The bill would prohibit covered private entities from building, owning, operating, or maintaining new or existing data centers with power demand of at least 5 megawatts unless they obtain all energy, including backup energy, off the electric grid and all water, including backup water, outside the public water system. This requirement would begin 180 days after enactment and would apply to entities that operate data centers or plan to do so within five years. The bill would also give the President’s March 9, 2026, Ratepayer Protection Pledge the full force and effect of law.

FactVote-generated overview; it is not an official CRS summary.