The bill would establish independent Article I United States Immigration Courts within the Immigration and Nationality Act, consisting of appellate, trial, and administrative divisions. The courts would assume immigration adjudication functions currently performed by the Executive Office for Immigration Review, including removal proceedings, certain asylum and fear determinations, and appeals. Existing EOIR immigration judges would generally serve as interim trial judges during a four-year transition period, while the measure would provide for 15-year judicial appointments, court-controlled budgeting, and transfer of related personnel and resources.

FactVote-generated overview; it is not an official CRS summary.