal dollars to fund the Affordable Medicaid Buy-In Program Nothing in the waiver application may prohibit individuals and families from purchasing plans on the Marketplace. (b) Individuals who do not qualify for federal financial assistance may purchase the plan at full cost. §9-4F-6. Enrollment. The department and the West Virginia health insurance exchange and the West Virginia Navigator program shall coordinate efforts and cooperate to establish a consumer outreach program to assist residents with enrolling in Medicaid, the Affordable Medicaid Buy-In plan, on the health insurance exchange to minimize gaps in health insurance coverage.
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Patricia Rucker

West Virginia Senate, District 16 · R–WV

1 proposal
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West Virginia Legislature · SB 59

Relating to voter eligibility and residency requirements

Apr 1, 2026 · Enacted · Chapter 130

Patricia Rucker · Sponsored / Chris Rose · Co-sponsored / Darren Thorne · Co-sponsored

FactVote reviewed summary

SB 59 revises voter eligibility and domicile rules and creates a process for residency challenges, effective January 1, 2027. The Secretary of State or county clerk may challenge an applicant’s residency. Certified-mail notice starts a 30-day period from mailing for the applicant to appear in person during clerk-office business hours and present evidence. Undeliverable notice or failure to appear and provide evidence leads to declining the application; a person proving residence elsewhere in the same county may submit a corrected application. The rules recognize nontraditional residences and permit students to establish a home in the college community without intending to remain after graduation. These future rules do not explain the 2024 turnout figure or establish improper voting.

Approved by the governor on 2026-04-01, Chapter 130. Signing, effective dates, implementation and current enforceability are distinct.

Why this record is included

Turnout is ballots cast among registered voters, including inactive registrations, not all voting-age residents. Residency rules concern registration and voting without establishing fraud or an effect on participation. This relationship does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain its earlier value.

Retained West Virginia evidence context: Registered-voter turnout. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

§3-1-3. Persons entitled to vote. (a) Citizens of the state may vote at all elections held within the precincts of the counties and municipalities in which they respectively reside, but a person may not vote in a federal, state, county, municipal, or special election unless the person: (1) Is registered to vote as required by law; (2) Is 18 years of age, except that a person may vote in a primary election if he or she will reach the age of 18 years on or before the date of the next general election held after the primary election; (3) Has not been determined by a final judgment of a circuit court exercising jurisdiction pursuant to §44A-1-2(c) of this code to be totally mentally incompetent; (4) Has not been convicted of treason, a felony, or bribery in an election or, if convicted, has: (A) Had his or her sentence fully discharged, including any term of incarceration, parole, supervision, or period of probation ordered by any court; or (B) Been pardoned or otherwise formally released from the resulting disability to vote; (5) Is a United States citizen; and (6) Is a legal resident of the state, county, or municipality in which he or she offers to vote. (b) For purposes of §3-1-3(a)(3), a person is requalified to vote upon certification in writing by the clerk of the circuit court of an order or other official determination filed with his or her office that the person is no longer totally mentally incompetent: Provided, That a copy of the order or other official determination shall not be provided without further order by a court of competent jurisdiction or written permission signed by the person to whom the order or official determination pertains. (c) For purposes of §3-1-3(a)(4): (1) A person convicted of a disqualifying crime may not vote from the date of adjudication of that crime, notwithstanding any pending sentencing order, post-trial motions, direct appeals, or other post-conviction requests for relief; and (2) A person is not considered to have been convicted of a disqualifying crime where the criminal proceedings are deferred and there is no adjudication of guilt as to the disqualifying crime. (d) For purposes of §3-1-3(a)(6): (1) "Legal resident" means a person who is domiciled in the state, county, or municipality in which he or she offers to vote and includes both physical presence within the state, county, or municipality and an intent to remain in the state, county, or municipality indefinitely. (2) Factors for consideration in determining whether a person is a “legal resident” include, but are not limited to, the following: (A) The physical character of the person's residence; (B) The amount of time spent by the person in the state, county, or municipality; (C) The person’s place of employment; (D) The state issuing the person’s most recent driver’s license or identification card; (E) Registering a vehicle or other property in the state or county; (F) Where the person receives state or federal benefits; (G) The address listed on a person’s government-issued documents; (H) The person’s tax filings; and (I) Other evidence tending to demonstrate or disprove that a person seeks to remain at his or her residence indefinitely. (e) The amendments to this section enacted during the 2026 regular session of the Legislature become effective on January 1, 2027. ARTICLE 2. REGISTRATION OF VOTERS. §3-2-2. Eligibility to register to vote. (a) Any person who possesses the constitutional qualifications for voting may register to vote. To be qualified, a person shall be a citizen of the United States and a legal resident of the State of West Virginia and of the county where he or she is applying to register, shall be at least 18 years of age, except that a person who is at least 17 years of age and who will be 18 years of age by the time of the next ensuing general election may also be permitted to register, and shall not be otherwise legally disqualified: Provided, That a registered voter who has not reached 18 years of age may vote both partisan and nonpartisan ballots in a federal, state, county, municipal, or special primary election if he or she will be 18 years of age by the time of the corresponding general election. (b) Any person who has been convicted of a felony, treason, or bribery in an election, under either state or federal law, is disqualified and may not register or continue to be registered to vote while serving his or her sentence, including any period of incarceration, probation or parole related to the conviction. Any person who has been declared mentally incompetent by a court of competent jurisdiction is disqualified and may not register or continue to be registered to vote for as long as that disability continues. (c) For purposes of this section, "legal resident" means a person who is domiciled in the state, county, or municipality in which he or she offers to vote and includes both physical presence within the state, county, or municipality and an intent to remain in the state, county, or municipality indefinitely. (d) Factors for consideration in determining whether a person is a “legal resident” include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) The physical character of the person's residence; (2) The amount of time spent by the person in the state, county, or municipality; (3) The person’s place of employment; (4) The state issuing the person’s most recent driver’s license or identification card; (5) Registering a vehicle or other property in the state or county; (6) Where the person receives state or federal benefits; (7) The address listed on a person’s government-issued documents; (8) The person’s tax filings; and (9) Other evidence tending to demonstrate or disprove that a person seeks to remain at his or her residence indefinitely. (e) The amendments to this section enacted during the 2026 regular session of the Legislature become effective on January 1, 2027. §3-2-2a. Residence determinations, challenges for registration and voting. (a) The residency of any person offering to register to vote may be challenged by the Secretary of State or county clerk. The person challenging the validity of residency shall be governed by the following rules, so far as they may apply: (1) That place shall be considered the residence of a person in which that person’s habitation is fixed, and to which, whenever that person is absent, that person has the intention of returning. In the case of a challenge: (A) In the event that a person’s usual habitation is divided by a state, county, municipal, precinct, ward, or other election district, then the location of the bedroom or usual sleeping area for that person with respect to the location of the boundary line at issue shall be controlling as the residency of that person. (B) The person challenging the residency must complete a form prescribed by the Secretary of State stating, at a minimum, the name and address of the person offering to register to vote and the reason for the proffered challenge. The challenge shall be filed as a matter of record in the office of the applicable county clerk. (i) Upon receipt of the challenge, that county clerk shall mail a notice by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the person offering to register to vote, providing notice that the voter’s registration application will be declined if the person offering to register to vote does not appear in person during business hours at the clerk’s office within a period of 30 days from the mailing of the notice and present to the clerk evidence of his or her residency. The form of the notice of challenge transmitted by the clerk shall be prescribed by the Secretary of State. (ii) If the notice of challenge is returned as undeliverable at the address of the residence contained on the person’s voter registration application, or, if the person offering to register to vote does not appear and present evidence of residence within the prescribed time, then, the person’s voter registration application shall be declined. Returned mail shall constitute prima facie evidence of the registrant’s ineligibility. (iii) If the person offering to register does appear in a timely manner, and, present evidence of his or her residency, then the clerk shall determine the person’s eligibility to be registered as a voter as in any other case. If the reason for ineligibility is that the person offering the to register does not reside at the address on the voter registration application and the person offering to register to vote presents evidence of his or her residence elsewhere in the same county, then the county clerk shall allow the person to complete and file a new voter registration application with the correct residential address. (iv) The presentation of a determination of a person’s residence and the boundary line at issue by a map, or, by another means available, shall constitute prima facie evidence of the geographic location of the residence of that person. (C) In the event that a person’s residence is not a traditional residence associated with real property, then the location of the usual sleeping area for that person shall be the controlling factor as to the residency of that person. Residence shall be broadly construed to provide all persons with the opportunity to register to vote, including their stating a mailing address different from a residence address. (D) A person shall not be considered to have lost his or her residence if that person leaves home and goes into another state, county, municipality, precinct, ward, or other election district of this State, for temporary purposes only, with the intention of returning. (E) A person shall not be considered to have gained a residence in any county, municipality, precinct, ward, or other election district of this State, into which he or she comes for temporary purposes only, without the intention of making that county, municipality, precinct, ward, or other election district a permanent place of abode. (4) If the person removes to another state or county, municipality, precinct, ward, or other election district within this State, with the intention of making that place a permanent residence, that person shall be considered to have lost residence in the state, county, municipality, precinct, ward, or other election district from which he or she has removed. (5) If a person removes to another state or county, municipality, precinct, ward, or other election district within this State, with the intention of remaining there an indefinite period of time and making it the person’s place of residence, that person shall be considered to have lost residence in the state, county, municipality, precinct, ward, or other election district from which he or she has removed, notwithstanding that person may possess an intention to return at some future time. (6) If a person goes into another state, county, municipality, precinct, ward, or other election district, or into the District of Columbia, and while there exercises the right of a citizen by voting in an election, that person shall be considered to have lost residence in the state, county, municipality, precinct, ward, or other election district from which he or she removed. (7) School teachers shall not be considered to have lost his or her residence if that person leaves home and temporarily goes into another state, county, municipality, precinct, ward or other election district in this State for the purposes of teaching, with the intention of returning. (8) If a person removes to the District of Columbia or other federal territory to engage in government service, that person shall not be considered to have lost residence in this State during the period of such service unless that person votes in the place to which the person removed, and the place at which that person resided at the time of that person's removal shall be considered and held to be the place of residence. (9) If a person removes to a county, municipality, precinct, ward, or other election district to engage in the service of the government of this State, that person shall not be considered to have lost residence in the county, municipality, precinct, ward, or other election district from which that person removed, unless that person votes in the place to which the person removed, and the place at which that person resided at the time of that person's removal shall be considered and held to be the place of residence. (10) The establishment of a secondary residence by an elected official outside the district of the elected official shall not constitute prima facie evidence of a change of residence. (11) For the purpose of voting, a spouse shall be eligible to establish a separate domicile. (12) Students who intend to make a home in the community where the student attends school may make that home his or her residence for voter registration purposes. The student need not intend to stay in the community beyond graduation in order to establish residency there. (b) This section, created by the Legislature during the 2026 regular session, becomes effective on January 1, 2027.
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Roger Hanshaw

West Virginia House of Delegates, District 62 · R–WV

1 proposal
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West Virginia Legislature · HB 4880

Relating to personal income tax social security exemption

Mar 27, 2024 · Enacted · Chapter 258

Roger Hanshaw · Introduced by request / Sean Hornbuckle · Co-sponsored / Bob Fehrenbacher · Co-sponsored / Josh Holstein · Co-sponsored / Adam Burkhammer · Co-sponsored / Rick Hillenbrand · Co-sponsored / Mark Dean · Co-sponsored

FactVote reviewed summary

Introduced at the executive’s request, HB 4880 phases in a state income-tax deduction for federally taxable Social Security benefits above the prior income thresholds: 35% for 2024, 65% for 2025 and 100% for 2026 onward. The thresholds are federal adjusted gross income above $100,000 for married joint filers or $50,000 for single or married separate filers. At or below those thresholds, the full deduction is retained. The OASDI benefit-income connection does not change federal benefit eligibility, payment amounts or the number of beneficiaries, and does not treat SSI as OASDI.

Approved by the governor on 2024-03-27, Chapter 258. Signing, effective dates, implementation and current enforceability are distinct.

Why this record is included

The fact counts OASDI retirement, survivor and disability beneficiaries in current-payment status. The OASDI portion of the state tax deduction concerns recipients’ benefit income, not federal eligibility or benefit amounts. SSI and Medicare are outside this count. This relationship does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain its earlier value.

Retained West Virginia evidence context: Social Security beneficiaries. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

(8) Decreasing modification for social security income. (A) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2022, 100 percent of the social security benefits received pursuant to Title 42 U.S.C., Chapter 7, including, but not limited to, social security benefits paid by the Social Security Administration as Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance Benefits as provided in §42 U.S.C. 401 et. seq. or as Supplemental Security Income for the Aged, Blind, and Disabled as provided in §42 U.S.C. 1381 et. seq., included in federal adjusted gross income for the taxable year shall be allowed as a decreasing modification from federal adjusted gross income when determining West Virginia taxable income subject to the tax imposed by this article, subject to the limitation in §11-21-12(c)(8)(B) of this code. (B) The deduction allowed by §11-21-12(c)(8)(A) of this code are allowable only when the federal adjusted gross income of a married couple filing a joint return does not exceed $100,000, or $50,000 in the case of a single individual or a married individual filing a separate return. (C) For taxable years beginning on and after January 1, 2024, 35 percent of the amount of social security benefits received pursuant to Title 42 U.S.C., Chapter 7, including, but not limited to, social security benefits paid by the Social Security Administration as Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance Benefits as provided in §42 U.S.C. 401 et. seq. or as Supplemental Security Income for the Aged, Blind, and Disabled as provided in §42 U.S.C. 1381 et. seq., included in federal adjusted gross income for the taxable year shall be allowed as a decreasing modification from federal adjusted gross income when determining West Virginia taxable income subject to the tax imposed by this article, subject to the limitation in §11-21-12(c)(8)(F) of this code. (D) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2025, 65 percent of the social security benefits received pursuant to Title 42 U.S.C., Chapter 7, including, but not limited to, social security benefits paid by the Social Security Administration as Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance Benefits as provided in §42 U.S.C. 401 et. seq. or as Supplemental Security Income for the Aged, Blind, and Disabled as provided in §42 U.S.C. 1381 et. seq., included in federal adjusted gross income for the taxable year shall be allowed as a decreasing modification from federal adjusted gross income when determining West Virginia taxable income subject to the tax imposed by this article, subject to the limitation in §11-21-12(c)(8)(F) of this code. (E) For taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2026, 100 percent of the social security benefits received pursuant to Title 42 U.S.C., Chapter 7, including, but not limited to, social security benefits paid by the Social Security Administration as Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance Benefits as provided in §42 U.S.C. 401 et. seq. or as Supplemental Security Income for the Aged, Blind, and Disabled as provided in §42 U.S.C. 1381 et. seq., included in federal adjusted gross income for the taxable year shall be allowed as a decreasing modification from federal adjusted gross income when determining West Virginia taxable income subject to the tax imposed by this article, subject to the limitation in §11-21-12(c)(8)(F) of this code. (F) The deduction allowed by §11-21-12(c)(8)(C), §11-21-12(c)(8)(D), and §11-21-12(c)(8)(E) of this code are allowable only when the federal adjusted gross income of a married couple filing a joint return exceeds $100,000, or $50,000 in the case of a single individual or a married individual filing a separate return.
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What sponsorship and proposal counts tell us

Only current West Virginia officeholders retained in the reviewed collection qualify. Bills require a recorded primary sponsorship; cosponsors and signing officials are excluded from sponsorship counts. An official introducer recorded as acting by request is labeled “Introduced by request”; that procedural role does not establish personal policy endorsement. Governor and agency records qualify when recorded as proposed. A separately verified governor transmittal can also establish an original proposal whose latest status reflects its later outcome. Signing an enacted law alone does not establish a proposal. A record appearing under several facts is counted once per officeholder. A bill with multiple primary sponsors appears under each recorded sponsor.

Enacted bills, adopted resolutions and unsuccessful measures remain visible as proposal history. Passing one chamber is not enactment. These counts do not measure effectiveness or prove that an action changed a West Virginia statistic. Collection reviewed Oct 7, 2026.