Alabama housing and borrowing

Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Alabama’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.

Retained Alabama evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

(29) To operate, lease, convey, or otherwise manage any housing project, community facility, or mixed-use project upon terms the authority deems appropriate, useful, or expedient, regardless of who owns or will own or acquire the project or facility. (30) To participate in any lawful form of business organization that is involved in the development or operational activities of any buildings, structures, facilities, or other improvements constituting a housing project, community facility, or mixed-use project that the board of directors of the authority determines are appropriate, useful, or expedient to the authority's purposes. An authority may appoint an individual to a governing body or to enter into a contract or other agreement with another party for the development, operation, design, marketing, maintenance, financing, leasing, or use of any housing project, community facility, or mixed-use project upon terms the authority's board of directors determines are appropriate, useful, or expedient to the authority's purposes. Any determination by the board of directors shall be conclusive. A business organization, affiliate, or subsidiary not wholly owned by the authority or a partnership entered into or created by the authority with a private business entity shall not have the power of eminent domain. (31) To make or arrange for loans, contributions to capital, or other debt or equity financing for the activities of any lawful business organization of which the authority is a member; to guarantee loans, issue bonds, or incur other forms of indebtedness on behalf of any lawful business organization of which the authority is a member; or to loan funds to other entities upon terms the authority determines are appropriate, useful, or expedient for the authority's purposes. Any determination by the board of directors shall be conclusive. Any agreements or contracts entered into by an authority shall be subject to Section 24-1-40. (32) To create, establish, acquire, operate, or support for profit or nonprofit subsidiaries or affiliates to assist the authority in fulfilling its purposes. (33) To create, establish, or support other nonaffiliated lawful business organizations that further the authority's purposes. (34) To accomplish or facilitate the creation, establishment, acquisition, development, operation, or support of any subsidiary, affiliate, or other nonaffiliated lawful business organization by means of loans of funds, leases of real or personal property, gifts or grants of funds, or guarantees of indebtedness, or contractual performance of subsidiaries, affiliates, or nonaffiliated public or private parties. (35) To enter contracts, agreements, or understandings with any other party, including, but not limited to, any of the following: a. Design-build, design-build-operate, design-build-own-operate, design-build-own-operate-maintain, design-build-finance-operate-maintain, or other similar arrangements or agreements pursuant to which the design, right-of-way acquisition, relocation of structures or utilities, construction, financing, ownership, management, maintenance, or operation of a housing project or community facility is accomplished by or on behalf of the authority. To the extent that an authority is using any state or local public funds to pay for goods or services in connection with this paragraph, the authority shall comply with Title 39 as applicable. b. Leases, licenses, franchises, concessions, or other agreements for the development, operation, management, financing, or undertaking of all or any part of a housing project or community facility on or on behalf of the authority.

Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Alabama’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.

Retained Alabama evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

(30) To operate, lease, convey, or otherwise manage any housing project or community facility upon terms the authority deems appropriate, useful, or expedient, regardless of who owns or who will own or acquire the project or facility. (31) To participate in any lawful form of business organization that is involved in the development or operational activities of any buildings, structures, facilities, or other improvements constituting a housing project, community facility, or mixed-use project which the board of directors of the authority determines are appropriate, useful, or expedient to the authority's purposes. An authority may appoint an individual to a governing body or to enter into a contract or other agreement with another party for the development, operation, design, marketing, maintenance, financing, leasing, or use of any housing project, community facility, or mixed-use project upon terms the authority's board of directors determines are appropriate, useful, or expedient to the authority's purposes. Any determination by the board of directors shall be conclusive. (32) To make or arrange for loans, contributions to capital, or other debt or equity financing for the activities of any lawful business organization of which the authority is a member; to guarantee loans, issue bonds, or incur other forms of indebtedness on behalf of any lawful business organization of which the authority is a member; or to loan funds to other entities upon terms the authority determines are appropriate, useful, or expedient for the authority's purposes. Any determination by the board of directors shall be conclusive. A business organization, affiliate, or subsidiary not wholly owned by the authority, or a partnership entered into or created by the authority with a private business entity, shall not have the power of eminent domain. (33) To create, establish, acquire, operate, or support for-profit or nonprofit subsidiaries or affiliates to assist the authority in fulfilling its purposes. (34) To create, establish, or support other nonaffiliated lawful business organizations that further the authority's purposes. (35) To accomplish or facilitate the creation, establishment, acquisition, development, operation, or support of any subsidiary, affiliate, or other nonaffiliated lawful business organization by means of loans of funds, leases of real or personal property, gifts or grants of funds, or guarantees of indebtedness or contractual performance of subsidiaries, affiliates, or nonaffiliated public or private parties. (36) To enter contracts, agreements, or understandings with any other party, including, but not limited to, any of the following: a. Design-build, design-build-operate, design-build-own-operate, design-build-own-operate-maintain, design-build-finance-operate-maintain, or other similar arrangements or agreements pursuant to which the design, right-of-way acquisition, relocation of structures or utilities, construction, financing, ownership, management, maintenance, or operation of a housing project or community facility is accomplished by or on behalf of the authority. To the extent that an authority is using any state or local public funds to pay for goods or services in connection with this paragraph, the authority shall comply with the provisions of Title 39, as applicable. b. Leases, licenses, franchises, concessions, or other agreements for the development, operation, management, financing, or undertaking of all or any part of a housing project or community facility of or on behalf of the authority.

The fact measures residents under 65 without health insurance. Insurance eligibility, enrollment, coverage continuity and premium assistance concern the covered population. Provider payments and covered services alone do not establish a coverage change, and Medicare-only changes mostly concern a different age population. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.

Retained Alabama evidence context: People under age 65 without health insurance. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

Section 1. (a) For the purposes of this section, the term "eligibility" refers to eligibility for participation in or receipt of benefits from Medicaid. (b)(1) The Alabama Medicaid Agency may not accept eligibility determinations from an Exchange established under 42 U.S.C. § 18041(c). (2) The agency may accept assessments from an Exchange established under 42 U.S.C. § 18041(c), provided that the agency verifies eligibility and makes eligibility determinations. (c) Except where required by federal law, the Alabama Medicaid Agency may not: (1) Accept self-attestation of income, residency, age, household composition, caretaker or relative status, or receipt of other coverage without verifying that information prior to enrollment; or (2) Request the authority to waive or decline to periodically check any available income-related data sources to verify eligibility. (d) The Alabama Medicaid Agency shall enter into data matching agreements to receive and review information that may indicate a change in circumstances that may affect eligibility and cross-check households enrolled in Medicaid with other state data sets as follows: (1) On at least a monthly basis, information from each of the following: a. The Alabama Department of Public Health, including, but not limited to, death records. b. The Department of Human Resources, including, but not limited to, potential changes in residency as identified by out-of-state electronic benefit (EBT) transactions. c. The Department of Corrections, including, but not limited to, incarceration status. (2) On at least a quarterly basis, information from each of the following: a. The Department of Workforce, including, but not limited to, changes in employment, income, wages, assets, or disability status. b. The Department of Revenue, including, but not limited to, potential changes in income, wages, or residency as identified by tax records. (e) At least once a month, the Alabama Medicaid Agency must assess continued eligibility and act on any changes that may affect eligibility based on a review of data from the following federal sources: (1) From the United States Social Security Administration, earned income information, death register information, incarceration records, supplemental security income information, beneficiary records, earnings information, and pension information. (2) From the United States Department of Health and Human Services, income and employment information maintained in the National Directory of New Hires database and child support enforcement data. (3) From the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, payment and earnings information. (4) From the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation, national fleeing felon information. (f) On at least a quarterly basis, the Alabama Medicaid Agency shall make available on its public website all of the following data from findings on noncompliance and fraud investigations, provided the data is presented in the aggregate and does not include confidential or personally identifying information: (1) The number of Medicaid cases investigated for intentional program violations or fraud. (2) The total number of Medicaid cases referred to the Attorney General's office for prosecution. (3) Improper payments and expenditures. (4) Monies received. (5) Aggregate data concerning improper payments and ineligible recipients as a percentage of those investigated and reviewed. (g) The Alabama Medicaid Agency shall adopt rules to implement and administer this section.

Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Alabama’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.

Retained Alabama evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

Section 3. As used in this act, the following words and phrases have the following meanings: (1) AFFORDABLE HOUSING. Residential housing for rent or sale that is appropriately priced for rent or sale to a person or family whose income does not exceed one hundred twenty percent of the median income for the local area, with adjustments for household size, according to the latest figures available from the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. (2) HOUSING TRUST FUND. A trust fund which is established by the governing body of a Class 1 municipality for the collection and distribution of designated funds for the purpose of increasing the production of housing units, rehabilitating existing housing units, and maintaining such housing so that it can be made affordable to individuals and families whose incomes are at or below 120 percent of the median family income. Section 4. A Class 1 municipality is hereby authorized to create and operate a housing trust fund, by ordinance or resolution, for the purposes stated in this act. Section 5. (a) A Class 1 municipality may fund its housing trust fund with any money available to the Class 1 municipality, unless expressly prohibited by state law. Sources of these funds include, but are not limited to: (1) Donations; (2) Bond proceeds; (3) Grants and loans from a state, federal, or private source; (4) Appropriations by a Class 1 municipality to the trust fund; (5) Investment earnings of the trust fund; (6) Appropriations from a state housing trust fund; and (7) Dedicated funding sources authorized by the legislature. (b) This act does not create, grant, or confer a new or additional tax or revenue authority to a Class 1 municipality unless otherwise provided by the law of this state.

Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Alabama’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.

Retained Alabama evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

(1)a. Upon all instruments which are executed to secure or to evidence the securing of an initial indebtedness which shall not exceed one hundred dollars ($100), there shall be paid the sum of thirty cents ($0.30), and upon all instruments which shall be executed to secure or to evidence the securing of an initial indebtedness of more than one hundred dollars ($100), there shall be paid the sum of thirty cents ($0.30) for each one hundred dollars ($100) of the initial indebtedness or fraction of it. b. Upon all instruments which are executed to secure or to evidence the securing of an open end or revolving indebtedness with any interest in property, at the option of the person offering the instrument for record or for filing : (i) there shall be paid the sum of thirty cents ($0.30) for each one hundred dollars ($100) of the initial indebtedness or fraction of it and the procedures set forth in paragraphs (2) a., b., and c. shall be applicable; or, in lieu of, (ii) there shall be paid the sum of thirty cents ($0.30) for each one hundred dollars ($100) of maximum principal indebtedness, or fraction of it, to be secured by the instrument at any one time as stated in the instrument or any amendment thereto. In any event, the privilege or license tax to be paid upon such instruments securing or evidencing the securing of open end or revolving indebtedness with any interest in property shall not exceed the amount of thirty cents ($0.30) for each one hundred dollars ($100) of maximum principal indebtedness, or fraction of it, to be secured by the instrument at any one time as stated in the instrument or any amendment of it, irrespective of the cumulative amount advanced from time to time thereunder. […] (7) Revenues from the mortgage record tax shall be divided between four recipients: The judges of probate, the Alabama Housing Trust Fund, county treasuries, and the State Treasury. Five percent of all mortgage record taxes collected shall be distributed to the judge of probate, 25 percent of all mortgage record taxes collected shall be distributed to the Alabama Housing Trust Fund, 33 percent of all mortgage record taxes collected shall be distributed to the county treasurer in the county in which the tax is collected, and 37 percent of all mortgage record taxes collected shall be distributed to the State Treasury. If the property described in the instrument is situated within different counties within this state, then the judge of probate who collects the taxes shall pay over to the county treasurer of each of the different counties in which the property is situated an amount of the taxes that would be in proportion to the value of the property therein as compared to the whole property within this state described in the instrument.

Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Alabama’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.

Retained Alabama evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

(b) The notice shall contain the following language: "EVICTION NOTICE. You are being sued for eviction. At the eviction hearing, the judge will determine if the landlord is entitled to possession of your rental unit. If the landlord is granted possession of the rental unit, then you will have at least seven days from the date of the judgment to move out or appeal the eviction. If you move out by the date ordered by the court and leave personal property behind, the landlord may dispose of such abandoned property without further notice. If you do not move out by the date and time ordered by the court, the landlord may have you removed by law enforcement and the landlord may remove any personal property remaining on the premises to the curb or an area designated for garbage. The landlord will have no obligation to preserve the personal property upon removal." […] §6-6-338 (a) An officer authorized to execute a writ of possession issued pursuant to Section 6-6-337 shall post a written warning of at least 8 1/2 by 11 inches on the exterior of the front door of the rental unit notifying the tenant that the writ has been issued and that the writ will be executed on or after a specific date and time stated in the warning, which date is not sooner than 24 hours after the warning is posted. (b) Upon execution of the writ, the officer shall: (1) Instruct the tenant and all individuals occupying the property to leave the premises immediately; (2) Keep the peace while the plaintiff, owner, landlord, or their authorized agent of the plaintiff, owner, or landlord, changes the locks and removes the personal property of the unlawful occupants from the premises to the curb or property line; and (3) If the tenant or other individuals on the property fail to comply, physically remove them from the premises. (c) An officer may use reasonable force in executing a writ under this section. (d) The following persons are immune from any claim that seeks to impose civil liability for damages to the defendant or the defendant's property resulting from the execution of a writ under this section: (1) Any officer or individual acting under the officer's supervision who executes the writ in good faith and with reasonable diligence. (2) The plaintiff, owner, or landlord for whom the writ was issued. (3) Any agent of the plaintiff, owner, or landlord for whom the writ was issued. (e) A person described in subsection (d) does not have a duty to store or protect the tenant's property during or after execution of the writ of possession and may dispose of any property remaining on the premises after execution without further notice or legal liability.

Gross rent includes contract rent and tenant-paid utilities. Rental protections, assistance, and housing supply concern components of rental-market conditions; they do not set Alabama’s median rent. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.

Retained Alabama evidence context: Median gross rent. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

Section 4. The governing body of a Class 1 municipality within the State of Alabama may create, by ordinance, one or more community land trusts to operate within its jurisdiction. A community land trust shall be organized as an Alabama nonprofit corporation. Section 5. (a) The purpose of a community land trust is to: (1) Promote long-term affordable housing for low-income and moderate-income families; (2) Promote productive use of land through ground leases; and (3) Promote investment in affordable housing for long-term community benefit. (b) The bylaws of a community land trust shall provide all of the following: (1) The organization is membership-based. (2) Corporate membership is open to the general public. (3) Membership meetings are open to the general public, including nonmembers. (c) The board of directors shall consist of seven directors serving four-year terms. No director shall be a municipal, county, or state elected official and no immediate family member or member of the official's household shall be a director. If an existing director or other individual becomes an elected official, thereby disqualifying that individual or another from serving as a director, that existing director shall promptly tender his or her resignation. (1) Three directors shall be appointed by the governing body of the organizing municipality and shall have expertise and experience in careers or activities involving real estate, property management, finance, real estate law, transit planning, residential contracting, banking, architecture, or city planning. (2) Three directors shall be appointed by the mayor of the organizing municipality. One director shall be a professional in the finance or banking industry with experience in affordable and low-income housing, lending, finance, or tax credits for residential and commercial properties. One director shall be a registered architect, landscape architect, or city planner with experience in long- range planning and neighborhood/community master planning. One director shall be a specialist in housing-related activities with experience in developing affordable housing for low-income and moderate-income families. (3) One director who meets the requirements of subdivision (1) of this section shall be appointed by the Board of Directors of the Alabama Housing Finance Authority. The appointed director may be a member of that board. (4) The board of directors shall reflect the diversity of the community served by the community land trust to the extent practicable. No board member shall be an employee or independent contractor of the community land trust or have any immediate family member or household member who is an employee or independent contractor of the community land trust, except that the executive director shall be an ex officio member of the board of directors. A director may be removed by the appointing authority in the same manner as the original appointment. The board of directors shall adopt, review annually, and revise if necessary, a conflict of interest policy binding upon the board and staff of the community land trust. (d)(1) The board of directors may establish, through resolutions or bylaws, provisions for director compensation, including salary, per diem, and travel expenses. (2) The board of directors may employ staff through resolutions adopted by the board. Employees of the community land trust shall not be subject to the Merit System Act. The community land trust shall not employ an elected municipal, county, or state official or any immediate family member or member of an official's household as an employee or independent contractor. (3) Meetings of the board of directors, including quorum requirements and participation by electronic means, shall be governed by Sections 10A-3-2.11 and 10A-3-2.13, Code of Alabama 1975. (4) Directors shall be immune from civil liability for reasonable acts or omissions made within the scope of their official duties, except for acts or omissions involving willful misconduct, negligence, or fraud. (5) The community land trust shall not: (i) engage in political activity, lobbying, political consultation, or public advocacy relating to the operation, financing, or organization of the community land trust; or (ii) employ any person or engage any vendor to engage in any material part in political activity, lobbying, political consultation, or public advocacy relating to the operation, financing, or organization of the community land trust. (6) The community land trust shall be audited annually by the Department of Examiners of Public Accounts, with the cost paid by either the sponsoring municipality or the community land trust. The audits shall be made publicly available on the sponsoring municipality's website and promptly provided to the public upon request.

The fact measures residents under 65 without health insurance. Insurance eligibility, enrollment, coverage continuity and premium assistance concern the covered population. Provider payments and covered services alone do not establish a coverage change, and Medicare-only changes mostly concern a different age population. This connection does not establish causation. Actions after the measurement period cannot explain the earlier observed value.

Retained Alabama evidence context: People under age 65 without health insurance. This record’s connection to the topic does not establish an effect on the measured result.

Section 1. (a) For the purposes of this section, the term "eligibility" refers to eligibility for participation in or receipt of benefits from Medicaid. (b)(1) The Alabama Medicaid Agency may not accept eligibility determinations from an Exchange established under 42 U.S.C. § 18041(c). (2) The agency may accept assessments from an Exchange established under 42 U.S.C. § 18041(c), provided that the agency verifies eligibility and makes eligibility determinations. (c) Except where required by federal law, the Alabama Medicaid Agency may not: (1) Accept self-attestation of income, residency, age, household composition, caretaker or relative status, or receipt of other coverage without verifying that information prior to enrollment; or (2) Request the authority to waive or decline to periodically check any available income-related data sources to verify eligibility. (d) The Alabama Medicaid Agency shall enter into data matching agreements to receive and review information that may indicate a change in circumstances that may affect eligibility and cross-check households enrolled in Medicaid with other state data sets, including all of the following: (1) On at least a monthly basis, information from each of the following: a. The Alabama Department of Public Health, including, but not limited to, death records. b. The State Department of Human Resources, including, but not limited to, potential changes in residency as identified by out-of-state electronic benefit (EBT) transactions. c. The Department of Corrections, including, but not limited to, incarceration status. (2) On at least a quarterly basis, information from each of the following: a. The Department of Workforce, including, but not limited to, changes in employment, income, wages, assets, or disability status. b. The Department of Revenue, including, but not limited to, potential changes in income, wages, or residency as identified by tax records. (e) At least once a month, the Alabama Medicaid Agency shall assess continued eligibility and act on any changes that may affect eligibility based on a review of data from the following federal sources: (1) From the United States Social Security Administration, earned income information, death register information, incarceration records, supplemental security income information, beneficiary records, earnings information, and pension information. (2) From the United States Department of Health and Human Services, income and employment information maintained in the National Directory of New Hires database and child support enforcement data. (3) From the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, payment and earnings information. (4) From the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation, national fleeing felon information. (5) From the United States Postal Service, change of address information. (f) Beginning not later than October 1, 2029, the Alabama Medicaid Agency shall submit enrollment information to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' national Medicaid enrollment database on a monthly basis for the purpose of identifying individuals who are enrolled in Medicaid in more than one state. (g) On at least a quarterly basis, the Alabama Medicaid Agency shall make available on its public website all of the following data from findings on noncompliance and fraud investigations, provided the data is presented in the aggregate and does not include confidential or personally identifying information: (1) The number of Medicaid cases investigated for intentional program violations or fraud. (2) The total number of Medicaid cases referred to the Attorney General's office for prosecution. (3) Improper payments and expenditures. (4) Monies received. (5) Aggregate data concerning improper payments and ineligible recipients as a percentage of those investigated and reviewed. (h) The Alabama Medicaid Agency shall adopt rules to implement and administer this section.