Home values, gross rent, homeownership, housing cost burdens, and the pressure from prices and incomes.
Median owner-occupied home value$205.6K2020–2024 · #46 of 50 · highest first
Median gross rent$9672020–2024 · #45 of 50 · highest first
Homeownership rate68.3%2020–2024 · #20 of 50 · highest first
Kentucky over time
Explore Kentucky readings, major events and reviewed actions on the same date scale. Kentucky officeholders appear in separate lanes. National event evidence describes national context; it does not measure a Kentucky effect.
Major events & context · A curated selection, including uncertain effects. Milestone dates do not establish that an event caused a Kentucky change.
Enacted / issuedDid not proceedPending / in progressStatus unclear
Colors show the latest recorded status. Passing one chamber is not enactment. A number groups actions with the same date, body and status.
Home-price growth since 2016 Kentucky · source units
KentuckyPublished U.S. benchmark
Move across the chart to inspect the nearest observation. Click or tap to keep a reading selected, or focus the chart and use the arrow keys. Hover over or focus a marker to explore; click or tap to pin. Press Escape to clear.
9 of 9 reviewed Kentucky actions match · 9 date markers shown. 26 major events shown separately.
Kentucky · 2025: +83.2% · Rank #27 of 50, highest first · U.S. benchmark: Not available
FactVote averages the four quarterly, not-seasonally-adjusted FHFA all-transactions HPI observations for each year. It compares that series with BEA annual per-capita personal income distributed by FRED, then rebases both to 100 in 2016. This is a pressure indicator, not a home-price-to-income ratio and not a measure of monthly mortgage affordability. Both series are nominal; neither is adjusted for inflation. Per-capita personal income includes earnings, property income, and transfers and is not median household income. Annual observations use December 31; monthly observations use the first of the month. Lines connect consecutive readings and do not supply values between them. Missing observations break the lines.
View observations and export data
Kentucky Home-price growth since 2016 · source units
The timeline combines the corresponding national fact’s reviewed event catalog, labeled National context, with individually reviewed state milestones. State events use primary sources and distinguish signing, effective and filing dates. Each milestone keeps its source-check date, geographical limits and evidence limits. This curated selection is not a complete history.
Date ranges affect events and actions. Action type, status and official-name search affect government records only. Events remain separate from action counts. An event after the latest observation extends context without creating a new reading.
Kentucky · state comparison
Home values, rent, and homeownership
Census values are estimates for occupied housing, rather than current listing or sale prices.
Kentucky · 2020–2024$205,600
Kentucky rank#46among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark$332,700Same measure and period when published
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
Median owner-occupied home value
Median reported value of owner-occupied housing.
2024 dollars; a higher value can benefit owners and make buying harder.
Compare states on the graph
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Kentucky stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Kentucky has a dark outline.
Lower value · $162.6KHigher value · $839.1KStriped: unavailable
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
Kentucky · $205,6002020–2024 · Rank #46 of 50, highest firstSelected state
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.
Compare Kentucky with every state · 50 ranked
Median owner-occupied home value · 2020–2024 · highest value ranked #1
Rank
State
Value
Comparison notes
#1
Hawaii
$839,100
—
#2
California
$734,700
—
#3
Washington
$564,600
—
#4
Massachusetts
$562,100
—
#5
Colorado
$539,400
—
#6
Utah
$489,400
—
#7
Oregon
$477,600
—
#8
New Jersey
$454,400
—
#9
Nevada
$435,400
—
#10
New York
$423,800
—
#11
Maryland
$419,900
—
#12
Idaho
$418,600
—
#13
Rhode Island
$404,200
—
#14
New Hampshire
$402,500
—
#15
Arizona
$394,500
—
#16
Virginia
$383,700
—
#17
Montana
$375,800
—
#18
Connecticut
$366,900
—
#19
Florida
$359,000
—
#20
Alaska
$352,900
—
#21
Delaware
$352,000
—
#22
Minnesota
$329,300
—
#23
Vermont
$316,600
—
#24
Wyoming
$309,700
—
#25
Georgia
$303,300
—
#26
Maine
$296,600
—
#27
North Carolina
$288,900
—
#28
Tennessee
$286,700
—
#29
Texas
$283,800
—
#30
Wisconsin
$266,500
—
#31
Illinois
$263,300
—
#32
South Carolina
$259,000
—
#33
South Dakota
$257,400
—
#34
Pennsylvania
$254,500
—
#35
North Dakota
$249,900
—
#36
New Mexico
$248,100
—
#37
Nebraska
$238,600
—
#38
Michigan
$231,600
—
#39
Missouri
$230,300
—
#40
Indiana
$218,200
—
#41
Kansas
$217,200
—
#42
Louisiana
$216,500
—
#43
Ohio
$214,800
—
#44
Alabama
$209,900
—
#45
Iowa
$208,000
—
#46
Kentucky · your comparison
$205,600
—
#47
Oklahoma
$199,800
—
#48
Arkansas
$188,000
—
#49
Mississippi
$169,800
—
#50
West Virginia
$162,600
—
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
Median monthly gross rent for renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent, including contract rent plus estimated average utility and fuel costs paid by the renter.
This source snapshot keeps its own definition and period. A rank shown elsewhere applies only to that comparison’s measure and period.
Method and limitations
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts, sourced from the American Community Survey 2020–2024 five-year estimate and expressed in 2024 dollars.
This is a multi-year statewide estimate, not a current asking-rent measure.
The median obscures differences by location, unit size, housing quality, and renter circumstances.
Compare moderate-or-severe and severe housing cost burdens for three distinct housing groups.
Kentucky · 2020–202445.4%
Kentucky rank#40among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark51.1%Same measure and period when published
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
Renters · spending at least 30% of income
Housing costs as a share of household income, excluding households for which a ratio cannot be computed.
Renters and owners have separate denominators. Ratios use the Census computed-income universe.
Compare states on the graph
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Kentucky stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Kentucky has a dark outline.
Lower value · 38.9%Higher value · 60.1%Striped: unavailable
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
Kentucky · 45.4%2020–2024 · Rank #40 of 50, highest firstSelected state
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.
Compare Kentucky with every state · 50 ranked
Renters · spending at least 30% of income · 2020–2024 · highest value ranked #1
Rank
State
Value
Comparison notes
#1
Florida
60.1%
—
#2
Hawaii
56.7%
—
#3
Nevada
55.9%
—
#4
California
55.3%
—
#5
Louisiana
54.8%
—
#6
Colorado
52.9%
—
#7
Connecticut
52.6%
—
#8
Oregon
52.5%
—
#9
Georgia
52.4%
—
#10
South Carolina
52.1%
—
#11
New York
52.1%
—
#12
Massachusetts
51.8%
—
#13
Texas
51.7%
—
#14
New Jersey
51.6%
—
#15
Maryland
51.5%
—
#16
Arizona
51.4%
—
#17
Mississippi
51.3%
—
#18
Michigan
50.4%
—
#19
New Mexico
50.2%
—
#20
Washington
49.9%
—
#21
Delaware
49.6%
—
#22
North Carolina
48.9%
—
#23
West Virginia
48.9%
—
#24
Tennessee
48.8%
—
#25
Alabama
48.8%
—
#26
Virginia
48.5%
—
#27
Maine
48.4%
—
#28
Vermont
48.4%
—
#29
New Hampshire
48.2%
—
#30
Pennsylvania
48.2%
—
#31
Minnesota
48.1%
—
#32
Indiana
48.1%
—
#33
Rhode Island
48%
—
#34
Illinois
47.9%
—
#35
Utah
47.2%
—
#36
Idaho
46.9%
—
#37
Oklahoma
46.3%
—
#38
Ohio
45.9%
—
#39
Missouri
45.6%
—
#40
Kentucky · your comparison
45.4%
—
#41
Nebraska
45.1%
—
#42
Arkansas
44.8%
—
#43
Montana
44.8%
—
#44
Alaska
44.6%
—
#45
Iowa
43.9%
—
#46
Wisconsin
43.7%
—
#47
Kansas
43.5%
—
#48
Wyoming
43.1%
—
#49
South Dakota
39.8%
—
#50
North Dakota
38.9%
—
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
Both series start at 100 in 2016. The gap describes price pressure; it is not a mortgage payment or a price-to-income ratio.
Kentucky · 2025+83.2%
Kentucky rank#27among all 50 states
U.S. benchmarkNot availableSame measure and period when published
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
Home-price growth since 2016
FactVote averages the four quarterly, not-seasonally-adjusted FHFA all-transactions HPI observations for each year. It compares that series with BEA annual per-capita personal income distributed by FRED, then rebases both to 100 in 2016.
This is a pressure indicator, not a home-price-to-income ratio and not a measure of monthly mortgage affordability. Both series are nominal; neither is adjusted for inflation. Per-capita personal income includes earnings, property income, and transfers and is not median household income.
Hover to inspect. Click or tap to compare that period with every state. Focus the graph and use arrow keys, Home or End to select a period. Press Escape to return to the latest period.
Kentucky
2025 · Kentucky: +83.2% · Rank #27 of 50, highest first · Selected for state comparisonView history and select a period
Kentucky Home-price growth since 2016 history
Period
Kentucky
Compare
2016
+0%
2017
+4%
2018
+8.1%
2019
+12.7%
2020
+18.5%
2021
+32.7%
2022
+52.8%
2023
+63.7%
2024
+74.9%
2025
+83.2%
Compare states on the graph
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Kentucky stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Kentucky has a dark outline.
Lower value · +38.2%Higher value · +141.7%Striped: unavailable
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
Kentucky · +83.2%2025 · Rank #27 of 50, highest firstSelected state
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at the index base (0% growth); #1 means the highest value.
Compare Kentucky with every state · 50 ranked
Home-price growth since 2016 · 2025 · highest value ranked #1
Rank
State
Value
Comparison notes
#1
Idaho
+141.7%
—
#2
Florida
+114.5%
—
#3
Maine
+113.7%
—
#4
Utah
+113.6%
—
#5
Tennessee
+112.4%
—
#6
Arizona
+112.3%
—
#7
New Hampshire
+110.1%
—
#8
Rhode Island
+108%
—
#9
Georgia
+107.6%
—
#10
North Carolina
+107.1%
—
#11
Montana
+106.7%
—
#12
Nevada
+106.1%
—
#13
South Carolina
+105.5%
—
#14
Washington
+100.2%
—
#15
Indiana
+94.5%
—
#16
Wisconsin
+94%
—
#17
Michigan
+93.7%
—
#18
Ohio
+93.3%
—
#19
Vermont
+92.6%
—
#20
New Jersey
+88.9%
—
#21
Missouri
+86.9%
—
#22
New York
+85.9%
—
#23
Nebraska
+84.6%
—
#24
Massachusetts
+84.3%
—
#24
South Dakota
+84.3%
—
#26
Texas
+83.3%
—
#27
Kentucky · your comparison
+83.2%
—
#28
Colorado
+83.1%
—
#29
Kansas
+82.5%
—
#30
New Mexico
+82.3%
—
#31
Alabama
+81.3%
—
#32
Arkansas
+80.8%
—
#33
Connecticut
+79.8%
—
#34
Pennsylvania
+78.4%
—
#35
Virginia
+76.5%
—
#36
Delaware
+75.4%
—
#37
Oregon
+74.7%
—
#38
California
+72.7%
—
#39
Oklahoma
+71.9%
—
#40
Minnesota
+70%
—
#41
Wyoming
+69.3%
—
#42
Illinois
+65.3%
—
#43
Iowa
+64.2%
—
#44
Mississippi
+63.9%
—
#45
Hawaii
+63%
—
#46
Maryland
+59.4%
—
#47
West Virginia
+58.6%
—
#48
Alaska
+51.9%
—
#49
North Dakota
+45.9%
—
#50
Louisiana
+38.2%
—
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
State building activity, vacant units, mortgage performance, and borrowing rates are different measures.
Kentucky · 202514,940
Kentucky rank#28among all 50 states
U.S. benchmark1,431,616Same measure and period when published
#1 is the highest value. Ties share a rank and leave gaps. D.C. and territories are excluded. Rank describes the measured value; it is not an overall score of the state.
Total housing units authorized
New privately owned housing units authorized by building permits; final annual, not seasonally adjusted.
A permit is authorization, not a start or completed home. Absolute counts reflect the size of a state. Units in permit-issuing places; excludes public housing.
Compare states on the graph
Hover or focus a bar to inspect its value and rank. Use the up and down arrows, Home or End to explore states. Click, tap or press Enter to keep a state selected. Kentucky stays highlighted. Values use the same measure and period.
Explore the map: hover or focus a state to inspect it, then click or tap to select it. Arrow keys move between states alphabetically. Kentucky has a dark outline.
Lower value · 848Higher value · 210,217Striped: unavailable
Color shows this measure’s value, not an overall state score. Select a state on the map, graph or dropdown to read its value, rank and comparison limits below.
Kentucky · 14,9402025 · Rank #28 of 50, highest firstSelected state
50 states shown · scroll to explore every state. Missing values have no bar and are excluded from ranks. Bars start at zero; #1 means the highest value.
Compare Kentucky with every state · 50 ranked
Total housing units authorized · 2025 · highest value ranked #1
Rank
State
Value
Comparison notes
#1
Texas
210,217
—
#2
Florida
178,297
—
#3
California
103,856
—
#4
North Carolina
86,167
—
#5
Georgia
61,196
—
#6
Arizona
51,532
—
#7
South Carolina
45,862
—
#8
Tennessee
43,374
—
#9
New York
38,667
—
#10
Washington
34,913
—
#11
Colorado
33,754
—
#12
Ohio
33,640
—
#13
Virginia
33,094
—
#14
Indiana
29,076
—
#15
New Jersey
27,661
—
#16
Utah
26,775
—
#17
Pennsylvania
25,709
—
#18
Wisconsin
25,569
—
#19
Michigan
23,075
—
#20
Minnesota
20,947
—
#21
Alabama
19,061
—
#22
Illinois
18,551
—
#23
Nevada
18,540
—
#24
Idaho
17,944
—
#25
Missouri
17,474
—
#26
Oklahoma
15,513
—
#27
Arkansas
15,492
—
#28
Kentucky · your comparison
14,940
—
#29
Oregon
14,839
—
#30
Louisiana
14,203
—
#31
Iowa
13,664
—
#32
Maryland
13,358
—
#33
Massachusetts
12,477
—
#34
Nebraska
10,596
—
#35
Kansas
10,299
—
#36
Mississippi
8,405
—
#37
New Mexico
7,747
—
#38
Connecticut
7,273
—
#39
Maine
6,979
—
#40
Delaware
6,468
—
#41
South Dakota
5,305
—
#42
Montana
5,258
—
#43
New Hampshire
5,030
—
#44
West Virginia
3,962
—
#45
Hawaii
3,708
—
#46
North Dakota
2,440
—
#47
Vermont
2,294
—
#48
Wyoming
2,238
—
#49
Rhode Island
1,738
—
#50
Alaska
848
—
All 50 states are listed, including states without a comparable observation. Ranks use stored source precision; displayed values may round to the same number.
Explore current officeholders and explicitly reviewed historical executive officials, labeled at the time of their actions. Timeline dates, action type, status and search also filter this list. Read any record’s summary, latest recorded status and official evidence below, or open it beside the timeline.
9 of 9 reviewed Kentucky actions · newest first
Apr 13, 2026 · HB 264 · AN ACT relating to theft by deception. · SignedGovernor · HB 264
AN ACT relating to theft by deception.
Apr 13, 2026 · Signed
Gov. Andy Beshear · Signed
FactVote reviewed summary
Andy Beshear signed HB 264. The law creates a presumption of deception when someone advertises property for sale, lease, or rent without title or authority. The connection concerns fraudulent rental offers and renter protection. Fraud is outside the FBI property-crime series used here.
The official record verifies a governor signing. Approval, legislative-entry dates, effective dates, and current enforceability are distinct.
Why this record is included
Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Kentucky’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.
Retained Kentucky evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
(4) For purposes of subsection (1) of this section: (a) A person is presumed to create or reinforce a false impression when the perso n lists or advertises residential or commercial real property or vacant land for sale, lease, or rent without legal title or authority; and
The law creates a presumption of deception when someone advertises property for sale, lease, or rent without title or authority. The connection concerns fraudulent rental offers and renter protection. Fraud is outside the FBI property-crime series used here.
04/13/26: signed by Governor (Acts Ch. 106). Latest official history entry: signed by Governor (Acts Ch. 106) (2026-04-13). Historical enactment is distinct from governor approval, implementation, later amendments and current enforceability.
Why this record is included
Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Kentucky’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.
Retained Kentucky evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
(4) For purposes of subsection (1) of this section: (a) A person is presumed to create or reinforce a false impression when the perso n lists or advertises residential or commercial real property or vacant land for sale, lease, or rent without legal title or authority; and
The law permits qualifying affordable-housing developments of 24 or fewer units on religious-institution property owned before January 1, 2026, subject to location, aggregate-unit, and other requirements. Units must serve households at or below 80 percent of area median income and retain affordability for 15 years. This concerns housing supply; it does not specify rental tenure for every unit or set median rent.
04/07/26: signed by Governor (Acts Ch. 37). Latest official history entry: signed by Governor (Acts Ch. 37) (2026-04-07). Historical enactment is distinct from governor approval, implementation, later amendments and current enforceability.
Why this record is included
Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Kentucky’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.
Retained Kentucky evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
(1) As used in this section: (a) "Affordable housing" means a residential dwelling unit reserved for a household whose income does not exceed eighty percent (80%) of the median income for the area as set out by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development; (b) "Homeless shelter" means a facility used primarily to provide temporary shelter, including day shelters, overnight shelters, or temporary cooling or warming shelters, for the homeless, and which may provide: 1. Overnight sleeping accommodations; 2. Meals; and 3. Ancillary social, educational, or health services; (c) "Religious developer" means a religious institution or any property developer working on behalf of a religious institution; and (d) "Religious institution" means a bona fide church, religious denomination, or religious organization, determined by the Internal Revenue Service to be tax exempt pursuant to Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. (2) Affordable housing developed by a religious developer shall be considered a permitted use and shall not be subject to permitting, review, or other regulation under this chapter, except for ministerial review by a planning unit for compliance with the following requirements: (a) The development is located on property owned by the religious institution; (b) The property where the development is to be located was purchased by the religious institution prior to January 1, 2026, and owned by the religious institution throughout the duration of the obligation in paragraph (g) of this subsection; (c) The development exclusively contains affordable housing; (d) The property where the development is to be located: 1. Is on a parcel in a commercial or business zone; 2. Is on a parcel in a residential zone that is adjacent to a road classified as part of the state primary road system pursuant to KRS 177.020 and is adjacent to a parcel in a commercial, business, or industrial zone; or 3. Contains a structure that was used as a school prior to the effective date of th is Act and the development is for the conversion of that structure into affordable housing; (e) The development contains twenty-four (24) or fewer units; (f) The development would not lead to more than twenty -four (24) affordable housing units being located on that parcel, any contiguous parcel owned by the religious institution, or cumulatively on parcels owned by the religious institution within one-half (1/2) mile of the development; (g) The obligation that units developed pursuant to this section are af fordable in accordance with paragraph (c) of this subsection shall: 1. Remain in place for a period of fifteen (15) years from the date of the certificate of occupancy or, if a certificate of occupancy is not required, from the date of the final building p ermit inspection; and ACTS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY 2 2. Be recorded in a legally binding agreement or deed restriction. The religious developer shall submit an annual report to the certifying planning unit that the requirements of this paragraph are met for the property; and (h) The re ligious developer has obtained all other permits, including building permits, as required by law. (3) If a development established pursuant to this section no longer meets the requirements in subsection (2) of this section, the property owner shall seek al l approvals for the development from the planning unit that would be required for a developer that did not qualify for ministerial review under this section. (4) The Kentucky Housing Corporation may provide technical and advisory resources to a religious d eveloper to assist with the development and management of an affordable housing development under this section.
Andy Beshear signed HB 333. The law permits qualifying affordable-housing developments of 24 or fewer units on religious-institution property owned before January 1, 2026, subject to location, aggregate-unit, and other requirements. Units must serve households at or below 80 percent of area median income and retain affordability for 15 years. This concerns housing supply; it does not specify rental tenure for every unit or set median rent.
The official record verifies a governor signing. Approval, legislative-entry dates, effective dates, and current enforceability are distinct.
Why this record is included
Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Kentucky’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.
Retained Kentucky evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
(1) As used in this section: (a) "Affordable housing" means a residential dwelling unit reserved for a household whose income does not exceed eighty percent (80%) of the median income for the area as set out by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development; (b) "Homeless shelter" means a facility used primarily to provide temporary shelter, including day shelters, overnight shelters, or temporary cooling or warming shelters, for the homeless, and which may provide: 1. Overnight sleeping accommodations; 2. Meals; and 3. Ancillary social, educational, or health services; (c) "Religious developer" means a religious institution or any property developer working on behalf of a religious institution; and (d) "Religious institution" means a bona fide church, religious denomination, or religious organization, determined by the Internal Revenue Service to be tax exempt pursuant to Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. (2) Affordable housing developed by a religious developer shall be considered a permitted use and shall not be subject to permitting, review, or other regulation under this chapter, except for ministerial review by a planning unit for compliance with the following requirements: (a) The development is located on property owned by the religious institution; (b) The property where the development is to be located was purchased by the religious institution prior to January 1, 2026, and owned by the religious institution throughout the duration of the obligation in paragraph (g) of this subsection; (c) The development exclusively contains affordable housing; (d) The property where the development is to be located: 1. Is on a parcel in a commercial or business zone; 2. Is on a parcel in a residential zone that is adjacent to a road classified as part of the state primary road system pursuant to KRS 177.020 and is adjacent to a parcel in a commercial, business, or industrial zone; or 3. Contains a structure that was used as a school prior to the effective date of th is Act and the development is for the conversion of that structure into affordable housing; (e) The development contains twenty-four (24) or fewer units; (f) The development would not lead to more than twenty -four (24) affordable housing units being located on that parcel, any contiguous parcel owned by the religious institution, or cumulatively on parcels owned by the religious institution within one-half (1/2) mile of the development; (g) The obligation that units developed pursuant to this section are af fordable in accordance with paragraph (c) of this subsection shall: 1. Remain in place for a period of fifteen (15) years from the date of the certificate of occupancy or, if a certificate of occupancy is not required, from the date of the final building p ermit inspection; and ACTS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY 2 2. Be recorded in a legally binding agreement or deed restriction. The religious developer shall submit an annual report to the certifying planning unit that the requirements of this paragraph are met for the property; and (h) The re ligious developer has obtained all other permits, including building permits, as required by law. (3) If a development established pursuant to this section no longer meets the requirements in subsection (2) of this section, the property owner shall seek al l approvals for the development from the planning unit that would be required for a developer that did not qualify for ministerial review under this section. (4) The Kentucky Housing Corporation may provide technical and advisory resources to a religious d eveloper to assist with the development and management of an affordable housing development under this section.
AN ACT relating to concealed firearms and deadly weapons.
Apr 2, 2026 · Vetoed
Gov. Andy Beshear · Vetoed
FactVote reviewed summary
Andy Beshear vetoed the provisional concealed-carry licensing bill for people ages 18 through 20 in full, citing concerns about the age threshold and gun violence. The legislature overrode the veto.
The original governor message verifies a full-bill veto. The General Assembly overrode the veto; the bill is recorded separately as enacted. 04/14/26: delivered to Secretary of State (Acts Ch. 173). Latest official history entry: delivered to Secretary of State (Acts Ch. 173) (2026-04-14). Historical enactment is distinct from governor approval, implementation, later amendments and current enforceability.
Why this record is included
Firearm mortality includes suicide, homicide, and other intents. The provision concerns firearm access, safety, or prevention of firearm injury and may address only part of the death count. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.
Retained Kentucky evidence context: Firearm deaths. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
House Bill 312 of the 2026 Regular Session of the General Assembly in its entirety. While I believe in the Second Amendment, Kentuckians under age 21 cannot rent a car, cannot buy alcohol, cannot buy tobacco products, cannot consume medical cannabis through vapor devices, and cannot be a State Representative or Senator. Under another bill filed this session they would not be able to place a sports bet. Kentuckians are also allowed to stay on their parents' health insurance policies until they are 26 years old. Laws setting these minimum age limits are meant to protect our youth. Yet under House Bill 312, minors under age 21 could carry concealed deadly weapons, even though federal law restricts their ability to buy handguns. Tonight, I'm remembering my friend Tommy Elliott, who was murdered along with four other children of God three years ago in an act of gun violence. I'm vetoing this bill in his honor. For these reasons, I am vetoing House Bill 312.
Inspect this action on the timeline ↑Dec 1, 2025 · HR 2483 · SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Reauthorization Act of 2025 · EnactedU.S. Congress · Kentucky delegation · HR 2483
SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Reauthorization Act of 2025
Dec 1, 2025 · Enacted
Rep. Brett Guthrie · Sponsored
FactVote reviewed summary
Public Law 119-44 reauthorized the Recovery Housing Pilot Program through 2030 and updated its allocation criteria. Brett Guthrie sponsored the underlying bill, H.R. 2483. This historical enactment concerns targeted housing assistance, not proof of a change in statewide median rent.
Became Public Law No: 119-44. Historical enactment does not establish current enforceability.
Why this record is included
Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Kentucky’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.
Retained Kentucky evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
(b) Reauthorization of the CAREER Act; Recovery Housing Pilot Program.—139 STAT. 688 (1) In general.—Section 8071 of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (42 U.S.C. 5301 note; Public Law 115–271) is amended—(A) by striking the section heading and inserting “career act; recovery housing pilot program”; (B) in subsection (a), by striking “through 2023” and inserting “through 2030”; (C) in subsection (b)—(i) Deadline.in paragraph (1), by striking “not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act” and inserting “not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Reauthorization Act of 2025”; and (ii) in paragraph (2)(B)(i)—(I) in subclause (I)—(aa) by striking “for calendar years 2013 through 2017”; and (bb) by inserting “for calendar years 2018 through 2022” after “rates of unemployment”; (II) in subclause (II)—(aa) by striking “for calendar years 2013 through 2017”; and (bb) by inserting “for calendar years 2018 through 2022” after “participation rates”; and (III) by striking subclause (III) and inserting the following:“(III) The highest age-adjusted average rates of drug overdose deaths for calendar years 2018 through 2022 based on data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including, if necessary, provisional data for calendar year 2022.” ; and (D) in subsection (f), by striking “For the 2-year period following the date of enactment of this Act, the” and inserting “The”. (2) Conforming amendment.—Subtitle F of title VIII of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (Public Law 115–271; 132 Stat. 4095) is amended by striking the subtitle heading and inserting the following: “Subtitle F—CAREER Act; Recovery Housing Pilot Program” .
Records come from published fact relationships or reviewed topic records with official supporting evidence and verified Kentucky officeholder attribution. Historical executive officials require evidence tied to the action date and are excluded from incumbent proposals. Inclusion follows an explicit topic review, a related state fact, or the action’s title and supporting evidence. Explicit topic reviews take priority; repeated actions use the most recent explicit review for this topic. Duplicate actions attached to several facts appear once. This topic match is not a new finding that an action caused a result, and the reviewed collection is selective. Collection reviewed Oct 5, 2026.
What candidates are saying
Explore statements about housing, rent, homeownership and borrowing costs from FactVote’s Kentucky candidate profiles. Compare candidates within each recorded race, with each person’s matching statements kept together. These are candidate and campaign statements, not verified outcomes.
9 statements from 7 candidates
2026 Kentucky U.S. House — District 2 — General Election
1 candidate with matching statements · 2 statements
Skyrocketing costs for housing, food, childcare, and education, plus stagnant wages and rising inflation, are making life unaffordable. Across the country, 60% of people live paycheck to paycheck, and in eastern Kentucky, 25% live at or below the poverty line. People should not go hungry, be homeles…
Read exact statement & source
Source topic or question: Coal, energy, and Appalachian economic development
Candidate campaign source
Skyrocketing costs for housing, food, childcare, and education, plus stagnant wages and rising inflation, are making life unaffordable. Across the country, 60% of people live paycheck to paycheck, and in eastern Kentucky, 25% live at or below the poverty line. People should not go hungry, be homeless, or not be able to raise a family. It's time to embrace Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Economic Bill of Rights, and guarantee, to everyone, a job sufficient to afford the life we deserve. Click below to learn more.
Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 16, 2026
Offer housing and employment assistance: Help veterans transition to civilian life by providing resources for housing and job placement, as well as education opportunities to acquire new skills. By addressing these key areas, the US government can better fulfill its commitment to care for military v…
Read exact statement & source
Source topic or question: National security, foreign policy, and veterans
Candidate campaign source
Offer housing and employment assistance: Help veterans transition to civilian life by providing resources for housing and job placement, as well as education opportunities to acquire new skills. By addressing these key areas, the US government can better fulfill its commitment to care for military veterans and ensure that they receive the support they deserve.
Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026
Housing has become unaffordable, pricing out young people from buying their first home. I know this personally – I was only able to afford buying my home thanks to qualifying for a VA loan. We need to do everything we can to increase housing supply to reduce housing prices – funding research into ch…
Read exact statement & source
Source topic or question: Housing affordability
Candidate campaign source
Housing has become unaffordable, pricing out young people from buying their first home. I know this personally – I was only able to afford buying my home thanks to qualifying for a VA loan. We need to do everything we can to increase housing supply to reduce housing prices – funding research into cheaper construction materials, massive public-private partnerships to increase supply, expanded first-time homebuyer programs like the VA loan program that helped me to other public servants that serve their communities (like teachers, nurses, and first responders), and stopping Wall Street from buying up homes from all the rest of us. Programs that help working families achieve homeownership work; we just need to expand them so everyone has a fair shot, not just veterans like me.
Statement date not recorded · Profile reviewed Sep 15, 2026
This section matches specific housing, rent, homeownership and borrowing costs terms in retained, attributed source text from published Kentucky candidate profiles. A profile heading or biography alone does not qualify. The Florida geography is fixed; saved state preferences cannot change these results. A mention can concern a community or group rather than Florida’s statewide measure.
Matching is automatic and does not establish a candidate’s stance, the accuracy of a claim, or an effect on the measured result. Results are grouped by recorded race, then by candidate name. Within each candidate, the matching issue mentions appear first. Only candidates with matching retained statements are shown; this is not a complete race roster. Repeated identical text for the same candidate is shown once. Coverage follows the existing state profiles and is not a complete record of all candidates or everything they have said. Review dates are not statement dates.
Kentucky incumbents
What incumbents are proposing
Explore reviewed bills sponsored by current Kentucky legislators and Kentucky’s congressional delegation, plus retained proposals from Kentucky’s governor and agencies. Each record keeps its latest recorded status and official evidence.
5 matching sponsorships or proposals · 5 Kentucky incumbents. These filters apply only to this section.
Rep. Andy Barr
U.S. House of Representatives, Kentucky District 6 · R–KY
1 proposalView proposals from Rep. Andy BarrU.S. Congress · Kentucky delegation · HR 5618
Housing PLUS Act of 2025
Sep 30, 2025 · In Congress
Rep. Andy Barr · Sponsored
FactVote reviewed summary
The proposal would protect Continuum of Care grant eligibility for programs requiring supportive services or occupancy prerequisites and for faith-based organizations, and reserve at least half of funds for entities offering wraparound services. It concerns housing assistance and occupancy conditions, not a measured change in median rent.
Referred to the House Committee on Financial Services. No enactment of this bill is recorded at the review cutoff.
Why this record is included
Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Kentucky’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.
Retained Kentucky evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
2.Availability of Continuum of Care funds for grantees requiring wraparound services or applying preconditionsSubtitle C of title IV of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11381 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new section: 436.Availability of funds for grantees requiring wraparound services or applying preconditions (a)AvailabilityNotwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary may not, in making amounts available under this subtitle, prohibit, limit, or restrict the award or amount of grants made with such amounts to or for eligible entities, project sponsors, or recipients— (1)that require the provision of supportive services, such as counseling, job training, or addiction treatment, for individuals served by a program, project, or activity assisted with such amounts; (2)that require, as a condition for occupancy in a project, or assistance from a program, project, or activity, assisted with such amounts that individuals meet certain prerequisites, such as sobriety or lack of drug use; or (3)faith-based organizations. (b)Set asideNotwithstanding any other provision of law, in making available amounts under this subtitle for each fiscal year, the Secretary shall ensure that not less than 50 percent of such amounts shall be used by eligible entities, project sponsors, and recipients that provide or offer access to wraparound services. (c)AccountabilityNot later than 180 days after the completion of each fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit, to the House Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs of the Senate, for such fiscal year— (1)a written certification that the amounts made available for carrying out this subtitle were made available in compliance with subsections (a) and (b) of this section; and (2)a report specifying how the Notices of Funding Opportunity for such fiscal year for amounts made available for carrying out this subtitle evidence such compliance..
U.S. House of Representatives, Kentucky District 2 · R–KY
1 proposalView proposals from Rep. Brett GuthrieU.S. Congress · Kentucky delegation · HR 2483
SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Reauthorization Act of 2025
Dec 1, 2025 · Enacted
Rep. Brett Guthrie · Sponsored
FactVote reviewed summary
Public Law 119-44 reauthorized the Recovery Housing Pilot Program through 2030 and updated its allocation criteria. Brett Guthrie sponsored the underlying bill, H.R. 2483. This historical enactment concerns targeted housing assistance, not proof of a change in statewide median rent.
Became Public Law No: 119-44. Historical enactment does not establish current enforceability.
Why this record is included
Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Kentucky’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.
Retained Kentucky evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
(b) Reauthorization of the CAREER Act; Recovery Housing Pilot Program.—139 STAT. 688 (1) In general.—Section 8071 of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (42 U.S.C. 5301 note; Public Law 115–271) is amended—(A) by striking the section heading and inserting “career act; recovery housing pilot program”; (B) in subsection (a), by striking “through 2023” and inserting “through 2030”; (C) in subsection (b)—(i) Deadline.in paragraph (1), by striking “not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act” and inserting “not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Reauthorization Act of 2025”; and (ii) in paragraph (2)(B)(i)—(I) in subclause (I)—(aa) by striking “for calendar years 2013 through 2017”; and (bb) by inserting “for calendar years 2018 through 2022” after “rates of unemployment”; (II) in subclause (II)—(aa) by striking “for calendar years 2013 through 2017”; and (bb) by inserting “for calendar years 2018 through 2022” after “participation rates”; and (III) by striking subclause (III) and inserting the following:“(III) The highest age-adjusted average rates of drug overdose deaths for calendar years 2018 through 2022 based on data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including, if necessary, provisional data for calendar year 2022.” ; and (D) in subsection (f), by striking “For the 2-year period following the date of enactment of this Act, the” and inserting “The”. (2) Conforming amendment.—Subtitle F of title VIII of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (Public Law 115–271; 132 Stat. 4095) is amended by striking the subtitle heading and inserting the following: “Subtitle F—CAREER Act; Recovery Housing Pilot Program” .
The law creates a presumption of deception when someone advertises property for sale, lease, or rent without title or authority. The connection concerns fraudulent rental offers and renter protection. Fraud is outside the FBI property-crime series used here.
04/13/26: signed by Governor (Acts Ch. 106). Latest official history entry: signed by Governor (Acts Ch. 106) (2026-04-13). Historical enactment is distinct from governor approval, implementation, later amendments and current enforceability.
Why this record is included
Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Kentucky’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.
Retained Kentucky evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
(4) For purposes of subsection (1) of this section: (a) A person is presumed to create or reinforce a false impression when the perso n lists or advertises residential or commercial real property or vacant land for sale, lease, or rent without legal title or authority; and
Kentucky House of Representatives, District 51 · R–KY
1 proposalView proposals from Rep. Michael Sarge PollockKentucky Legislature · HB 333
AN ACT relating to housing.
Apr 7, 2026 · Enacted
Rep. Michael Sarge Pollock · Sponsored
FactVote reviewed summary
The law permits qualifying affordable-housing developments of 24 or fewer units on religious-institution property owned before January 1, 2026, subject to location, aggregate-unit, and other requirements. Units must serve households at or below 80 percent of area median income and retain affordability for 15 years. This concerns housing supply; it does not specify rental tenure for every unit or set median rent.
04/07/26: signed by Governor (Acts Ch. 37). Latest official history entry: signed by Governor (Acts Ch. 37) (2026-04-07). Historical enactment is distinct from governor approval, implementation, later amendments and current enforceability.
Why this record is included
Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Kentucky’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.
Retained Kentucky evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
(1) As used in this section: (a) "Affordable housing" means a residential dwelling unit reserved for a household whose income does not exceed eighty percent (80%) of the median income for the area as set out by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development; (b) "Homeless shelter" means a facility used primarily to provide temporary shelter, including day shelters, overnight shelters, or temporary cooling or warming shelters, for the homeless, and which may provide: 1. Overnight sleeping accommodations; 2. Meals; and 3. Ancillary social, educational, or health services; (c) "Religious developer" means a religious institution or any property developer working on behalf of a religious institution; and (d) "Religious institution" means a bona fide church, religious denomination, or religious organization, determined by the Internal Revenue Service to be tax exempt pursuant to Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. (2) Affordable housing developed by a religious developer shall be considered a permitted use and shall not be subject to permitting, review, or other regulation under this chapter, except for ministerial review by a planning unit for compliance with the following requirements: (a) The development is located on property owned by the religious institution; (b) The property where the development is to be located was purchased by the religious institution prior to January 1, 2026, and owned by the religious institution throughout the duration of the obligation in paragraph (g) of this subsection; (c) The development exclusively contains affordable housing; (d) The property where the development is to be located: 1. Is on a parcel in a commercial or business zone; 2. Is on a parcel in a residential zone that is adjacent to a road classified as part of the state primary road system pursuant to KRS 177.020 and is adjacent to a parcel in a commercial, business, or industrial zone; or 3. Contains a structure that was used as a school prior to the effective date of th is Act and the development is for the conversion of that structure into affordable housing; (e) The development contains twenty-four (24) or fewer units; (f) The development would not lead to more than twenty -four (24) affordable housing units being located on that parcel, any contiguous parcel owned by the religious institution, or cumulatively on parcels owned by the religious institution within one-half (1/2) mile of the development; (g) The obligation that units developed pursuant to this section are af fordable in accordance with paragraph (c) of this subsection shall: 1. Remain in place for a period of fifteen (15) years from the date of the certificate of occupancy or, if a certificate of occupancy is not required, from the date of the final building p ermit inspection; and ACTS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY 2 2. Be recorded in a legally binding agreement or deed restriction. The religious developer shall submit an annual report to the certifying planning unit that the requirements of this paragraph are met for the property; and (h) The re ligious developer has obtained all other permits, including building permits, as required by law. (3) If a development established pursuant to this section no longer meets the requirements in subsection (2) of this section, the property owner shall seek al l approvals for the development from the planning unit that would be required for a developer that did not qualify for ministerial review under this section. (4) The Kentucky Housing Corporation may provide technical and advisory resources to a religious d eveloper to assist with the development and management of an affordable housing development under this section.
1 proposalView proposals from Sen. Mitch McConnellU.S. Congress · Kentucky delegation · S 500
CAREER Act of 2025
Feb 10, 2025 · In Congress
Sen. Mitch McConnell · Sponsored
FactVote reviewed summary
The proposal would reauthorize the Recovery Housing Pilot Program through 2030 and update its allocation criteria. It concerns housing assistance for people in recovery; it is not a high-school graduation program.
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. No enactment of this bill is recorded at the review cutoff.
Why this record is included
Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Kentucky’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.
Retained Kentucky evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.
3.Reauthorization of the CAREER Act; Recovery Housing Pilot Program(a)In generalSection 8071 of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (42 U.S.C. 5301 note; Public Law 115–271) is amended—(1)by striking the section heading and inserting CAREER Act; Recovery Housing Pilot Program;(2)in subsection (a), by striking through 2023 and inserting through 2030;(3)in subsection (b)—(A)in paragraph (1), by striking not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of this Act and inserting not later than 60 days after the date of enactment of the Comprehensive Addiction Recovery through Effective Employment and Reentry Act of 2025; and(B)in paragraph (2)(B)(i)—(i)in subclause (I)—(I)by striking for calendar years 2013 through 2017; and (II)by inserting for calendar years 2018 through 2022 after rates of unemployment;(ii)in subclause (II)—(I)by striking for calendar years 2013 through 2017; and(II)by inserting for calendar years 2018 through 2022 after participation rates; and(iii)by striking subclause (III) and inserting the following:(III)The highest age-adjusted average rates of drug overdose deaths for calendar years 2018 through 2022 based on data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including, if necessary, provisional data for calendar year 2022.; and(4)in subsection (f), by striking For the 2-year period following the date of enactment of this Act, the and inserting The.(b)Conforming amendmentSubtitle F of title VIII of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (Public Law 115–271; 132 Stat. 4095) is amended by striking the subtitle heading and inserting the following:FCAREER Act; Recovery Housing Pilot Program.(c)Clerical amendmentsThe table of contents in section 1(b) of the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (Public Law 115–271; 132 Stat. 3894) is amended—(1)by striking the item relating to subtitle F of title VIII and inserting the following:Subtitle F—CAREER Act; Recovery Housing Pilot Program; and(2)by striking the item relating to section 8071 and inserting the following:Sec. 8071. CAREER Act; Recovery Housing Pilot Program..
Only current Kentucky officeholders retained in the reviewed collection qualify. Bills require a recorded primary sponsorship; cosponsors and signing officials are excluded from sponsorship counts. An official introducer recorded as acting by request is labeled “Introduced by request”; that procedural role does not establish personal policy endorsement. Governor and agency records qualify when recorded as proposed. A separately verified governor transmittal can also establish an original proposal whose latest status reflects its later outcome. Signing an enacted law alone does not establish a proposal. A record appearing under several facts is counted once per officeholder. A bill with multiple primary sponsors appears under each recorded sponsor.
Enacted bills, adopted resolutions and unsuccessful measures remain visible as proposal history. Passing one chamber is not enactment. These counts do not measure effectiveness or prove that an action changed a Kentucky statistic. Collection reviewed Oct 5, 2026.
Sources & methods
Every section retains its primary sources, units, reporting periods and comparison limits. Maps, graphs and tables use the same observation and cohort. All 50 states are listed; D.C. and territories are excluded. Missing and suppressed values remain unavailable and never become zero.
#1 is the highest measured value. Equal source values share a rank and leave gaps (1, 2, 2, 4). Ranks use source precision and are descriptive, not a score of the state. Survey uncertainty and reporting coverage can limit comparisons. Published U.S. benchmarks are used where available; a state average is not substituted.
Kentucky snapshots and fiscal sources keep their own dates and accounting scope. National events and federal distribution explainers describe national context. Actions and statements are filtered to Kentucky, retain their reviewed evidence, and do not establish that a policy caused a measured change.
Retained state source collections assembled October 5, 2026. Original review and source dates remain visible. Refreshing this page does not refresh an official data release.