Adult credentials, student learning, graduation, and public-school funding.
High school or higher93.2%2020–2024 · #12 of 50 · highest first
Associate degree or higher44.3%2020–2024 · #26 of 50 · highest first
Bachelor’s degree or higher31.9%2020–2024 · #34 of 50 · highest first
South Dakota over time
Explore South Dakota readings, major events and reviewed actions on the same date scale. South Dakota officeholders appear in separate lanes. National event evidence describes national context; it does not measure a South Dakota effect.
Major events & context · A curated selection, including uncertain effects. Milestone dates do not establish that an event caused a South Dakota change.
Enacted / issuedDid not proceedPending / in progressStatus unclear
Colors show the latest recorded status. Passing one chamber is not enactment. A number groups actions with the same date, body and status.
Grade 4 reading South Dakota · source units
South DakotaPublished U.S. benchmark
Move across the chart to inspect the nearest observation. Click or tap to keep a reading selected, or focus the chart and use the arrow keys. Hover over or focus a marker to explore; click or tap to pin. Press Escape to clear.
2 of 2 reviewed South Dakota actions match · 2 date markers shown. 21 major events shown separately.
South Dakota · 2024: 214.1 · Rank #30 of 50, highest first · U.S. benchmark: 215
FactVote uses NAEP Data Service mean scale scores for all public-school students in South Dakota. The series uses the total student group and the main reading and mathematics composite scales for Grade 4 and Grade 8. NAEP is generally administered every two years; the 2021 administration was postponed, so the timeline moves from 2019 to 2022. NAEP results are estimates from a sample. Statistical significance, not a visual gap alone, determines whether scores differ. Each grade and subject has its own scale. Follow one line over time rather than comparing the numeric distance between grades or subjects. Annual observations use December 31; monthly observations use the first of the month. Lines connect consecutive readings and do not supply values between them. Missing observations break the lines.
The timeline combines the corresponding national fact’s reviewed event catalog, labeled National context, with individually reviewed state milestones. State events use primary sources and distinguish signing, effective and filing dates. Each milestone keeps its source-check date, geographical limits and evidence limits. This curated selection is not a complete history.
Date ranges affect events and actions. Action type, status and official-name search affect government records only. Events remain separate from action counts. An event after the latest observation extends context without creating a new reading.
South Dakota · state comparison
Adult educational attainment
Adults age 25 and older. Higher credentials overlap: these measures must not be added together.
South Dakota · 2020–202493.2%
South Dakota rank#12among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark89.6%Same measure and period when published
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
High school or higher
Share of adults age 25+ with the stated credential or a higher credential.
Point-estimate ranks are not tests of statistical significance.
Compare states on the graph
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. South Dakota stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. South Dakota has a dark outline.
Lower value · 84.7%Higher value · 94.9%Striped: unavailable
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
South Dakota · 93.2%2020–2024 · Rank #12 of 50, highest firstSelected state
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.
Compare South Dakota with every state · 50 ranked
High school or higher · 2020–2024 · highest value ranked #1
Rank
State
Value
Comparison notes
#1
Vermont
94.9%
—
#2
Maine
94.8%
—
#3
Montana
94.6%
—
#4
New Hampshire
94.4%
—
#5
Wyoming
94.2%
—
#6
North Dakota
94%
—
#7
Minnesota
93.9%
—
#8
Wisconsin
93.6%
—
#9
Alaska
93.6%
—
#10
Utah
93.4%
—
#11
Iowa
93.3%
—
#12
South Dakota · your comparison
93.2%
—
#13
Hawaii
93.2%
—
#14
Colorado
92.9%
—
#15
Washington
92.3%
—
#16
Nebraska
92.2%
—
#17
Pennsylvania
92.1%
—
#18
Michigan
92.1%
—
#19
Kansas
92%
—
#20
Idaho
91.9%
—
#21
Missouri
91.9%
—
#22
Oregon
91.8%
—
#23
Ohio
91.8%
—
#24
Delaware
91.7%
—
#25
Virginia
91.6%
—
#26
Connecticut
91.5%
—
#27
Massachusetts
91.4%
—
#28
Maryland
91.1%
—
#29
New Jersey
90.7%
—
#30
Illinois
90.5%
—
#31
Indiana
90.4%
—
#32
North Carolina
90.1%
—
#33
South Carolina
90.1%
—
#34
Tennessee
90%
—
#35
Florida
89.9%
—
#36
Rhode Island
89.7%
—
#37
Oklahoma
89.4%
—
#38
Arizona
89.4%
—
#39
West Virginia
89.3%
—
#40
Georgia
89.2%
—
#41
Kentucky
88.9%
—
#42
Arkansas
88.7%
—
#43
Alabama
88.6%
—
#44
New Mexico
88%
—
#45
New York
88%
—
#46
Nevada
87.5%
—
#47
Louisiana
87.3%
—
#48
Mississippi
87.1%
—
#49
Texas
86%
—
#50
California
84.7%
—
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
Share of South Dakota residents age 25 and older whose reported attainment is a regular high school diploma or equivalent (including GED or an alternative credential), some college, or an associate’s or higher degree.
This source snapshot keeps its own definition and period. A rank shown elsewhere applies only to that comparison’s measure and period.
Method and limitations
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate.
This is an adult educational-attainment measure, not a current high-school graduation rate or a measure of school quality.
A statewide estimate can obscure differences across communities and demographic groups.
NAEP state comparisons use public-school students in the same grade and subject. National benchmarks include public and private schools.
South Dakota · 2024214.1
South Dakota rank#30among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark215Same measure and period when published
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
Grade 4 reading
FactVote uses NAEP Data Service mean scale scores for all public-school students in South Dakota. The series uses the total student group and the main reading and mathematics composite scales for Grade 4 and Grade 8.
NAEP is generally administered every two years; the 2021 administration was postponed, so the timeline moves from 2019 to 2022. NAEP results are estimates from a sample. Statistical significance, not a visual gap alone, determines whether scores differ. Each grade and subject has its own scale. Follow one line over time rather than comparing the numeric distance between grades or subjects.
Hover to inspect. Click or tap to compare that period with every state. Focus the graph and use arrow keys, Home or End to select a period. Press Escape to return to the latest period.
South Dakota
2024 · South Dakota: 214.1 · Rank #30 of 50, highest first · U.S. benchmark: 215 · Selected for state comparisonView history and select a period
South Dakota Grade 4 reading history
Period
South Dakota
Compare
2003
222.3
2005
222.4
2007
223.4
2009
222.2
2011
219.8
2013
217.9
2015
220.5
2017
221.8
2019
222
2022
218.1
2024
214.1
Compare states on the graph
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. South Dakota stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. South Dakota has a dark outline.
Lower value · 200.6Higher value · 224.8Striped: unavailable
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
South Dakota · 214.12024 · Rank #30 of 50, highest firstSelected state
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.
Compare South Dakota with every state · 50 ranked
Grade 4 reading · 2024 · highest value ranked #1
Rank
State
Value
Comparison notes
#1
Massachusetts
224.8
—
#2
Wyoming
221.9
—
#3
New Jersey
221.6
—
#4
New Hampshire
221.5
—
#5
Colorado
220.9
—
#6
Indiana
220.1
—
#7
Utah
219.3
—
#8
Connecticut
219.2
—
#9
Mississippi
218.5
—
#10
Florida
218.2
—
#11
Kentucky
218
—
#12
Montana
217.2
—
#13
Rhode Island
216.3
—
#14
Louisiana
216
—
#14
Ohio
216
—
#16
Hawaii
215.8
—
#16
Pennsylvania
215.8
—
#18
Idaho
215.7
—
#18
Washington
215.7
—
#20
Maryland
215.6
—
#21
North Dakota
215.5
—
#22
Wisconsin
215.3
—
#23
Tennessee
215.1
—
#24
South Carolina
214.9
—
#25
Iowa
214.6
—
#25
New York
214.6
—
#27
Georgia
214.4
—
#27
Minnesota
214.4
—
#29
Illinois
214.2
—
#30
South Dakota · your comparison
214.1
—
#30
Virginia
214.1
—
#32
North Carolina
213.4
—
#33
Alabama
213.2
—
#34
Kansas
213.1
—
#34
Nevada
213.1
—
#36
Vermont
212.7
—
#37
Missouri
211.9
—
#37
Texas
211.9
—
#39
California
211.7
—
#39
Nebraska
211.7
—
#41
Arkansas
209.7
—
#42
Maine
209.6
—
#43
Delaware
209.5
—
#44
Michigan
209.1
—
#45
Arizona
208.1
—
#46
Oklahoma
207.3
—
#47
Oregon
207
—
#48
West Virginia
205.9
—
#49
Alaska
201.6
—
#50
New Mexico
200.6
—
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
Compare spending per pupil and the composition of school revenue and current spending.
South Dakota · FY2024$12,828
South Dakota rank#44among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$17,619Same measure and period when published
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
Current spending per pupil
Public elementary-secondary current spending per enrolled pupil.
Current spending excludes capital spending. More spending is not itself a measure of student outcomes.
Compare states on the graph
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. South Dakota stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. South Dakota has a dark outline.
Lower value · $11.06KHigher value · $31.92KStriped: unavailable
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
South Dakota · $12,828FY2024 · Rank #44 of 50, highest firstSelected state
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.
Compare South Dakota with every state · 50 ranked
Current spending per pupil · FY2024 · highest value ranked #1
Rank
State
Value
Comparison notes
#1
New York
$31,918
—
#2
Vermont
$28,818
—
#3
New Jersey
$27,234
—
#4
Connecticut
$26,316
—
#5
Massachusetts
$24,429
—
#6
Hawaii
$23,878
—
#7
New Hampshire
$22,978
—
#8
Delaware
$22,201
—
#9
Rhode Island
$22,110
—
#10
Illinois
$21,776
—
#11
Pennsylvania
$21,091
—
#12
Alaska
$21,004
—
#13
California
$20,791
—
#14
Wyoming
$20,521
—
#15
Maryland
$20,208
—
#16
Maine
$19,962
—
#17
Washington
$18,564
—
#18
Michigan
$18,314
—
#19
Oregon
$18,083
—
#20
New Mexico
$17,664
—
#21
Ohio
$17,257
—
#22
Virginia
$17,104
—
#23
North Dakota
$17,102
—
#24
Minnesota
$17,098
—
#25
Nebraska
$16,147
—
#26
Wisconsin
$15,952
—
#27
Colorado
$15,908
—
#28
Georgia
$15,833
—
#29
West Virginia
$15,640
—
#30
Louisiana
$15,581
—
#31
Kansas
$15,558
—
#32
South Carolina
$15,060
—
#33
Nevada
$14,812
—
#34
Kentucky
$14,596
—
#35
Iowa
$14,369
—
#36
Missouri
$14,241
—
#37
Arkansas
$13,873
—
#38
Montana
$13,656
—
#39
Alabama
$13,627
—
#40
Indiana
$13,622
—
#41
North Carolina
$12,995
—
#42
Texas
$12,895
—
#43
Tennessee
$12,882
—
#44
South Dakota · your comparison
$12,828
—
#45
Florida
$12,693
—
#46
Mississippi
$12,324
—
#47
Oklahoma
$12,162
—
#48
Arizona
$12,003
—
#49
Utah
$11,347
—
#50
Idaho
$11,060
—
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
The federal comparison uses a common adjusted cohort and school year. A newer state graduation snapshot, where retained, uses its own source and period; adult attainment is a separate measure.
South Dakota · 2021–2282%
South Dakota rank#40among 48 states with data
U.S. benchmark87%Same measure and period when published
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
Federal public-school cohort graduation rate
Share of the adjusted ninth-grade public-school cohort graduating in four years. From 2017–18, the federal measure counts regular diplomas and eligible state-defined alternate diplomas for students with the most significant cognitive disabilities; earlier years count regular diplomas only.
Published NCES state comparison through 2021–22. Rounded whole percentages produce tied ranks. Missing or suppressed values are excluded. Any newer state graduation snapshot uses its own period and cannot inherit this rank.
Hover to inspect. Click or tap to compare that period with every state. Focus the graph and use arrow keys, Home or End to select a period. Press Escape to return to the latest period.
South Dakota
2021–22 · South Dakota: 82% · Rank #40 of 48, highest first · U.S. benchmark: 87% · Selected for state comparisonView history and select a period
South Dakota Federal public-school cohort graduation rate history
Period
South Dakota
Compare
2011–12
83%
2012–13
83%
2013–14
83%
2014–15
84%
2015–16
84%
2016–17
84%
2017–18
84%
2018–19
84%
2019–20
84%
2020–21
83%
2021–22
82%
Compare states on the graph
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. South Dakota stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. South Dakota has a dark outline.
Lower value · 77%Higher value · 91%Striped: unavailable
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
South Dakota · 82%2021–22 · Rank #40 of 48, highest firstSelected state
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.
Compare South Dakota with every state · 48 ranked, 2 unavailable
Federal public-school cohort graduation rate · 2021–22 · highest value ranked #1
Rank
State
Value
Comparison notes
#1
West Virginia
91%
—
#2
Iowa
90%
—
#2
Kentucky
90%
—
#2
Massachusetts
90%
—
#2
Missouri
90%
—
#2
Tennessee
90%
—
#2
Texas
90%
—
#2
Wisconsin
90%
—
#9
Connecticut
89%
—
#9
Kansas
89%
—
#9
Mississippi
89%
—
#9
Virginia
89%
—
#13
Alabama
88%
—
#13
Arkansas
88%
—
#13
Delaware
88%
—
#13
Indiana
88%
—
#13
New Hampshire
88%
—
#13
Utah
88%
—
#19
California
87%
—
#19
Florida
87%
—
#19
Illinois
87%
—
#19
Nebraska
87%
—
#19
New York
87%
—
#19
Pennsylvania
87%
—
#25
Hawaii
86%
—
#25
Maine
86%
—
#25
Maryland
86%
—
#25
Montana
86%
—
#25
North Carolina
86%
—
#25
Ohio
86%
—
#31
New Jersey
85%
—
#31
North Dakota
85%
—
#33
Georgia
84%
—
#33
Minnesota
84%
—
#33
South Carolina
84%
—
#33
Washington
84%
—
#37
Louisiana
83%
—
#37
Rhode Island
83%
—
#37
Vermont
83%
—
#40
Colorado
82%
—
#40
Nevada
82%
—
#40
South Dakota · your comparison
82%
—
#40
Wyoming
82%
—
#44
Michigan
81%
—
#44
Oregon
81%
—
#46
Idaho
80%
—
#47
Alaska
78%
—
#48
Arizona
77%
—
—
New Mexico
Not available
No comparable published observation for this period; excluded from rank.
—
Oklahoma
Not available
No comparable published observation for this period; excluded from rank.
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
Published charges describe prices before aid. Costs and outcomes require their own definitions and populations.
South Dakota · 2022–23$9,079
South Dakota rank#31among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$9,750Same measure and period when published
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
Public four-year in-state tuition and fees
Average published annual charges at degree-granting postsecondary institutions in the state.
2022–23 academic year, current dollars. Tuition averages are weighted by undergraduate enrollment; room and board use the NCES reporting universe. Charges exclude aid and do not equal a typical student’s net cost.
Compare states on the graph
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. South Dakota stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. South Dakota has a dark outline.
Lower value · $4.54KHigher value · $17.6KStriped: unavailable
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
South Dakota · $9,0792022–23 · Rank #31 of 50, highest firstSelected state
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.
Compare South Dakota with every state · 50 ranked
Public four-year in-state tuition and fees · 2022–23 · highest value ranked #1
Rank
State
Value
Comparison notes
#1
Vermont
$17,600
—
#2
New Hampshire
$17,019
—
#3
Pennsylvania
$16,217
—
#4
Connecticut
$15,763
—
#5
New Jersey
$15,265
—
#6
Illinois
$14,921
—
#7
Virginia
$14,825
—
#8
Rhode Island
$14,744
—
#9
Michigan
$14,718
—
#10
Massachusetts
$14,345
—
#11
Minnesota
$12,873
—
#12
South Carolina
$12,604
—
#13
Oregon
$12,424
—
#14
Delaware
$11,922
—
#15
Arizona
$11,768
—
#16
Kentucky
$11,299
—
#17
Alabama
$11,081
—
#18
Ohio
$10,922
—
#19
Maine
$10,813
—
#20
Hawaii
$10,484
—
#21
Tennessee
$10,437
—
#22
Iowa
$10,121
—
#23
Maryland
$10,041
—
#24
Missouri
$9,926
—
#25
Indiana
$9,886
—
#26
Louisiana
$9,843
—
#27
Colorado
$9,798
—
#28
North Dakota
$9,728
—
#29
Kansas
$9,274
—
#30
Mississippi
$9,120
—
#31
South Dakota · your comparison
$9,079
—
#32
Wisconsin
$8,974
—
#33
Arkansas
$8,879
—
#34
Nebraska
$8,862
—
#35
West Virginia
$8,715
—
#36
California
$8,637
—
#37
New York
$8,575
—
#38
Oklahoma
$8,519
—
#39
Alaska
$8,291
—
#40
Texas
$8,195
—
#41
Washington
$8,006
—
#42
Idaho
$7,640
—
#43
New Mexico
$7,526
—
#44
North Carolina
$7,327
—
#45
Montana
$7,299
—
#46
Utah
$7,215
—
#47
Georgia
$7,075
—
#48
Nevada
$6,723
—
#49
Wyoming
$5,100
—
#50
Florida
$4,540
—
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
Explore current officeholders and explicitly reviewed historical executive officials, labeled at the time of their actions. Timeline dates, action type, status and search also filter this list. Read any record’s summary, latest recorded status and official evidence below, or open it beside the timeline.
2 of 2 reviewed South Dakota actions · newest first
Mar 27, 2026 · HB 1244 · repeal the special donations fund and make an appropriation to the Department of Education for the provision of a grant to support the Jobs for America's Graduates-South Dakota program. · Enacted · Signed by governorSouth Dakota Legislature · HB 1244
repeal the special donations fund and make an appropriation to the Department of Education for the provision of a grant to support the Jobs for America's Graduates-South Dakota program.
Mar 27, 2026 · Enacted · Signed by governor
Rep. Amber Arlint · Sponsored / Sen. Tim Reed · Sponsored / Rep. Eric Emery · Co-sponsored / Rep. Tim Goodwin · Co-sponsored / Rep. Liz May · Co-sponsored / Rep. Erik Muckey · Co-sponsored / Rep. Brian Mulder · Co-sponsored / Rep. Rebecca Reimer · Co-sponsored / Rep. Matt Roby · Co-sponsored / Rep. Nicole Uhre-Balk · Co-sponsored / Rep. Kevin Van Diepen · Co-sponsored / Rep. Kadyn Wittman · Co-sponsored
FactVote reviewed summary
HB 1244 appropriates $500,000 to the Department of Education for a nonprofit grant supporting Jobs for America’s Graduates programs in school districts and accredited nonpublic schools. It limits use to specified matching or collaborative support, excludes endowment additions, and takes effect June 30, 2026. The department identifies JAG-SD as supporting students toward high school graduation. Appropriation and program purpose do not establish completed grants or diplomas.
Approved by Gov. Larry Rhoden on 2026-03-27. The text specifies June 30, 2026 as its effective date. Signing, effective dates, implementation and current enforceability are distinct.
Why this record is included
The fact measures high-school-or-higher attainment among residents age 25 and older. The grant supports a program serving students toward high school graduation, rather than the already-measured adult population. Funding does not establish completed diplomas or a change in adult attainment. This relationship does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain its earlier value.
Retained South Dakota evidence context: Adults with at least a high school diploma. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
Section 1. There is appropriated $500,000 from the general fund, to the Department of Education, for the purpose of providing a grant to a nonprofit organization located within the state to provide financial support to school districts and accredited nonpublic schools implementing the Jobs for America's Graduates program. Section 2. The grant may be used only to: (1) Match moneys received from private contributions or donations; (2) Match any federal education or career readiness grants received by the Jobs for America's Graduates-South Dakota program; or (3) Support larger, collaborative efforts in which the nonprofit organization is a partner. Any moneys generated or efforts supported under this section must be directed toward the operations of a Jobs for America's Graduates program in a school district or accredited nonpublic school located within this state and may not be added to an endowment fund. Section 3. The secretary of the Department of Education shall approve vouchers and the state auditor shall draw warrants to pay expenditures authorized by this Act. Section 4. Any amounts appropriated in this Act not lawfully expended or obligated shall revert in accordance with the procedures described in chapter 4-8. Section 5. The state treasurer shall transfer any moneys currently held in the special donation fund, created pursuant to § 13-66-3, to the general fund. Section 6. That § 13-66-3 be REPEALED. Section 7. This Act is effective beginning June 30, 2026.
Inspect this action on the timeline ↑Feb 23, 2026 · HB 1251 · create the community-based providers methodology supplement fund, create the target teacher salary supplement fund, and provide for the transfer of certain unobligated cash balances to the fund. · Not enacted · Deferred to 41st daySouth Dakota Legislature · HB 1251
create the community-based providers methodology supplement fund, create the target teacher salary supplement fund, and provide for the transfer of certain unobligated cash balances to the fund.
Feb 23, 2026 · Not enacted · Deferred to 41st day
Rep. Brian Mulder · Sponsored / Rep. Roger DeGroot · Co-sponsored / Rep. Eric Emery · Co-sponsored / Rep. Erik Muckey · Co-sponsored / Sen. Carl Perry · Co-sponsored / Sen. Mykala Voita · Co-sponsored
FactVote reviewed summary
HB 1251 proposed a target teacher salary supplement fund administered by the Department of Education. The fund would support budget requests to increase the statutory target teacher salary, with expenditures through the general appropriation bill. A separate provision proposed routing 30% of remaining unobligated cash to the fund after the reserve requirement. The committee deferred the bill to the 41st legislative day on February 23, 2026; it did not create this fund or guarantee salary increases.
The House Committee on Appropriations deferred the bill to the 41st legislative day on 2026-02-23. The 2026 regular session has ended without enactment of this measure.
Why this record is included
Household money income includes wages before taxes. A proposed fund to increase the target teacher salary concerns teachers’ earnings within household income. A funding-formula target is not a guaranteed paycheck increase; the bill failed and did not establish higher salaries or a higher statewide median. This relationship does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain its earlier value.
Retained South Dakota evidence context: Median household income. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
Section 1. That a NEW SECTION be added to chapter 13-13: There is created in the state treasury the target teacher salary supplement fund. The fund consists of moneys specified for deposit in the fund pursuant to § 4-7-32. The Department of Education shall administer the fund. The purpose of the fund is to enable an increase to the target teacher salary, as set forth in § 13-13-10.1. The department, as part of the annual budget submission, in accordance with § 4-7-7, shall submit a budget request utilizing money from the fund to provide an increase in the target teacher salary, as set forth in § 13-13-10.1. Interest on moneys credited to the fund must remain in the fund. Expenditures from the fund must be budgeted through the general appropriation bill.
Section 4. That § 4-7-32 be AMENDED: 4-7-32. The transfer of all prior year unobligated cash must occur in accordance with this section: (1) On July first of each fiscal year or at the time that the prior fiscal year general fund unobligated cash balance is determined, the commissioner of the Bureau of Finance and Management shall transfer prior year unobligated cash, up to an amount equaling ten percent of the general fund appropriations from the general appropriation act for the prior fiscal year, into the budget reserve fund. The cash balance in the budget reserve fund may not exceed ten percent of the general fund appropriations from the general appropriation act for the prior fiscal year; (2) If any unobligated cash balance remains after the requirements of subdivision (1) are met, the commissioner must: (a) Transfer thirty percent of the remaining balance to the community-based providers methodology supplement fund, created in section 2 of this Act; (b) Transfer thirty percent of the remaining balance to the target teacher salary supplement fund, created in section 1 of this Act; and (c) Transfer forty percent of the remaining balance to the general revenue placement fund, created in § 4-7-45.
Records come from published fact relationships or reviewed topic records with official supporting evidence and verified South Dakota officeholder attribution. Historical executive officials require evidence tied to the action date and are excluded from incumbent proposals. Inclusion follows an explicit topic review, a related state fact, or the action’s title and supporting evidence. Explicit topic reviews take priority; repeated actions use the most recent explicit review for this topic. Duplicate actions attached to several facts appear once. This topic match is not a new finding that an action caused a result, and the reviewed collection is selective. Collection reviewed Sep 16, 2026.
What candidates are saying
Explore statements about schools, learning, college costs and educational attainment from FactVote’s South Dakota candidate profiles. Compare candidates within each recorded race, with each person’s matching statements kept together. These are candidate and campaign statements, not verified outcomes.
22 statements from 4 candidates
2026 South Dakota Governor and Lieutenant Governor — General Election
1 candidate with matching statements · 8 statements
I support Special Education in our schools, but that’s not where that support should end. Accessibility is a lifelong need, and I will work with others in Congress to increase Medicaid funding for those who choose to live in their home with assistance, receive live-in caregiving, or live in assisted…
Read exact statement & source
Source topic or question: Health care
Candidate campaign source
I support Special Education in our schools, but that’s not where that support should end. Accessibility is a lifelong need, and I will work with others in Congress to increase Medicaid funding for those who choose to live in their home with assistance, receive live-in caregiving, or live in assisted living facilities.
Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026
South Dakota’s educators work hard every day to give our children the best possible start in life. They deserve the resources, respect, and support they need to do their jobs well. Our parents deserve schools that are safe, welcoming, and focused on helping every student succeed. Too many schools, u…
Read exact statement & source
Source topic or question: Education
Candidate campaign source
South Dakota’s educators work hard every day to give our children the best possible start in life. They deserve the resources, respect, and support they need to do their jobs well. Our parents deserve schools that are safe, welcoming, and focused on helping every student succeed. Too many schools, unfortunately, are being asked to do more with less. Rural districts face declining enrollment, workforce shortages, aging facilities, and challenges recruiting and retaining teachers.
Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026
Fully fund the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) so schools can provide students with disabilities the education and services they deserve.
Read exact statement & source
Source topic or question: Education
Candidate campaign source
Fully fund the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) so schools can provide students with disabilities the education and services they deserve.
Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026
I believe high-quality early childhood education and pre-K can change the trajectory of a child’s life. When children start school ready to learn, they’re more likely to read proficiently, graduate from high school, and succeed in college, technical education, military service, or the workforce. Inv…
Read exact statement & source
Source topic or question: Education
Candidate campaign source
I believe high-quality early childhood education and pre-K can change the trajectory of a child’s life. When children start school ready to learn, they’re more likely to read proficiently, graduate from high school, and succeed in college, technical education, military service, or the workforce. Investing in our youngest learners is one of the smartest investments we can make for South Dakota’s future.
Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026
I also believe that creating uncertainty for students, families, and educators is the wrong approach. I oppose efforts to close the U.S. Department of Education redistributes its responsibilities across multiple federal agencies. South Dakota schools need a reliable federal partner that helps ensure…
Read exact statement & source
Source topic or question: Education
Candidate campaign source
I also believe that creating uncertainty for students, families, and educators is the wrong approach. I oppose efforts to close the U.S. Department of Education redistributes its responsibilities across multiple federal agencies. South Dakota schools need a reliable federal partner that helps ensure students have access to the resources they need, not more bureaucracy or confusion.
Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026
That is especially true for students with disabilities. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) has helped ensure that children receive the services and supports they need to succeed in school. Fragmenting responsibility for special education across multiple federal departments would …
Read exact statement & source
Source topic or question: Education
Candidate campaign source
That is especially true for students with disabilities. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) has helped ensure that children receive the services and supports they need to succeed in school. Fragmenting responsibility for special education across multiple federal departments would make it harder for families and schools to navigate the system and could weaken accountability. Students with disabilities deserve timely services and individualized support, while every student should have access to career and technical education, advanced coursework, and opportunities that prepare them for good-paying jobs here at home.
Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026
Affordable living is the foundation of a stable and productive society. If day-to-day requirements like housing, healthcare, food, and education are unaffordable, working families struggle and the American dream shrinks. That dream is already fading when 50 percent of Americans believe there is litt…
Read exact statement & source
Source topic or question: Health care
Candidate campaign source
Affordable living is the foundation of a stable and productive society. If day-to-day requirements like housing, healthcare, food, and education are unaffordable, working families struggle and the American dream shrinks. That dream is already fading when 50 percent of Americans believe there is little chance young people will have better lives than their parents and 32 percent of regular people do not have any emergency savings. Affordability means people working full-time can live with dignity. Good policies like fair wages, targeted subsidies, and tax credits make a difference. The goal is to restructure our economic system so it delivers for regular people, too, not just Big Money that has engineered the status quo. Specifics are available here: https://substack.com/p/its-all-about-affordability
Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026
Mike is working with President Trump to lead the effort to eliminate the Department of Education. He believes in local control of education, and while standards are important, a “one size fits all” directive from the federal government does not serve our children well.
Read exact statement & source
Source topic or question: Education
Candidate campaign source
Mike is working with President Trump to lead the effort to eliminate the Department of Education. He believes in local control of education, and while standards are important, a “one size fits all” directive from the federal government does not serve our children well.
Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 16, 2026
This section matches specific schools, learning, college costs and educational attainment terms in retained, attributed source text from published South Dakota candidate profiles. A profile heading or biography alone does not qualify. The Florida geography is fixed; saved state preferences cannot change these results. A mention can concern a community or group rather than Florida’s statewide measure.
Matching is automatic and does not establish a candidate’s stance, the accuracy of a claim, or an effect on the measured result. Results are grouped by recorded race, then by candidate name. Within each candidate, the matching issue mentions appear first. Only candidates with matching retained statements are shown; this is not a complete race roster. Repeated identical text for the same candidate is shown once. Coverage follows the existing state profiles and is not a complete record of all candidates or everything they have said. Review dates are not statement dates.
South Dakota incumbents
What incumbents are proposing
Explore reviewed bills sponsored by current South Dakota legislators and South Dakota’s congressional delegation, plus retained proposals from South Dakota’s governor and agencies. Each record keeps its latest recorded status and official evidence.
3 matching sponsorships or proposals · 3 South Dakota incumbents. These filters apply only to this section.
repeal the special donations fund and make an appropriation to the Department of Education for the provision of a grant to support the Jobs for America's Graduates-South Dakota program.
Mar 27, 2026 · Enacted · Signed by governor
Rep. Amber Arlint · Sponsored / Sen. Tim Reed · Sponsored / Rep. Eric Emery · Co-sponsored / Rep. Tim Goodwin · Co-sponsored / Rep. Liz May · Co-sponsored / Rep. Erik Muckey · Co-sponsored / Rep. Brian Mulder · Co-sponsored / Rep. Rebecca Reimer · Co-sponsored / Rep. Matt Roby · Co-sponsored / Rep. Nicole Uhre-Balk · Co-sponsored / Rep. Kevin Van Diepen · Co-sponsored / Rep. Kadyn Wittman · Co-sponsored
FactVote reviewed summary
HB 1244 appropriates $500,000 to the Department of Education for a nonprofit grant supporting Jobs for America’s Graduates programs in school districts and accredited nonpublic schools. It limits use to specified matching or collaborative support, excludes endowment additions, and takes effect June 30, 2026. The department identifies JAG-SD as supporting students toward high school graduation. Appropriation and program purpose do not establish completed grants or diplomas.
Approved by Gov. Larry Rhoden on 2026-03-27. The text specifies June 30, 2026 as its effective date. Signing, effective dates, implementation and current enforceability are distinct.
Why this record is included
The fact measures high-school-or-higher attainment among residents age 25 and older. The grant supports a program serving students toward high school graduation, rather than the already-measured adult population. Funding does not establish completed diplomas or a change in adult attainment. This relationship does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain its earlier value.
Retained South Dakota evidence context: Adults with at least a high school diploma. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
Section 1. There is appropriated $500,000 from the general fund, to the Department of Education, for the purpose of providing a grant to a nonprofit organization located within the state to provide financial support to school districts and accredited nonpublic schools implementing the Jobs for America's Graduates program. Section 2. The grant may be used only to: (1) Match moneys received from private contributions or donations; (2) Match any federal education or career readiness grants received by the Jobs for America's Graduates-South Dakota program; or (3) Support larger, collaborative efforts in which the nonprofit organization is a partner. Any moneys generated or efforts supported under this section must be directed toward the operations of a Jobs for America's Graduates program in a school district or accredited nonpublic school located within this state and may not be added to an endowment fund. Section 3. The secretary of the Department of Education shall approve vouchers and the state auditor shall draw warrants to pay expenditures authorized by this Act. Section 4. Any amounts appropriated in this Act not lawfully expended or obligated shall revert in accordance with the procedures described in chapter 4-8. Section 5. The state treasurer shall transfer any moneys currently held in the special donation fund, created pursuant to § 13-66-3, to the general fund. Section 6. That § 13-66-3 be REPEALED. Section 7. This Act is effective beginning June 30, 2026.
1 proposalView proposals from Rep. Brian MulderSouth Dakota Legislature · HB 1251
create the community-based providers methodology supplement fund, create the target teacher salary supplement fund, and provide for the transfer of certain unobligated cash balances to the fund.
Feb 23, 2026 · Not enacted · Deferred to 41st day
Rep. Brian Mulder · Sponsored / Rep. Roger DeGroot · Co-sponsored / Rep. Eric Emery · Co-sponsored / Rep. Erik Muckey · Co-sponsored / Sen. Carl Perry · Co-sponsored / Sen. Mykala Voita · Co-sponsored
FactVote reviewed summary
HB 1251 proposed a target teacher salary supplement fund administered by the Department of Education. The fund would support budget requests to increase the statutory target teacher salary, with expenditures through the general appropriation bill. A separate provision proposed routing 30% of remaining unobligated cash to the fund after the reserve requirement. The committee deferred the bill to the 41st legislative day on February 23, 2026; it did not create this fund or guarantee salary increases.
The House Committee on Appropriations deferred the bill to the 41st legislative day on 2026-02-23. The 2026 regular session has ended without enactment of this measure.
Why this record is included
Household money income includes wages before taxes. A proposed fund to increase the target teacher salary concerns teachers’ earnings within household income. A funding-formula target is not a guaranteed paycheck increase; the bill failed and did not establish higher salaries or a higher statewide median. This relationship does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain its earlier value.
Retained South Dakota evidence context: Median household income. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
Section 1. That a NEW SECTION be added to chapter 13-13: There is created in the state treasury the target teacher salary supplement fund. The fund consists of moneys specified for deposit in the fund pursuant to § 4-7-32. The Department of Education shall administer the fund. The purpose of the fund is to enable an increase to the target teacher salary, as set forth in § 13-13-10.1. The department, as part of the annual budget submission, in accordance with § 4-7-7, shall submit a budget request utilizing money from the fund to provide an increase in the target teacher salary, as set forth in § 13-13-10.1. Interest on moneys credited to the fund must remain in the fund. Expenditures from the fund must be budgeted through the general appropriation bill.
Section 4. That § 4-7-32 be AMENDED: 4-7-32. The transfer of all prior year unobligated cash must occur in accordance with this section: (1) On July first of each fiscal year or at the time that the prior fiscal year general fund unobligated cash balance is determined, the commissioner of the Bureau of Finance and Management shall transfer prior year unobligated cash, up to an amount equaling ten percent of the general fund appropriations from the general appropriation act for the prior fiscal year, into the budget reserve fund. The cash balance in the budget reserve fund may not exceed ten percent of the general fund appropriations from the general appropriation act for the prior fiscal year; (2) If any unobligated cash balance remains after the requirements of subdivision (1) are met, the commissioner must: (a) Transfer thirty percent of the remaining balance to the community-based providers methodology supplement fund, created in section 2 of this Act; (b) Transfer thirty percent of the remaining balance to the target teacher salary supplement fund, created in section 1 of this Act; and (c) Transfer forty percent of the remaining balance to the general revenue placement fund, created in § 4-7-45.
1 proposalView proposals from Sen. Tim ReedSouth Dakota Legislature · HB 1244
repeal the special donations fund and make an appropriation to the Department of Education for the provision of a grant to support the Jobs for America's Graduates-South Dakota program.
Mar 27, 2026 · Enacted · Signed by governor
Rep. Amber Arlint · Sponsored / Sen. Tim Reed · Sponsored / Rep. Eric Emery · Co-sponsored / Rep. Tim Goodwin · Co-sponsored / Rep. Liz May · Co-sponsored / Rep. Erik Muckey · Co-sponsored / Rep. Brian Mulder · Co-sponsored / Rep. Rebecca Reimer · Co-sponsored / Rep. Matt Roby · Co-sponsored / Rep. Nicole Uhre-Balk · Co-sponsored / Rep. Kevin Van Diepen · Co-sponsored / Rep. Kadyn Wittman · Co-sponsored
FactVote reviewed summary
HB 1244 appropriates $500,000 to the Department of Education for a nonprofit grant supporting Jobs for America’s Graduates programs in school districts and accredited nonpublic schools. It limits use to specified matching or collaborative support, excludes endowment additions, and takes effect June 30, 2026. The department identifies JAG-SD as supporting students toward high school graduation. Appropriation and program purpose do not establish completed grants or diplomas.
Approved by Gov. Larry Rhoden on 2026-03-27. The text specifies June 30, 2026 as its effective date. Signing, effective dates, implementation and current enforceability are distinct.
Why this record is included
The fact measures high-school-or-higher attainment among residents age 25 and older. The grant supports a program serving students toward high school graduation, rather than the already-measured adult population. Funding does not establish completed diplomas or a change in adult attainment. This relationship does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain its earlier value.
Retained South Dakota evidence context: Adults with at least a high school diploma. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
Section 1. There is appropriated $500,000 from the general fund, to the Department of Education, for the purpose of providing a grant to a nonprofit organization located within the state to provide financial support to school districts and accredited nonpublic schools implementing the Jobs for America's Graduates program. Section 2. The grant may be used only to: (1) Match moneys received from private contributions or donations; (2) Match any federal education or career readiness grants received by the Jobs for America's Graduates-South Dakota program; or (3) Support larger, collaborative efforts in which the nonprofit organization is a partner. Any moneys generated or efforts supported under this section must be directed toward the operations of a Jobs for America's Graduates program in a school district or accredited nonpublic school located within this state and may not be added to an endowment fund. Section 3. The secretary of the Department of Education shall approve vouchers and the state auditor shall draw warrants to pay expenditures authorized by this Act. Section 4. Any amounts appropriated in this Act not lawfully expended or obligated shall revert in accordance with the procedures described in chapter 4-8. Section 5. The state treasurer shall transfer any moneys currently held in the special donation fund, created pursuant to § 13-66-3, to the general fund. Section 6. That § 13-66-3 be REPEALED. Section 7. This Act is effective beginning June 30, 2026.
Only current South Dakota officeholders retained in the reviewed collection qualify. Bills require a recorded primary sponsorship; cosponsors and signing officials are excluded from sponsorship counts. An official introducer recorded as acting by request is labeled “Introduced by request”; that procedural role does not establish personal policy endorsement. Governor and agency records qualify when recorded as proposed. A separately verified governor transmittal can also establish an original proposal whose latest status reflects its later outcome. Signing an enacted law alone does not establish a proposal. A record appearing under several facts is counted once per officeholder. A bill with multiple primary sponsors appears under each recorded sponsor.
Enacted bills, adopted resolutions and unsuccessful measures remain visible as proposal history. Passing one chamber is not enactment. These counts do not measure effectiveness or prove that an action changed a South Dakota statistic. Collection reviewed Sep 16, 2026.
Sources & methods
Every section retains its primary sources, units, reporting periods and comparison limits. Maps, graphs and tables use the same observation and cohort. All 50 states are listed; D.C. and territories are excluded. Missing and suppressed values remain unavailable and never become zero.
#1 is the highest measured value. Equal source values share a rank and leave gaps (1, 2, 2, 4). Ranks use source precision and are descriptive, not a score of the state. Survey uncertainty and reporting coverage can limit comparisons. Published U.S. benchmarks are used where available; a state average is not substituted.
South Dakota snapshots and fiscal sources keep their own dates and accounting scope. National events and federal distribution explainers describe national context. Actions and statements are filtered to South Dakota, retain their reviewed evidence, and do not establish that a policy caused a measured change.
Retained state source collections assembled October 5, 2026. Original review and source dates remain visible. Refreshing this page does not refresh an official data release.